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Why More Lexington Pet Owners Are Choosing Advanced Animal Care Emergency in Richmond, KY

Mon, 05 May 2025 11:54:00 GMT

Lexington, KY is full of devoted pet owners—and when your dog or cat needs urgent or emergency care, you want fast answers, experienced hands, and fair pricing. That’s exactly why so many Lexington families are turning to Advanced Animal Care Emergency, just 25–30 minutes down I-75 in Richmond.

We might not be in Lexington city limits, but we serve the Lexington pet community every single day.

What Makes Us Different?

Located in Richmond, Advanced Animal Care Emergency is a full-service 24/7 emergency hospital and weekday urgent care clinic that has two promises: better access and better value .

We’re open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for true emergencies—no appointment necessary.
We offer Urgent Care Monday–Friday from 8am–4pm , perfect for non-life-threatening but time-sensitive cases at affordable urgent care prices.
And unlike many Lexington emergency clinics, we’re often half the cost —without sacrificing the quality of care your pet deserves.

Emergency Care – Always Open

If your pet is in crisis—whether it’s a car accident, toxin ingestion, seizures, or collapse—our emergency team is always ready. We provide:

Immediate triage and stabilization
Oxygen therapy, IV fluids, and pain relief
Emergency surgery
24/7 hospitalization and monitoring
Critical care and diagnostics

We also house a CT machine for pets , giving us the ability to diagnose complex internal issues fast—often saving lives when minutes matter.

Weekday Urgent Care – Fast Relief When It Can’t Wait

Not every concern is a full-blown emergency. But when your pet suddenly develops an ear infection, starts limping, or has diarrhea that won't stop, waiting a week for your primary vet isn't an option. That’s where our Urgent Care comes in.

Our team can help with:

Minor wounds, limping, and ear infections
Eye or skin issues
Vomiting or diarrhea (without lethargy)
Coughing, sneezing, and urinary concerns
Ingestion of mild foreign objects
Sudden behavior or appetite changes

And if it turns out to be more serious? We can immediately escalate to emergency care —no transfers needed.

Trusted by Pet Families Across Lexington

You don’t have to live in Richmond to choose us. In fact, a lot of our urgent and emergency cases come from Lexington neighborhoods like:

Hamburg
Tates Creek
Beaumont
Chilesburg
Chevy Chase
Masterson Station
Andover
Lansdowne
Kenwick
UK Campus / Downtown

Our convenient location just off I-75 means you can be here in 25–30 minutes from most Lexington addresses. And once you’ve experienced our care, many families decide to keep coming back.

High-Level Care, Without the High Lexington Prices

Veterinary care in Lexington—especially emergency care—can get expensive fast. Our pricing is consistently 30–50% lower than other ER clinics in the city. We believe great veterinary medicine should be accessible , especially when your pet’s life may depend on it.

A Clinic Built for Complete Pet Care

In addition to Emergency and Urgent Care, our hospital is part of a network of Advanced Animal Care general practice clinics , offering everything from:

Annual wellness exams and vaccines
Dental cleanings and extractions
Spay/neuter and routine surgeries
Senior care and chronic condition management
In-house diagnostics, X-rays, and ultrasound

Get Directions from Lexington to Advanced Animal Care Emergency

We’re closer than you think—and well worth the drive.

2120 Pimlico Dr., Richmond, KY 40475
( 859) 625-5678

If you live in Lexington and your pet needs care now—not next week— don’t overpay or wait too long . Come see why more and more pet parents are choosing Advanced Animal Care Emergency for 24/7 service, experienced vets, and compassionate, cost-conscious care.

We’re here when your pet needs us— day or night, urgent or emergent.

Why Does My Dog Lick So Much? Decoding Dog Licking Behaviors

Mon, 14 Apr 2025 18:30:00 GMT

As veterinarians, we often get asked about a common canine behavior : licking. Licking is a natural and normal behavior for dogs, allowing them to groom, investigate their surroundings, and even communicate with other people and pets. Whether it's a quick swipe of the tongue or a full-on facial bath, dogs lick for a variety of reasons – some you might not even expect.

Let's explore some of the most common explanations behind this behavior and talk about when owners should be concerned about excessive licking in dogs.

Why Do Dogs Lick You and Things Around Them?

1. A Sign of Affection

Perhaps the most common – and the cutest – reason for a dog licking is to express affection. Just like a kiss or a hug, a lick from your dog is often a way of saying, "I love you!" This behavior stems from puppyhood, where mothers lick their pups to groom and comfort them.

Some owners may be initially concerned that licking or mouthing behaviors may be a display of a dog trying to show their dominance, but rest assured that gentle licking that isn't accompanied by other aggressive behaviors like guarding or staring is very normal and a sign that your dog trusts you.

2. Grooming and Social Bonding

Licking isn't always confined to just a dog's owners or guests in their house. Dogs lick each other as a form of social grooming, reinforcing their pack bonds. While dogs aren't as self-sufficient as cats when it comes to grooming, gentle licking can help keep their coat clean and clear dirt and debris from their limbs and paws.

When your dog licks you, they might be extending this grooming behavior to you, their beloved human "pack" member. A strong bond with their owner, as well as any other dogs in the household, is essential for fulfilling a dog's emotional, social, and physical needs. When dogs and their owners get along and bond, dogs can feel safer and more secure in their environment, reducing stress and anxiety, as well as letting their personalities shine through. These benefits of a strong bond extend to owners, too. Research has shown that dogs can improve our mental and physical health , and dog owners who have a good relationship with their dogs reap the most benefits.

3. Exploring the World Through Taste

Dogs have a powerful sense of smell and taste , with up to 300 million scent receptors in their noses and around 1,700 taste buds. Licking allows them to gather information about their environment. A dog licking their lips, their food bowl, or even you could also indicate that they smell something that they really want a taste of too.

If you've just eaten something tasty or have a salty residue on your skin, your dog might be investigating these interesting flavors. With this behavior, it's important for pet owners to be mindful of what's on their skin if their dog leans in for a lick. Some lotions, perfumes, and other beauty products applied directly to the skin can be harmful or toxic to dogs and are definitely something you don't want them to get a mouthful of.

4. Seeking Attention

Dogs are intelligent creatures and quickly learn that licking often elicits a response from their owners. Whether it's a gentle pat, a verbal acknowledgment, or even a slight push away, they realize licking gets them attention.

5. Self-Soothing and Anxiety

Excessive licking in dogs can sometimes be a sign of anxiety or stress, so dog owners will want to monitor the habit to ensure it doesn't become extreme or indicate mental or emotional distress. Dogs might lick themselves, objects, or people as a way to calm themselves down. If your dog is showing other signs of anxiety, such as pacing, panting, or trembling, it's important to consult with your veterinarian to get to the root of their behavior.

6. Medical Concerns

In some cases, excessive licking goes beyond normal behavior and can indicate a medical problem. Skin allergies , irritations, or gastrointestinal issues can cause dogs to lick excessively. If your dog is consistently licking a specific area or showing other signs of discomfort, a veterinary checkup is recommended to make sure everything is okay.

7. Showing Submission

In the canine world, licking can also be a sign of submission. Dogs might lick the face or mouth of a dominant dog or person to show deference. Think of it as a dog's way of saying, "I mean no harm!"

Familiar dogs may also exhibit this behavior when they are reunited after spending time apart – you may notice it when your dog meets up with their pals at the dog park or comes home and greets your other dogs after a solo trip to the vet.

When to Be Concerned About Excessive Licking in Dogs

While licking is generally a normal behavior, there are some situations where the behavior goes beyond what's "normal" and might warrant a closer look:

Excessive Licking: If your dog is licking excessively and it interferes with their daily life, it's time to consult your veterinarian. Licking gets excessive when it goes beyond basic grooming or showing affection and causes your dog pain, discomfort, or distress.
Licking Wounds: Constant licking of wounds can hinder healing and increase the risk of infection. This is true for everything from a hot spot to a surgical incision. If you notice that your dog is repeatedly licking a wound or sore, try to limit your dog's access to the affected area by using bandages, clothing, or E-collars.
Sudden Changes: If your dog suddenly starts licking excessively, it could indicate a medical or behavioral issue.

How To Stop Your Dog From Excessive Licking

Observe Your Dog: Pay attention to when and where your dog licks to help identify potential triggers or underlying causes. When you and your family veterinarian understand what's causing your dog's excessive licking, you can better address it with proper redirection, training, or medical attention.
Provide Enrichment: Ensure your dog has plenty of mental and physical stimulation to prevent boredom and anxiety. When a dog's mental and physical needs are met, they're less likely to exhibit negative behaviors like excessive licking.
Consult Your Veterinarian: If you have any concerns about your dog's licking behavior, don't hesitate to reach out to us.

Understanding your dog's licking behavior can help you strengthen your bond and ensure their well-being. We're here to help you navigate the world of canine behavior and provide the best possible care for your furry companions.

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 , or you can email us at aacrichmond@yahoo.com . Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

Annual Exams for Cats: Why They’re Just as Important as Dog Checkups

Mon, 14 Apr 2025 17:57:00 GMT

Cats are true masters of disguise, fitting into the smallest spaces, concealing themselves in hard-to-find places, and even hiding their pain from their owners. It can be quite challenging to tell when your feline friend needs a bit of medical attention. This may explain why more than 90% of dog owners make sure to take their pups to the vet each year, while only around 40% of cat owners do the same .

The truth is, just like dogs, cats need regular checkups to stay healthy and catch potential issues before they become serious. Let’s take some time to dig into why annual checkups are just as important for cats as they are for dogs and what to expect during your visit to Orchard Road Animal Clinic’s feline-only clinic.

Two Important Factors to Remember About Cats

Cats Age Faster Than Humans

Cats age much faster than we do, so when they miss a vet appointment, it’s like skipping years of important health care for ourselves. Just one year in a cat’s life is similar to several years for humans, which makes their annual visits even more crucial. Regular exams with your cat’s veterinarian help us get a better understanding of your cat’s baseline health. Knowing what’s “normal” for your pet will help us recognize what’s “abnormal,” address new issues earlier, and stay ahead of potential health concerns.

Cats Are Experts at Hiding Illness

Unlike dogs who can be a bit dramatic (but we love them so much anyway!), cats are incredibly skilled at masking signs of discomfort. In the wild, showing weakness makes them vulnerable, so they instinctively hide symptoms of illness or pain. This means that by the time a cat outwardly shows signs of being sick, the condition may already be advanced. Bringing your cat in for regular wellness exams allows your veterinarian to detect subtle health changes before they become serious problems for your pet.

How Often Should My Cat Have an Exam?

While annual exams are the standard for most adult cats, kittens, senior cats, and those with chronic health conditions may need more frequent visits:

Kittens (under 1 year): Just like human babies, kittens need frequent exams to check they’re growing at a healthy rate and that they get their vaccines and boosters properly. Expect multiple visits throughout their first year for vaccinations, deworming, and wellness checks.
Adult Cats (1-7 Years): Even if your cat seems perfectly healthy, an annual wellness exam is essential. This is the time to catch any potential health concerns early, discuss nutrition and behavior, and support your cat’s overall wellness with routine lab work and vaccinations.
Senior Cats (8+ Years): As cats age, they become more prone to conditions like kidney disease, arthritis, hypothyroidism, and dental issues. To monitor these changes and provide the best care possible, semi-annual checkups are recommended for senior cats.

So, if your cat hasn’t been to the vet in a while, it might be time to schedule that wellness exam!

What Happens During a Cat Wellness Exam?

A feline wellness exam covers seven essential health checkpoints to make sure your feline is in good health. These exams play an important part in catching any potential health issues early on and give you the chance to discuss any concerns you may have regarding your cat's behavior, nutrition, or overall lifestyle.

The seven key areas of a feline wellness exam include:

Comprehensive Physical Examination: Typically, exams start with a thorough evaluation from head to tail, checking your pet's overall body condition, coat quality, and the health of their eyes, ears, nose, and skin for any signs of abnormalities. During this, your veterinarian gently palpates the abdomen and musculoskeletal system to spot any irregularities in organ size, muscle tone, or joint function.
Behavior and Lifestyle Discussion: Your veterinarian will discuss behavioral patterns, activity levels, and your pet’s environment to pinpoint any potential issues related to stress, anxiety, or underlying medical conditions that could impact behavior.
Nutritional and Weight Assessment: Proper nutrition significantly influences a cat's overall health. Your pet will be weighed, and the veterinarian will assign a body condition score to make sure dietary recommendations match the cat’s age, lifestyle, and metabolic requirements.
Oral Health Evaluation: Dental disease is incredibly common in cats , with most experiencing issues by age four. Your pet will be checked for signs of discomfort, plaque buildup on teeth, or oral abnormalities.
Laboratory Testing: A simple blood and urine test can provide valuable insights into your cat’s internal health. This will help your vet catch conditions like kidney disease, infections, or diabetes early.
Parasite Screening & Prevention: All pets, even indoor cats, can be at risk for parasites like fleas, ticks, and intestinal worms. A stool sample will be collected for analysis, and we will discuss the best preventive care for your cat's lifestyle and health.
Vaccinations & Preventive Care: Vaccination requirements and needs will change based on age, lifestyle, and risk factors in your particular area. A vaccination schedule is developed, and additional preventive care measures, such as deworming and routine screenings, are discussed to optimize long-term health.

Making the Vet Visit as Stress-Free as Can Be

One of the main reasons pet owners hesitate to take their cats to the vet is the stress it can cause their pets. Unfortunately, this is often true; veterinary visits can lead to anxiety for many cats. However, proper preparation can make the experience much more manageable for all involved. A good starting point is to familiarize cats with their carrier well in advance of the appointment. Instead of using the carrier only for trips to the clinic, keep it in a familiar area at home, filled with soft bedding, toys, or treats to allow your pet to explore it any time they’d like. This will help untangle the idea that “carrier means doctor!”

Choosing a cat-friendly clinic is important, and opting for a cat-only clinic can be even better for our pets… and ourselves as their owners. These clinics are quiet, dog-free environments that minimize stress caused by loud noises and the unfamiliar, stinky smells of their not-so-relatable four-legged friends – dogs.

To help cats stay calm, calming aids such as pheromone sprays or special treats designed to reduce anxiety may be helpful during the car ride and exam. Pheromone diffusers are often used in exam rooms to continue the easygoing experience. Speaking in a soothing voice and handling cats gently during the trip can also ease their nerves. These small tweaks can make a big difference in helping cats feel more comfortable in new surroundings.

Prioritizing Your Cat’s Health

Caring for your cat involves more than simply providing a litter box, food, and a comfortable sunny spot. Regular veterinary exams form the basis for their overall health. By committing to annual veterinary visits and working with a team that values a stress-free experience, pet owners can overcome obstacles that often prevent cats from getting the care they actually need.

Every visit to the vet, whether it’s a kitten’s first appointment or a senior cat’s bi-yearly exam, is a chance to support your cat’s health. Taking a proactive approach to feline healthcare means that more cats can enjoy longer, healthier lives—just as they deserve!

Remember, routine exams are just as important for cats as they are for dogs!

How to Introduce Dogs to Each Other: Expert Tips for a Positive First Encounter

Wed, 05 Feb 2025 18:55:00 GMT

Introducing dogs to one another may seem simple, but without the right approach, these interactions can go wrong quickly and result in a number of socialization issues for your dog later in life.

Dogs rely heavily on body language and vocalizations for communication, and a structured introduction in a controlled environment allows them to establish boundaries and safely ease into new relationships with other dogs. Teaching your dog the right way to behave around unfamiliar animals can create a strong foundation of good behavior and avoid issues associated with reactivity and aggression. In this blog, we'll cover a few best practices to help you navigate making new friends for your dog with ease.

Why a Proper Introduction Is Important

You've probably heard that first impressions matter, and while that saying is typically used in the context of human relationships, it's something that applies well to dogs, too!

Dogs are highly social creatures that enjoy companionship and the company of both humans and other animals alike. How much time a dog needs to spend among other dogs will vary from dog to dog and cannot be generalized based on breed, age, or any other factors, but veterinarians and behaviorists typically recommend that a dog have exposure to other dogs for at least a few hours a week. So whether it's being a regular at a dog park or having a multi-dog household, spending time with other dogs is an important part of a healthy and happy life for all dogs. This means it's important that dog owners know how to properly facilitate a meet and greet and that their dog knows exactly what to expect when making a new friend.

Nailing introductions and having your dog successfully meet and interact with other dogs in public spaces or even your own home has numerous benefits, including:

Preventing Aggression and Fear Around Other Dogs and Animals
Reducing Social Stress and Anxiety
Associating Other Dogs and Animals with Positive Feelings
Minimizing Territorial Behavior
Helping Your Dog Establish Boundaries

Proper socialization during puppyhood is crucial for setting a good foundation for your dog's behaviors and reactions to other dogs. Socialization and exposure to other people and animals are said to be most important when a puppy is between 3 and 14 weeks old . Understanding how to introduce your puppy to other dogs safely will help them grow into a happy and well-adjusted dog and help you avoid issues with reactivity and aggression later in life.

But missing out on socialization during the formative puppy period doesn't mean there's no hope for your dog. In fact, older dogs can pick up on socialization and behavioral training later in life, too, but it may just take a little extra work and patience.

Whether you're just starting to work on socialization or working to reinforce it, introducing new dogs to one another is something that's pretty unavoidable if you're keeping up with your dog's social needs. To keep all of your encounters safe, we've broken down some best practices for introducing two dogs and have shared some of our best tips and tricks.

How Should I Introduce My Dog To A New Dog For The First Time?

Start Small and Work Your Way Up to Proper Introductions

For dogs who are still working on socialization or don't have much experience around other dogs, starting small and working your way up to meeting other dogs face-to-face is a great option to gauge how your dog reacts and behaves. You can start by taking your dog on walks in the vicinity of other dogs. For example, walking your dog around your neighborhood or on a local walking trail presents a great opportunity to see other dogs in their yards on walks with their owner, allowing your dog to observe from a safe distance and get used to the idea of sharing their space with other dogs.

Pick the Right Location

Location is an important consideration when introducing two dogs to one another. It's typically best to choose a neutral location, like a park or unfamiliar outdoor space, to avoid any territorial behavior from either dog. Selecting an outdoor location is often optimal as you'll have plenty of room to keep the dogs at a safe distance when they're first meeting, and in case of something going awry, you'll have plenty of space to pull dogs away if one begins showing signs of aggression, fear, or anxiety.

And if everything goes well, you'll already be in the perfect space for the dogs to get some play time together – a win-win!

Bring the Right Gear

In order to facilitate a smooth introduction, you'll need to bring a few things with you. One non-negotiable thing you'll need for each dog is a strong leash, preferably between four and six feet in length, so that the dogs have a little room to move around as needed during their interaction. In order to maintain proper control during the meeting, you'll want to avoid retractable leashes and stick to regular nylon or leather leashes that are strong to withstand some pulling.

Next, you'll want to have some kind of high-value treat on hand to reward – and encourage – good behavior. Positively reinforcing your dog's good behavior around other dogs helps to teach them good manners and associate similar introductions later in life with a positive experience.

Play Your Part in the Introduction

As an owner, you've got an important role to play when dogs are meeting for the first time. Dogs can often pick up on their owner's emotions, sensing their energy and mood, so it's important for you to keep it cool, calm, and collected throughout the entire meeting. You want to make this as positive an experience as possible, so try keeping your voice upbeat, and give your dog praise and reassurance where appropriate.

In addition to being a comforting and positive presence, you're also responsible for keeping your dog under control. Your dog should have your complete and undivided attention, so avoid any distractions like your phone or deep conversations with the other pet owner. A part of being in control of your dog is managing their leash while they interact with their new friend, you'll need to manage the amount of slack based on how the introduction is going; don't be afraid to let them have a little room if things are going well, or to reel them in if they seem afraid or agitated.

Don't Force Things

One of the most important things to avoid when introducing dogs is forcing interactions. While we may want our dogs to be social butterflies and immediately get along with every dog they meet, that's just not a realistic expectation. So many factors can affect how dogs feel when meeting another animal for the first time, and some days, your dog may be in a weird mood and not up for socializing. It's important to pay close attention to how your dog is feeling and responding to the situation through their body language and vocalizations.

Have a Back-Up Plan Ready

Not every initial introduction will go off without a hitch, so it's always a great idea to have a backup plan. If the dogs are communicating that they don't want to meet, it may be a good idea to try another day or after some additional training; alternatively, if things are off to a little bit of a rocky start, it may be helpful to separate the dogs and have them do some activities in the same space. This can be helpful because while minor disagreements and communication through body language are normal, things can escalate in some situations, and you'll need to break the dogs apart. However, still having them in the same space can help them be a little more comfortable and make this socialization attempt more positive and worthwhile.

Watch Both Dog's Body Language and Reactions

While dogs can't exactly tell us how they're feeling when meeting another dog, we can get some helpful clues from their body language and vocalizations throughout the interaction. Being in tune with your dog's emotions and being able to accurately read physical signs from them can help you avoid

Signs That The Introduction Is Going Well

Relaxed Body Language
Wagging Tails at Mid-Level
Playful Bows
Calm Sniffing
Taking Turns Approaching and Backing Away

Warning Signs That The Dogs Aren't Getting Along

Stiff Posture
Prolonged Staring or Eye Contact
Raised Fur Along Their Backs
Growling or Frightened Vocalizing
Snapping or Lip Curling
Tucking Tails Between Their Legs

If you're unsure about how your dog will react when meeting other dogs or have questions about your dog's behavior after an introduction, don't be afraid to reach out to your veterinarian or trainer. Veterinary professionals know dogs well and can often read their body language and understand their behaviors better than many owners. They'll be able to let you know if any behaviors or reactions are a cause for concern and can point you in the right direction if additional help is needed, like with an animal behaviorist.

Why Does My Cat Have Chin Acne? Causes and Solutions for Feline Breakouts

Wed, 05 Feb 2025 18:10:00 GMT

When I think of acne, I’m instantly transported back to middle school me — awkwardly putting on way too much foundation in a shade that didn’t even slightly match my skin tone, all in a desperate attempt to conceal the unconcealable. The struggle was (let’s be honest, is) real!

This struggle is also real for our cats! Did you know our cats can also have their own version of acne? Unlike us, though, they don’t have the luxury of concealer, Instagram tutorials, or a handy beauty blender. That’s where we come in as pet parents. We must help our feline friends navigate their dermatological distress . So, let’s take some time together to understand more about this skin struggle our cats may face and learn how we can support our kitty’s complexion.

What Is Cat Acne?

Feline acne is a surprisingly common condition that can affect cats of any age or breed. If you’ve ever noticed your cat’s chin looking a little “dirty” or crusty, you might be dealing with this peculiar skin issue.

But what exactly is cat acne, and how does it compare to the breakouts we humans know all too well?

While cat acne and human acne share one key feature — clogged hair follicles — they’re not quite the same thing. Human acne is often fueled by hormones, bacteria, and overactive oil glands, which is why it tends to make its grand appearance during our teenage years. Cats, however, don’t deal with hormonal fluctuations like we do. Instead, feline acne is caused by a buildup of keratin, a natural protein found in the skin, within the hair follicles, and typically happens on the chin and lip regions. This clogging leads to blackheads (also known as comedones), and in more severe cases, it can progress to inflammation, swelling, or even pustules.

The good news is that cats aren’t nearly as self-conscious about their acne as we are. While we might agonize over every blemish, your feline friend probably won’t even notice their chin breakouts unless they become severe or infected. Since feline acne isn’t typically painful or itchy, it’s easy to miss. However, catching it early and taking action can help prevent complications and keep your cat’s chin looking clean and healthy!

What Causes Cat Acne?

The exact cause of cat acne remains a bit of a mystery , but we do know there are some factors that can contribute to feline chin breakouts. From keratin buildup to allergies, stress, or even the type of food bowl your cat uses, a variety of triggers might be at play. While we may not have all the answers, understanding these potential culprits can help keep your cat’s skin in the clear.

Allergies: Both food and environmental allergies can predispose cats to acne.
Poor Grooming: Cats that don’t clean themselves efficiently may be more prone to clogged follicles.
Contact Hypersensitivity: Plastic food bowls and other porous materials can irritate your cat’s skin, making acne more likely.
Stress: Just like humans, cats can experience stress-related skin conditions.
Viruses: Some evidence links feline acne to viral infections like herpesvirus or calicivirus.
Other Culprits: Overactive sebaceous glands, autoimmune disorders, or skin conditions like ringworm and demodex might also play a role.

Signs of Feline Acne

Cat acne can show up in a variety of ways, from mild to more severe cases. You might notice tiny black dots (blackheads) on your cat’s chin or lip margins in its mild form. These comedones can make the area look dirty, crusty, or slightly bumpy, and you might even spot some missing fur.

In more serious cases, our cat’s skin can become much worse. The chin or lip margins may become swollen and thickened, with draining pustules or small spots of blood. Your cat might rub their chin on furniture or paw at the area, but surprisingly, it’s not normally painful or itchy. Severe acne can sometimes come with other skin issues, like redness, hair loss, or excessive grooming, especially if allergies are involved. If you spot any of these symptoms, whether it’s a few blackheads or a more serious breakout, it’s best to have your pet seen by a veterinarian to help determine the cause and see if treatment may be necessary.

Diagnosing And Treating Cat Acne

Since cat acne shares symptoms with other skin conditions, your veterinarian will likely start by ruling out other possibilities first. A thorough physical exam from whiskers to tail and other tests such as blood work, urine analysis, or skin cultures may be recommended to uncover any underlying allergies, infections, or other contributors.

A cell biopsy may be necessary for more complex cases to confirm the diagnosis. Conditions like ringworm, demodicosis, or eosinophilic granuloma complex can look suspiciously similar to cat acne, which will help confirm your pet’s diagnosis more thoroughly.

Once the diagnosis is in, the treatment plan for your cat’s skin will depend on how severe your cat’s acne is.

Mild Cases

For mild breakouts, the solution can be as simple as daily cleaning. Medicated shampoos or antibacterial wipes containing sulfur-salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide work wonders in clearing up blackheads. Switching out plastic food bowls for stainless steel or ceramic ones (and washing them regularly) can also help reduce irritation and prevent future flare-ups.

Severe Cases

If your cat’s acne has progressed to more noticeable swelling, redness, or infection, it may require a bit more TLC. Your vet might prescribe oral antibiotics or topical treatments like ointments or creams to tackle secondary infections and soothe inflamed skin. Fatty acid supplements, such as omega-3 and omega-6, can also give their skin a health boost by reducing inflammation.

For particularly stubborn cases, more advanced treatments may be needed. Options like isotretinoin or even pheromone therapy can make a difference, especially when traditional methods aren’t successful. Whatever the treatment, it’s important to follow your veterinarian’s guidance closely to make sure your cat gets the best care.

Preventing Cat Acne

While it’s not always possible to prevent feline acne entirely, there are a few simple steps you can take to reduce the chances of it happening or coming back:

Switch to Non-Plastic Bowls: Switch to stainless steel or ceramic food and water bowls. Plastic can harbor bacteria and irritate your cat’s skin, so opting for non-porous materials and washing them regularly is a game-changer.
Maintain Good Hygiene: Brush your cat, clean their chin, and bathe them as needed to help prevent buildup.
Address Underlying Issues: If your cat has allergies or other skin conditions, addressing those promptly can help minimize acne flare-ups.
Reduce Stress: Create a calm environment to help manage stress-related acne.

When to See a Specialist

If your cat’s acne doesn’t improve with standard treatments or seems to be getting worse despite your best efforts, your veterinarian may recommend seeing a board-certified veterinary dermatologist. These specialists are experts in diagnosing and treating complex and persistent skin conditions and can provide advanced, tailored treatment specifically for your unique pet.

Remember, your veterinarian is your best asset when navigating your cat’s health. Whether it’s managing mild acne or consulting a specialist for more stubborn cases, they’ll be there to guide you. With a little effort and attention, your cat will be back to looking and feeling their best, and best of all, no concealer required!

Causes and Cures for Cat Constipation

Wed, 22 Jan 2025 20:12:00 GMT

Constipation might not be the most glamorous topic, but it’s a bigger deal for cats than you might think. While a little tummy turmoil here and there isn’t unusual, ongoing difficulty with bowel movements can lead to serious discomfort—or even a medical emergency for our felines.

Since most cat parents don’t keep close tabs on their cat’s daily bathroom habits, constipation can easily go unnoticed. If you are a cat owner, it’s important to know the signs, understand the causes, and recognize when it’s time to call in veterinary professionals when your pet is dealing with possible constipation problems because left untreated…things can be a whole lot worse than just a stinky situation.

What Is Constipation?

Constipation in cats occurs when there is an excessive buildup of feces in the colon, leading to difficulty passing stools. This condition can cause a decrease in the frequency of bowel movements or, in some cases, a complete inability to defecate.

Cats should typically have a complete bowel movement every 24 to 36 hours. Their stool should be well-formed and either extremely hard or soft. While every cat's bathroom habits may differ, it is generally accepted that a cat going more than 48 hours without a bowel movement indicates an issue that needs medical attention.

Constipation that is allowed to progress can result in greater health complications that can negatively impact a cat's well-being and quality of life. Untreated constipation can lead to appetite and weight loss, as constipated cats often have abdominal swelling and eating becomes too uncomfortable for them. If the stool is left in the intestinal tract for too long, cats may also experience toxin buildup and intestinal and rectal damage, like irritation, bleeding, and even prolapse.

Constipation vs. Megacolon

In some cases constipation in cats can be caused by megacolon, which is a condition where the colon stretches and loses its ability to contract, leading to further complications with bowel movements. Because megacolon is essentially a weak colon that does not contribute to the effective passing of stool, it can contribute to chronic constipation and other intestinal and rectal health problems .

What Causes Constipation In Cats?

Constipation can occur in cats of any breed and of any age, although most often, constipation is seen in middle-aged to senior cats. Some studies have also recorded that male cats who have Domestic Shorthair, Domestic Longhair, or Siamese lineages may also experience higher rates of constipation .

Outside of breed and gender considerations, some cats may be more prone to constipation based on their health, age, or lifestyle. For example, older cats are considered one of the more at-risk groups for constipation due to their changing diets, reduced mobility, dehydration, and underlying health conditions that contribute to instances of constipation.

Other factors that may lead to constipation, or even chronic constipation in cats, include:

Nutrition and low-fiber diets
Dehydration
Stress
Lack of Exercise or General Movement
Obesity
Arthritis
Allergies
Cancer
Intestinal Blockages from Tumors, Masses, Foreign Objects, and Hairballs
Hyperthyroidism
Diabetes
Chronic Kidney Disease
Previous Instances of Constipation

How Can I Tell If My Cat Is Constipated?

One of the biggest challenges of owning a cat is that they mask pain and discomfort well, and it can be difficult for some owners to tell that their cat is sick and needs medical attention until their condition has really progressed. However, like many other illnesses and ailments, there will be a few signs that can tip cat owners off that something isn't quite right with their furry friend. It is important not to confuse an inability to urinate (which is life threatening) with constipation!

Signs that can point to a constipated cat include:

Avoiding the litter box or designated bathroom spaces to leave small pieces of stool elsewhere while still using the litter box for urination.
Straining, crying, or vocalizing in the litter box during defecation.
Entering and exiting the litter box multiple times without a bowel movement despite trying.
Not being able to poop at all. Cats should defecate every day!
Small pieces of stool in litter box

Is Constipation in Cats an Emergency?

Constipation in cats may or may not be considered an emergency depending on the severity, as well as how long the cat has been constipated. Cases of constipation in cats are either considered mild or severe.

Mild cases of constipation are most commonly caused by low-fiber diets, dehydration, and obstructions from hairballs. In these cases, cats are often not unable to defecate but instead may strain, produce small, dry poops, or poop less frequently. Mild cases of constipation may be difficult for some owners to detect unless they're watching closely, as many cats with mild cases of constipation may still be eating, drinking, and acting normally. Signs of physical discomfort as well as a lack of poop in the litter box, are typically the most common signs owners will notice when their cat is constipated.

Severe constipation, on the other hand, is much more serious and treatment of severe constipation cases should always be managed by a veterinarian. Severe constipation is also known as obstipation and is marked by complete impaction of feces in the colon that impedes normal function, leading to little or no passage of stool. In these more severe cases, the causes are often linked to chronic conditions like megacolon, blockages (foreign objects, tumors, or strictures), or systemic illnesses such as kidney disease or diabetes.

You should see your veterinarian if:

Your cat hasn't defecated in more than 48 hours.
They're straining or crying in pain.
They're vomiting, lethargic, or refusing to eat.
You notice blood in the stool or a swollen abdomen.

Treating Constipation in Cats

The treatment prescribed for constipation in cats is determined by the severity of the constipation, as well as if veterinary intervention is necessary. Some treatments, like increasing the amount of fiber in your cat's diet or encouraging them to drink more water, are straightforward, while others will require veterinary supervision.

Some common treatments for constipation in cats include:

Dietary changes: Switching to a high-fiber or prescription diet based on your veterinarian's recommendations.
Hydration: Increasing water intake at home or administering subcutaneous fluids at the vet.
Medications: Stool softeners, laxatives, or prokinetics (medications that stimulate the digestive tract). However, these should only be used with approval from a veterinarian.
Enemas: Performed by a veterinarian to clear impacted stool.
Surgery: In extreme cases, surgical intervention may be required, especially for conditions like megacolon or severe impaction.

How You Can Help a Constipated Cat at Home

How much you can safely help your cat with constipation at home depends on how severe their constipation is. Along with the treatments recommended above, we've got a few specific recommendations on how you can help your cat get things moving again.

One of the best ways to help a constipated cat is to increase their water intake through direct drinking or incorporating more liquid into their food. Wet food naturally contains a higher percentage of water than dry food, which can help to hydrate the cat and soften their stool. If your cat prefers dry food, you can also add water directly to their kibble to moisten it and up their water intake.

When it comes to food, you can also add a small amount of plain canned pumpkin to their meal, regardless of whether it's wet or dry food. Pumpkin is a natural source of fiber , which can help to bulk up the stool and make it easier to pass, and is a commonly used and successful home remedy for a number of stomach-related ailments in animals. However, it's important to only use plain canned pumpkin, as any variety with spices can be harmful to cats and potentially worsen their stomach issues.

While it may take a little convincing, try to keep your cat active and encourage them to play when constipated to help stimulate their bowels and promote regular bowel movements. Exercise helps to increase blood flow and muscle contractions in the digestive tract, which can aid in the passage of stool and make a bowel movement easier for your cat.

However, while these options are great for some quick at-home relief, always check with your veterinarian before trying home remedies to ensure they are safe and effective for your specific cat's needs and health. A quick phone call to the vet's office to ask a question can never hurt!

What Not to Do

When our cats are struggling with constipation, it’s only natural to want to help them find relief as quickly as possible. But before reaching into your own medicine cabinet, think twice — human laxatives should never be given to pets unless specifically instructed by a veterinarian. What works for us can be dangerous for them, so it’s always best to consult your veterinarian for a safe and effective solution.

There are a number of human medications that are toxic and potentially deadly to animals, so administering anything without veterinary approval is a risky move. Instead, you can work with your veterinarian to find an appropriate laxative that is approved for use in cats, leading to increased safety and better treatment outcomes.

Similar to laxative use, enemas for cats are something best left to the professionals at your local veterinarian's office. Enemas can be life threatening for cats if administered incorrectly.

Preventing Cat Constipation

To help prevent cases of constipation in your cat, you can start by:

Ensuring your cat stays well-hydrated.
Check and scoop litter boxes daily.
Feeding a balanced diet with appropriate fiber levels.
Keeping them at a healthy weight.
Regular playtime and exercise to encourage movement.
Routine grooming, especially for long-haired cats, to minimize hairballs.

However, even if you're doing everything right, there still may be some occasions where your cat experiences constipation. Don't worry; it can happen to any cat. If you do notice any concerning changes in your cat's bowel movements or bathroom habits, it's always a good idea to get in touch with your veterinarian to check-in.

Working with your veterinarian and letting them know about any discomfort or straining your cat is experiencing can help them get any necessary treatment early, thus, avoiding worsening of constipation cases and expensive vet visits and potentially invasive procedures.

Love Languages of the Animal Kingdom: How Our Furry Friends Show Affection

Wed, 22 Jan 2025 18:17:00 GMT

Love, it turns out, isn’t a one-size-fits-all concept, even in the animal kingdom. As veterinarians, we have the privilege of witnessing the diverse and heartwarming ways animals express their affection. In honor of Valentine’s Day, we’re exploring the love languages of the animal kingdom and sharing some of the unique ways dogs and cats communicate their love and devotion. So, let’s journey into the delightful realms of tail wags, purrs, and everything in between.

What Are Love Languages?

Love languages , a concept popularized by Dr. Gary Chapman in his groundbreaking book The Five Love Languages , are a framework designed to understand and express emotional affection in human relationships. The premise is that individuals have distinct preferences for giving and receiving love, forming a unique “love language.” These languages encompass five main categories: Words of Affirmation, Acts of Service, Receiving Gifts, Quality Time, and Physical Touch.

The idea originated from Dr. Chapman’s extensive experience as a marriage counselor, where he observed recurring patterns in couples’ communication styles. The concept gained widespread recognition due to its universal applicability and has helped countless people navigate and enhance their interpersonal connections. Love languages provide a valuable tool for introspection, fostering better understanding and communication within relationships by acknowledging and respecting each partner’s preferred mode of affection.

Love is a language spoken by all creatures, transcending the boundaries of human interaction. Applying the concept of “love languages” to animals reveals expressions of affection that go beyond the obvious. The intricacies of how our furry friends, both canine and feline, convey their affection are remarkable!

The Canine Guide to Love

Physical Touch

Dogs express love through a myriad of physical gestures. From cuddles that can melt the toughest hearts to the joyous bounce of a playful nudge, our canine companions have an extensive repertoire. Belly rubs, ear scratches, and even leaning into your side are all manifestations of their love language.

Acts of Service

For dogs, actions truly speak louder than words. Acts of service, like fetching toys or bringing them to you, showcase their loyalty. Greeting you with unbridled excitement at the door and following you around like a shadow are unmistakable signs of a dog’s devotion. In their minds, protecting you is an act of service and a display of their commitment to your well-being.

Quality Time

Man’s best friend thrives on quality time . Whether it’s a leisurely walk, engaging playtime, or the simple joy of being in your presence, dogs revel in shared experiences and spending time with the people they love. Their eye contact during these moments speaks volumes, forging a deep connection that transcends verbal communication.

Words of Affirmation

While dogs may not understand human language, they certainly comprehend the nuances of vocal expressions. Pet names, excited exclamations, and the sheer delight of singing to them form a symphony of affirmation. In their world, your words are a source of comfort and assurance, reinforcing the bond you share. Your dog can’t tell you they love you, but their response to you verbally showing your love will definitely let you know.

Gifts

Dogs have a charming habit of bringing you gifts, albeit often unconventional ones. Sticks, socks, or even the occasional dead squirrel are offerings of their affection. These gifts may seem peculiar to us, but they signify a desire to share and connect in the canine realm.

Feline Expressions of Love

Physical Touch

Cats are known for their independent nature but still have subtle yet profound ways of expressing physical affection. Head butts, leg rubs, and the rhythmic kneading of their paws (affectionately known as making biscuits) are gestures of endearment. Tail wraps and gentle bites are intimate exchanges that convey a feline’s closeness, too.

Acts of Service

Contrary to popular belief, cats engage in acts of service as a form of love. Grooming you with delicate licks demonstrates care akin to maternal instincts. Sharing their catch, be it a dead bug or a tiny creature, is their way of providing for their human.

Quality Time

For cats, quality time involves serene moments of shared space. Napping on your lap, observing you from lofty perches, and discreetly following you are expressions of silent companionship. Their presence is a constant reminder of their love.

Words of Affirmation

Cats communicate with a sophisticated language of soft meows, chirps, trills, and rumbling purrs. The slow blink, an intimate gaze exchanged with trust, is a form of non-verbal affirmation. In their world, these subtle vocalizations convey a depth of emotion that transcends the need for explicit words.

Gifts

While cats may not fetch sticks like their canine counterparts, they have their own unique approach to gifting. From leaving a collection of toys at your feet to sharing their captured prey, these acts are expressions of generosity and trust.

Understanding Your Pet’s Love Language

Recognizing individual differences in how dogs and cats show love is essential. While dogs wear their hearts on their sleeves, cats can be more subtle. However, the subtlety of feline affection doesn’t diminish its authenticity. Understanding and respecting these differences enrich the human-animal relationship.

Showing your furry friend love in their preferred language requires keen observation and responsiveness. Dogs thrive on reciprocal gestures. Return their enthusiastic greetings and engage in shared activities to show them how much you care. If you have a cat, respect their boundaries while reciprocating affection, and be attuned to their unique cues.

Keep in mind that encouraging healthy and positive interactions with your furry valentine involves creating an environment that nurtures their well-being. Regular veterinary check-ups , balanced nutrition , and mental stimulation contribute to a happy relationship, and they’re an important part of showing your love for your beloved companion.

Conclusion

In understanding and celebrating our furry friends’ love languages, we embrace the beauty of diverse expressions of affection. Dogs and cats, with their distinct ways of communicating love, enrich our lives in immeasurable ways. As veterinarians, we advocate for understanding and appreciating these unique languages, fostering strong and loving bonds that endure all year round. Happy Valentine’s Day!

Why Your Pet Needs a Routine

Wed, 15 Jan 2025 16:03:00 GMT

Just like a lot of humans, pets thrive on structure, and a good, consistent routine is one of the simplest yet most impactful ways to support their overall health and well-being. A routine helps them feel safer in their environment, reduces feelings of stress and anxiety, and allows them to have their physical and emotional health needs taken care of in a predictable and consistent manner. Not to mention that it’s pretty cute for owners to see their dog or cat patiently waiting in front of their food bowl right at 5 o’clock waiting for dinner.

But, as you probably know, saying you're going to start sticking to a routine is a lot easier said than done. In this blog, we'll break down how structured routines can benefit you and your pet, as well as how you can create one tailored to your pet's unique needs to keep them happy and healthy no matter what life throws your way.

Why Routines Matter for Pets

Pets are creatures of habit, and their preference for routine is shown by their natural instincts. Think about it; animals in the wild rely on predictable cycles to know when to eat, rest, or stay alert to predators, so why wouldn’t our domesticated pets feel those same urges and instincts? While our pets don't face the same challenges and have their needs met in a different manner than wild animals do, they still benefit from a structured lifestyle that mimics conditions that their species have become accustomed to.

One of the greatest benefits of a schedule for pets is the effect it can have on their mental health. The predictability that a daily routine for dogs or cats brings can greatly reduce feelings of anxiety and stress, allowing them to feel more relaxed and less on edge throughout the day.

Pets that don't know what to expect from their day or know when their next meal or potty break is may become unsettled, leading to behavioral issues that stem from stress and anxiety like excessive barking or vocalizations, scratching, marking, or destructive chewing. On the flip side, pets that do have a sense of structure in their life have seen better outcomes for crate, obedience, and potty training, making routines and schedules something that comes highly recommended by professional trainers .

While pets may not perceive time in the same manner humans do – with research suggesting it may be experienced slower or faster for our animal companions– they still utilize environmental cues and their biological clock to help them anticipate key events in their day, like meal time or a walk.

Beyond the mental health benefits of routines for pets, consistency is also crucial for a dog or cat's physical health. Scheduled feeding times help regulate digestion and prevent issues like overeating or upset stomachs. Regular exercise keeps your pet fit and healthy, reducing the risk of obesity and related illnesses. And when you stick to a routine for veterinary care , grooming , and parasite prevention , you're actively supporting their long-term well-being, making putting your pet on a regular schedule a no-brainer.

Routines Are Great for Owners, Too!

The benefits of a routine for cats and dogs doesn't start and end with them – a solid routine for your pet can make your life easier as well!

With a set schedule, managing your time and ensuring your pet's needs are met throughout the day becomes a habit, and not something you need to stress about getting done. For example, knowing when your dog needs to go outside can reduce accidents in the house, while scheduled playtime can help channel their energy in positive ways. When you're already expecting to do these basic care tasks for your pet, you can better plan your own day and know exactly how much time you have available to dedicate to other things, like work, exercise , chores, and hobbies.

A predictable routine also strengthens the bond between you and your pet. When your pet knows they can count on you for meals, walks, and affection , their trust in you grows. And let's face it, few things are more rewarding than a happy, healthy pet who looks forward to spending time with you.

How to Get Your Pet Into a Routine

If you’ve ever tried to start a new schedule or work on forming new habits, like waking up early or going to the gym at a certain time, you’ll already know that establishing a routine takes time and patience, but the results can be so well worth the effort.

There will definitely be some challenges along the way, such as resistance to change or unexpected disruptions, but stay the course – once both you and your pet are used to the schedule, you’ll probably wonder how you ever functioned without it.

If you want to get your pet on a routine, start by identifying the main activities in your pet's day, such as feeding, bathroom breaks, exercise, and rest, and then, try to schedule these activities at the same times each day. It may take a little trial and error to figure out what works best for you and your pet, but stick with it and you and your pet will be on the same schedule in no time.

No matter what obstacles and challenges you face in getting your pet on a set schedule, just remember that consistency is key. Pets thrive when their schedule is predictable, so stick to the routine you set as closely as possible, even on weekends or days off.

With that being said, flexibility is also important. Life happens, and occasional deviations won't harm your pet as long as you return to the routine quickly. So if you have a social outing or are working late one night, consider adjusting the feeding and exercise times to fit your needs. For example, you can feed your pet a little earlier or later than usual, and ensure they get their exercise before or after your work hours. Your pet is a lot more adaptable than you'd think, so don’t be afraid to deviate from your usual routine if you need to for a day or two.

When introducing a new routine to your pet, the best strategy is to go slowly. Gradually introduce activities and timings to give them a chance to adjust to the new structure of their day. For older pets or those with special care needs, work with your veterinarian to make sure the routine is suitable and supportive of their health. For example, if you have an older cat with arthritis , you may need to be flexible with your scheduled playtime, as over doing it could do more harm than good, leaving your cat feeling tired and not at their best.

What to Include in Your Pet’s Daily Routine

Regular Feeding Times: Scheduled meals promote healthy digestion and prevent overfeeding . We highly recommend working with your veterinarian to determine what type of food and serving sizes will best support your pet’s overall health.
Exercise and Play: Physical activity keeps pets fit and helps manage their energy levels. Mental stimulation, like puzzle toys or training sessions, is equally important.
Bathroom Breaks: Regular bathroom breaks help prevent accidents and allow your dog to relieve themselves comfortably. Cats are a little different when it comes to bathroom routines and should have access to a clean litterbox at all times.
Grooming: Brushing, nail trims, and dental care should be part of the routine to keep your pet in tip-top shape. Staying on top of grooming tasks by making them part of your regular routine can keep your pet from getting matted fur, developing cavities, and experiencing the discomfort that comes with untrimmed nails.
Training and Socialization: Short, consistent training sessions reinforce good behavior, while socialization helps pets feel comfortable in different environments. Socialization doesn’t need to be an everyday thing, as it can be overwhelming for some pets, but pet owners should aim to fit it into their weekly schedule regularly.
Rest and Sleep: Pets need plenty of downtime to recharge. Make sure they have a quiet, comfortable place to rest. For dogs, this may be a crate or pen, and for cats, this may include a cat tower or comfortable bed or spot around the house.

Now that we’ve covered common elements of a pet’s schedule, let's break it down further for dogs and cats and take a look at what a daily routine for each might look like.

Dog Daily Routine

Morning Walk and Bathroom Break
Breakfast
Mid-Morning Activities
Midday Bathroom Break
Evening Walk and Playtime
Dinner
Training
Teeth Brushing and Grooming
Wind-Down Time
Bedtime Bathroom Break

But remember, every dog is different, and a routine that works for one family may not work for another due to a variety of reasons and even pet preferences. For example, some dogs may like to graze on food throughout the day instead of receiving meals at specific times. In these cases, it can be beneficial to not schedule multiple meals and instead plan out a designated time when you will refresh your dog's food and water supply so that their routine still allows for some consistency and predictability but ultimately caters to their existing eating habits and preferences.

Other considerations may need to be made based on your dog's age as well. For example, if you have a puppy or a senior dog that struggles with incontinence, it may be a good idea to schedule more frequent bathroom breaks to form good habits and keep accidents inside the house at bay.

Daily Routine for Cats

Cats are crepuscular creatures, meaning they are naturally most active during dawn and dusk. These twilight hours are ideal for engaging your cat in playtime, tapping into their natural hunting instincts. Cats actually thrive in routines similar to dogs: they enjoy meals, naps, and quality time with their favorite humans. So, plan a morning pounce or an evening zoomies session to make their day routine really hit the spot.

Morning Meal
Play Time
Morning Nap
Physical and Mental Stimulation
Dinner
Litterbox Maintenance
Grooming and Nail Maintenance
Evening Playtime
Nighttime Routine and Winding Down

As with dogs, this schedule is likely to change based on what works for your cat and your household. This is especially true if you’re like hundreds of other cat parents and have a multi-cat household . Caring for multiple cats at once can be time-consuming, so don’t be afraid to prioritize your cat’s most pressing needs when building out your schedule. For example, if your cats love chasing each other around the house and occupying themselves, you may not need to include multiple times for play in your schedule, as the cats may handle it themselves and play when they feel like it.

Bird Flu and Cats: What Every Pet Owner Needs to Know

Tue, 14 Jan 2025 15:49:00 GMT

Bird flu, also known as avian influenza, has been making headlines due to its impact on wild birds, poultry, and even mammals. While it’s typically associated with birds, recent cases have raised concerns about its potential effects on our pets. Particularly cats. This evolving situation has left many pet owners wondering: Is my cat at risk?

While the likelihood of your cat contracting bird flu is low, it’s not impossible. Cats can become infected through contact with infected birds, contaminated environments, or even raw poultry. In some cases, infections in cats have been severe. That’s why it’s important to understand the virus and know how to protect our pets.

Join us as we discuss everything you need to know about bird flu and cats.

What Is Bird Flu and Why Should Pet Owners Care?

Let’s start with the basics… what actually is the bird flu? Much like the seasonal flu we are familiar with, bird flu refers to a group of influenza viruses . These viruses, however, typically target wild birds. Bird flu isn’t new— its first recorded description dates back to 1878 in northern Italy, when it was identified as a highly contagious and deadly disease in poultry, known at the time as “fowl plague.” Fast forward to the mid-20th century, scientists confirmed it was caused by a type A influenza virus, and its potential to impact other species became more apparent.

The current strain, H5N1, has drawn special attention because it spreads more easily than previous strains, increasing its potential impact. While birds are the primary hosts, it doesn’t always stop there. The virus has shown the ability to jump species, affecting mammals, including our feline friends (both big and small cats), and even humans in rare cases.

Understanding how this virus spreads and staying vigilant can make all the difference in keeping our pets safe, healthy, and out of harm’s way.

So, Can Cats Really Get Bird Flu?

Yes, while it’s rare, cats can contract bird flu. For our understanding as pet parents, this means that although H5N1 primarily targets birds, it can potentially infect cats under certain conditions. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) , most reported cases in cats occur through contact with infected birds, their droppings, or contaminated environments like places where curious or outdoor cats might explore. Because of this, outdoor cats, in particular, who enjoy exploring or hunting, are at a higher risk of exposure. This makes supervision and preventive measures crucial for reducing the risk.

Although infections in cats are uncommon, bird flu can be severe when it does occur. It may cause significant respiratory distress and, in some cases, can be fatal. Fortunately, the likelihood of a cat transmitting bird flu to humans is extremely low. Even so, it’s always a good idea to take precautions to protect both our pets and ourselves.

How to Protect Your Cat and Yourself from Bird Flu

While the risk of bird flu spreading from cats to humans is extremely low, staying alert and taking preventive steps are important to keep our pets and ourselves safe. As Benjamin Anderson, an infectious disease epidemiologist at the University of Florida, explains , “There’s no need to panic—it’s just about being aware.” If you have concerns about your pet's risk or exposure, make an appointment with your veterinarian to discuss your pet's best preventative care.

7 Easy Steps to Keep Yourself and Your Cat Safe:

Keep Cats Indoors: Limiting outdoor access minimizes their chances of encountering infected birds, contaminated environments, or rodents. This is especially important if you live near backyard poultry or farms.
Supervise Outdoor Time: If your cat does go outside, make sure they’re not interacting with wild birds (dead or alive) or scavenging. Close supervision helps prevent risky behaviors.
Avoid Feeding Raw Meat: Feeding raw or undercooked poultry or game meat can expose pets to the virus. Outbreaks have been linked to contaminated raw pet food, leading to recalls and severe outcomes for cats and dogs. “Freeze dried” raw can still be contaminated as freezing does not kill the virus.
Reduce Exposure to Wild Birds: Avoid attracting wild birds to your yard, and regularly clean any areas where birds may gather, such as feeders.
Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently, especially after handling your pet or cleaning their living spaces. Keeping your cat’s environment clean helps remove potential contaminants. Leave your shoes at the door!
Watch for Signs of Illness: Bird flu in pets can cause respiratory symptoms or mimic neurological conditions like rabies. Causing behaviors like circling or acting strangely . If you notice any unusual symptoms, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Stay Informed: Keep an eye on local outbreaks of bird flu and follow advice from your veterinarian. Awareness is the best preventative.

Taking these steps can go a long way in keeping your cat healthy and reducing any risks to your home and community!

Recognizing the Signs of Bird Flu in Cats

If your cat contracts bird flu, the symptoms can vary but are often serious. Knowing what to look for is crucial so you can act quickly and seek veterinary care.

Common signs of bird flu in cats include:

Respiratory Distress: Difficulty breathing or persistent coughing.
Neurological Signs: Unusual behaviors such as ataxia (loss of coordination), circling, tremors, seizures, or even sudden blindness.
Lethargy and Weakness: A noticeable lack of energy or not doing normal activities.
Fever : Elevated body temperature, which may make your cat seem more sluggish or uncomfortable.
Vomiting or Diarrhea: Gastrointestinal upset that is unusual for your cat.
Loss of Appetite: A refusal to eat or drink, which can lead to dehydration and further complications.
- Remember, cats are not like dogs and can not go days without eating.

Contact your veterinarian immediately if your cat displays any of these symptoms, especially if they’ve been near wild birds or a potentially contaminated environment. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to improving your cat’s chances of recovery. Acting quickly can make all the difference for your pet.

What to Do If You Suspect Your Cat Has Bird Flu

If you think your cat may have been exposed to bird flu or is showing symptoms, here are the steps you should take to ensure the safety of your pet, family, and other animals:

Call Your Veterinary Clinic First: Contact your veterinarian to describe any symptoms before bringing your cat in. This allows the team to prepare and take necessary precautions.
Isolate Your Cat: Keep your cat separated from other pets and family members until they can be seen by a veterinarian.
Use Protective Measures: When handling your cat, wear gloves and a mask, and wash your hands thoroughly afterward to minimize the risk of spreading the virus.
Monitor for Illness: Keep an eye on other pets, family members, and anyone else who may have been exposed to your cat for signs of illness. Report any human symptoms to your local public health officials.
Follow CDC Guidelines: Protect yourself and others by following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations .
Veterinary Testing and Care: Your veterinarian may recommend tests to confirm H5N1 infection and provide supportive care to manage symptoms, as cats have no direct cure for bird flu.

Keeping the Flu Back in the Nest

While bird flu may be a generally rare concern for our pets, it isn’t impossible. Staying informed and taking simple precautions can go a long way in protecting ourselves and our felines.

Backyard Birds and the Bird Flu

Do you own chickens or ducks? Here is a great article on how to keep them safe , too!

Remember, knowledge is the first step to prevention, and with the right care, we can continue to maintain our pet's health and happiness. If you ever have concerns or questions, don’t hesitate to reach out to your veterinary team. They’re here to support you and your pets every step of the way!

Vaccinology 101: Understanding the Reasoning Behind Your Veterinarian’s Recommendations for Dog Vaccinations

Wed, 18 Dec 2024 18:34:00 GMT

Vaccines have saved more lives than any other medical advancement. However, there has been a recent pushback in human and animal vaccine acceptance – known as “vaccine hesitancy.” This term refers to the reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccines. In fact, according to research from Boston University , nearly “40% of respondents believed that canine vaccines are unsafe, more than 20% believed these vaccines are ineffective, and 30% considered them to be medically unnecessary.”

Vaccines are one of the strongest medications our dogs (or cats or us) can receive . They should be selected carefully with appropriate timing to receive the greatest benefit and minimize risks. Understanding how vaccines work is essential in this process.

It is important to know what vaccines can do and what they cannot do – in other words, how the immune system works and responds to vaccines. You also need to know how vaccines work, which vaccines are appropriate for your pet’s lifestyle, how to select the right vaccines, and how vaccines should be handled and administered. Vaccines are one of many important components in preventing infectious disease, and with vaccine hesitancy growing in many communities – including the pet owner community – it’s more important than ever for pet owners to understand vaccinology and the reasoning behind the recommendations and plans veterinarians create for our pets.

The 4 Types of Veterinary Vaccines

There are four general kinds of vaccines: modified live (attenuated), inactivated (killed), recombinant immunizing agents, and toxoid.

In a modified live vaccine, the disease-causing organism is altered and weakened so it can be administered to a patient, creating an immune response but not causing disease.
A killed vaccine contains only bacteria or viruses that are dead, allowing the immune system to see and create immunity but not cause disease.
Recombinant agents are made of a live attenuated (weakened) viral or bacterial strain used as a vector to carry the gene or genes encoding the desired vaccine antigens.
Toxoids protect against the toxin produced by the offending bacteria.

One final way to classify vaccines is whether they are to protect against viral diseases or bacterial diseases, called bacterins.

Tools for Determining the Best Vaccination Schedule for Dogs & Puppies

Puppies are born with a "naive" immune system, meaning they have little immunity to viruses and bacteria. Their initial immunity comes from their mother's colostrum, which they need to receive within the first 24 hours. If they don’t get enough colostrum, they risk "failure of passive immunity," making them vulnerable to illness. If necessary, colostrum, plasma, or serum from donor dogs can be administered to boost immunity. Excess colostrum can be collected and stored for up to a year. Plasma or serum can be sourced from a healthy, hyperimmunized dog. The standard dose for plasma is 16 cc per pup and can be given via feeding tube, subcutaneously, or intravenously within 24 hours of thawing.

Pups that have received adequate amounts of colostrum when under 24 hours old will have immunity to what their mothers are immune to – this is called “passive” immunity. As pups mature, the maternal antibodies slowly degrade. As the antibodies drop, the pup’s immune system can begin to mount its own response – this is called “active” immunity.

The challenge in vaccinating puppies is timing the administration so their immune systems can produce antibodies before exposure to serious diseases. Dr. Ron Schulz and Dr. Laurie Larsen created a nomogram to help determine this timing. A puppy’s immunity decreases by 50% every two weeks from birth, and higher maternal antibodies prolong immunity, delaying vaccination. Since blood testing every puppy isn’t practical, a series of vaccinations is typically administered to increase the chances that maternal antibodies will want and allow the puppy to develop active immunity.

Titers & Nomograms

Some breeders prefer to use a nomogram to give a series of vaccines to their pups. The advantage of using a nomogram is that the pups can receive fewer vaccines, reducing potential adverse reactions to “too many” vaccines. The disadvantages are the cost of the test and that you are assuming that all the pups in the litter received the same amount of colostrum and were able to absorb it. The reality is that not all pups in all litters receive protective amounts of colostrum. This can occur if a pup is weak and an ineffective nurser if the pup is pushed off a good spot at the nursing bar, if the pup is born late in a large litter and misses out on the good stuff, and so on.

The cost is usually under $200 to test the dam. Should you decide to do a nomogram, the blood should not be collected in the two weeks prior to or just after whelping as the antibodies in the blood at this time will be artificially low, because they were all sequestered in the mammary glands for the pups.

The University of Wisconsin Veterinary Immunology Department CAVID lab is where we recommend you submit samples for titers. You can complete your submission using this form .

Veterinary & Health History

This may seem simple, but your puppy’s veterinary and health history are crucial elements that can help determine the best and most effective vaccination schedule for your puppy. Some health complications or illnesses can change what your veterinarian would recommend for dog vaccines, so it’s important to work closely with them to ensure your dog’s age, health, and lifestyle are taken into account when creating a vaccination plan.

For example, there are times when vaccines may not be a good idea for your dog, either temporarily or permanently. Temporary pauses would include pregnancy, short-term medication use, or illnesses. Permanent pauses would include patients suffering from immune-mediated diseases such as Auto-immune hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenia, sterile meningitis, lupus, and immune-mediated polyarthritis. Be sure to give a complete medical history prior to anyone administering vaccines to your dog.

Remember, vaccines are one of the strongest medications you can give to your dog. Avoid low-cost vaccine clinics, going to a veterinary clinic that does not know or have your dog’s entire medical history, or “do it yourself” vaccines if your dog has any medical condition that could put them at risk of an adverse vaccine reaction.

How Many Vaccines Do Puppies Need?

Puppies need a series of vaccines when young to mount an adequate protective vaccine response. Since most of us don’t do titers on each pup in the litter, we need to repeatedly expose the pups to the antigens, the proteins that allow the immune system to develop antibodies. By starting to vaccinate between 6 and 8 weeks of age, and repeatedly administering vaccines till the pups are 18 to 20 weeks old, we can give our pups protection. Somewhere in the 6-week to 20-week age range, almost every pup will have their maternal antibodies bottom out and be exposed to the vaccine antigens, producing their own active immunity. If you start vaccinating too late or stop too early, you are putting your pups at risk of being exposed to a disease they are not prepared to fight off.

Why Dogs Need Boosters

Over time, even pups with competent immune systems will have their antibody levels wane. For this reason, we need to booster our adult dogs. In general, we booster young adults approximately one year after they complete their vaccine series for appropriate lifestyle and core-based diseases. After the 15-month age, we booster for some diseases annually and tri-annually. In general, bacterial diseases need annual boosters (Leptospirosis, Lyme disease, Bordetella), and viral diseases need tri-annual boosters (Rabies, Distemper, Adenovirus, Parvovirus, Parainfluenza virus). Distemper, Parvovirus, and Adenovirus are the only viral diseases routinely titered for in dogs. The Leptospirosis test is used to diagnose exposure to the disease, not to determine if a booster vaccine is indicated.

What Happens If You Don’t Vaccinate Your Dog?

When puppies aren’t vaccinated, or miss key, core vaccinations, they become vulnerable to a number of diseases that are completely preventable.

In addition to the health consequences for your puppy, you, as the owner, could also be on the hook for legal consequences in your area if you fail to administer certain vaccinations to your pup. For example, most states have requirements in place for all pets to regularly receive a rabies vaccination and register with the state. Failing to comply could result in fines and other penalties.

Vaccination Failures: When Things Don’t Go According to Plan

Most pups will mount an adequate immune response to a series of 2 vaccines administered 2 to 4 weeks apart. The 1st vaccination a pup or adult dog receives will allow the pup’s immune system to see a foreign protein and start the formation of antibodies. The 2nd and additional vaccines, or boosters, will create a stronger immune response, called an anamnestic response. Patients with a healthy immune system will have a memory of these vaccines, sometimes lasting a lifetime.

It is important to understand that administering the booster in less than 14 days from the 1st vaccination can do more harm than good. The immune system needs at least 2 weeks to respond to an additional vaccine. Administering a booster in less time can suppress the immune system. Keep good records and work with veterinary professionals who follow these guidelines.

After the 1st series of Distemper and Parvovirus vaccines are administered, you can assess the pup’s response to the vaccine by following the last vaccine with a blood test called a titer. A nomogram is a titer interpreted for use to predict when pups will respond to their 1st vaccines for Distemper, Parvovirus, and Adenovirus. A titer is the same blood test but used to assess an individual dog’s response to these vaccines.

Some breeds and some individuals within a breed (up to 10%) may not respond adequately to a vaccine. These include Rottweilers, Dobermans, and some of the Bullie Breeds. Knowing this failure to respond to vaccines will allow the owners to request additional vaccines be administered to these patients. Often, changing the manufacturer of the vaccine and repeating the titer will allow for these low or no-responders to safely interact with other dogs. Should you have a dog or line of dogs who do not adequately respond to vaccines, you need to be extra vigilant to protect these dogs.

Although titers can be run to assess vaccine responses to rabies vaccines, most states and municipalities will not accept a protective titer as an alternative to rabies vaccines. While it is possible that many dogs have protection for longer than 3 years, the 3-year interval is still required to have a dog considered vaccinated. Only in rare circumstances would it be recommended that you use a titer as an alternative to triannual rabies boosters. Don’t take a chance. Rabies vaccines for our dogs are as much for protecting human health as for canine health.

Working With Your Veterinarian to Make Dog Vaccinations Make Sense

Vaccinating your dog is one of the most effective strategies for ensuring a long and healthy life while simultaneously safeguarding the wider community of pets and humans. Although vaccine schedules and types may at first be confusing or difficult to understand, working closely with your dog's veterinarian to develop a customized vaccination plan that considers your dog's age, lifestyle, and health status is the best course of action for safeguarding your dog against preventable disease. As with any medical treatments and preventatives, there can be side effects associated with dog vaccinations; however, they are typically uncommon, and the protective advantages of vaccinations significantly surpass these potential risks.

Taking a proactive role in your dog's preventive care through vaccinations not only reduces the chance of disease but also contributes to a healthy pet population -- which is a good thing for everyone.

But this isn't everything a dog owner needs in order to properly navigate the world of pet vaccinations. In the next part of our series on pet vaccinations, we're covering vaccination schedules and the differences between core and non-core vaccinations to help you understand what vaccinations your dog really needs, and when they need to get them.

For The Love of Dog, Train Your Dog!

Wed, 18 Dec 2024 17:51:00 GMT

Dog owners, I say this from the most loving place in my heart: for the love of dog, train your dog .

You see, I feel like I reserve the right to say this to you because I definitely needed my own advice several years ago; heck, I needed this advice even months ago. I've spent my adulthood adopting, fostering, and caring for dogs in a large capacity, and now caring for animals is my career. I've seen it all, I've said it all; I wish someone would have stopped me and shaken some sense into me when I chose this journey. Now, I get to live with the repercussions of not training my dogs, and I am working backward. And throughout this process, I've learned that the importance of dog training cannot be understated.

I’m starting with my most recently adopted puppy . When she came into my life, something clicked, and I realized that if I wanted this to work, I’d need to put the time and energy into training my dog. Not just for potty training or cute tricks—if I wanted to be successful, I needed a professional. As I work through the journey of not only training my puppy but also retraining my adult dogs, I realize that if we want to live in harmony, we need to put in the work—something I wish I’d done from day one!

Is Dog Training Worth It?

My answer is always going to be yes. Learn from my story and make training your dog a priority right from the start.

Dog training is one of the best investments you can make for a happier, healthier, and more harmonious relationship with your furry friend. While it may take time, patience, and resources, the benefits of training far outweigh any challenges. Here are a few reasons why dog training is so worth it:

Enhances the bond and communication between you and your dog
Increases safety for your dog in and out of the house
Reduces the development of behavioral issues
Can help improve socialization and attitude toward other dogs and people
Builds a well-behaved pet for life

There are a few essential forms of training I recommend for all owners to start with their dogs as soon as possible. So let’s get started and cover the basics, so you can start your relationship with your dog off on the right paw and put obedience at the center of your relationship.

Crate Training Your Dog: A Must-Do

DO IT! Why? I have about 583 reasons why crate training your dog is so important , but I will save you time and give you the basics.

Relationship Building

I know you think that your super cute, snuggly puppy needs to have you close to sleep through the night, but that is far from the truth. Crate training your dog is such an important process that helps your puppy or new family member feel safe and secure when you are not around and/or when you can't keep your eyes on them during times of rest or work. Not crate training your puppy can teach them behaviors like separation anxiety and destruction, but crate training your dog can help you set boundaries and be the foundation of training. Of course, the first few nights, your new sweet baby angel is going to sleep through the night, snuggle up next to you, and give you those cute puppy eyes. Slowly, as they grow and become comfortable with their surroundings, they gain the confidence to explore, and that can eventually lead to disaster.

Safety

Some people view crates as "putting their dog in a cage," but I promise you, if you start training your dog to use a crate from day one, you will quickly learn that your dog doesn't see it that way.

Dogs are den animals; they like to have a safe and quiet place to retreat to and call their own. Whether you are leaving for work or just a quick trip to the store, train your dog to go into their crate. Our homes are full of hazardous things, and even the best "puppy-proofed" home still has risks. Maybe you adopted a chihuahua and your concern isn't what they will eat or chew on while you are away, but the risk of them hurting themselves is far greater than just things they can ingest. Remember that photo of you and your dad from your childhood you thought was safe on the nightstand? Oh wait, that was my dog and my photo, and guess what? I'll never get that back. Not to mention many pairs of Coach boots my puppy ate, and the vet bill to go along with it because I wasn't sure how much he had eaten. That was RUFF!

Being Prepared for Emergencies

The importance of dog training extends beyond the everyday—it’s invaluable during life’s unexpected moments.

None of us can plan for an emergency but you can prepare your precious pup so when an emergency inevitably happens, your dog doesn't have to pay the price. Having your dog comfortable with the idea of being in a kennel could benefit in the simplest emergencies like an unexpected guest, a major life event that requires boarding, or even unexpected travel that requires your pet to travel safely in a crate on a plane.

Leash Training Your Dog

Even if you never ever plan to walk your dog, please train your dog to walk on a leash. There are so many situations you will find yourself in if your dog is not trained on a leash. It baffles me the number of dogs that come into rescue that act like they've never even seen a leash before. It makes it so difficult to manage their safety, and it's one more thing that we, as rescuers, have to hurdle when helping a dog adjust to its new living situation.

I am also shocked, on a pretty frequent basis, by how many people just let their dog run into the vet clinic without proper restraint. Training your dog to properly walk on a leash is going to be the beginning foundation of all of your puppy/dog training.

Training Your Dog for Boundaries

Teaching your dog or puppy boundaries is such an important part of a successful relationship between you and your dog. In a perfect world, you'd get your new furry family member, and they would understand your words without hesitation, but the reality is that's just not possible.

It is your job to kindly teach your dog what you want (or don't want) from them. This can be done with positive rewards such as treats or affection when the appropriate behavior is displayed. It's recommended to use one word or short phrases such as "out" or "leave it" to correct the behavior and reward them when they follow your redirection. This will help their brain quickly identify your desired actions and aid with weeding out the less desired ones. This can be used for various unwanted behaviors such as unnecessary barking, humping, chewing on objects you don't want them to, etc. Teaching your dog about the things that you don't want them to do ultimately comes down to having the ability to help your dog avoid situations or things that are not safe for them.

Finding a Trainer to Help Train Your Dog

Depending on your situation, training your dog on your own isn’t always the best choice – for you or your pup. That’s where a professional dog trainer can be invaluable. When searching for a dog trainer, we suggest a few key points for picking the proper one for your most beloved family member.

Look for a Dog Trainer with Experience

Finding a trainer who has a great deal of experience is going to likely be more beneficial than finding someone who is a "self-acclaimed" dog trainer. If you have a specific breed, finding a trainer who has experience with your specific breed of dog is going to be beneficial. For example, if you've just adopted a dog that is a working breed, finding a dog trainer with experience with working breeds is going to be a really good choice.

Read Reviews and Get Referrals

Read the Google and social media reviews for the trainer you are planning to use. You should see success stories, not things that concern you; of course, everyone has their own opinions, but a good trainer is going to have a lot of people supporting them. Ask your friends and family who they recommend. You should be able to trust the person training or helping you train your dog. Never ever leave your dog with someone you don't trust.

Your veterinarian can be a great resource for getting in touch with reputable and effective dog trainers in your area. For example, I have personal experience with Elite Obedience , a Kansas-based training program that has trainers who work in Ankeny, Iowa. For my patients in the Des Moines Metro area, I highly recommend checking them using their services. You can also see their Facebook page here and read all the reviews and success stories that highlight their experience and expertise.

Ensure Your Values Align

It's important that your values align with your dog trainer and that you are both working to accomplish the same goal together. There are a million different choices for training, whether you are looking for something with strictly positive rewards or more serious training for specific results. Everyone has their own opinions on what is right and wrong, and it's up to you to decide if the training classes you are attending are getting you the results you desire. Training your dog should never injure your dog or cause undue pain.

Having a dog is not only the greatest privilege but also a huge responsibility. All in all, it comes down to you being willing to sacrifice time and energy to help support and mold them into the good citizens they should be.

Smart Pet Technology: A Guide to Modern Pet Care

Wed, 11 Dec 2024 16:07:00 GMT

The accessibility and advancement of smartphones and computers and every kind of tech in between have transformed our lives completely. Everything from how we keep in touch with family and friends to the way we track and monitor our pets' health and daily activities can now be done through some smart device – and for pet owners everywhere, it's become life-changing, adding a new perspective to keeping up with their pet's health and care needs .

From smart collars to AI-powered feeding systems, these innovative tools cover just about every avenue of pet care you can think of and can become even more powerful when the insights gained from this tech are regularly shared with your veterinarian. If you're considering a high-tech solution for your furry friend, keep reading to explore some of the most popular options available today.

Smart Collars

Smart collars do far more than display identification tags. Advanced GPS tracking provides real-time location data to provide peace of mind if your pet ever wanders off. More impressively, some devices monitor vital signs, including heart rate, respiratory rate, and activity levels. Some models can even detect excessive scratching or licking, potentially alerting you to skin issues or anxiety behaviors before they become serious problems.

Pet Cameras

Cameras with two-way audio have revolutionized how we interact with our pets while away. And the best part is that some of these systems do more than just show live video. They can dispense treats, play music, and even alert you to unusual behaviors. AI-powered features can even distinguish between normal activity and potential problems and instantly notify you if something seems amiss. It’s almost as good as having a pet setter keeping an eye on your four-legged family member while you’re away.

Automatic Feeders

Automatic smart feeders have transformed mealtime management . These devices measure exact portions, maintain regular feeding schedules, and even identify which pet is eating from the bowl. Many models come with collars that ensure only a particular pet can access the feeder. Some even work with a pet’s existing microchip. For homes with multiple pets or animals on prescription diets, these feeders ensure each pet receives the correct amount and type of food. They can help with weight management , too.

Digital Health Tracking

Pet health monitoring platforms are invaluable tools for managing chronic conditions and staying on top of preventive care. These systems store vaccination records, track medication schedules, generate detailed health reports, and more. They deliver vital information to your smartphone, and some systems can send information directly to your pet’s veterinarian.

For cats, some smart litter boxes act as health tracking devices linked to your phone, with some having features that detect and track changes that may indicate a health condition like UTI, kidney disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, and obesity that let you know it's time to take a trip to the vet for an official diagnosis.

Water Consumption Monitoring

Many pets — especially cats — don’t drink as much water as they should. Smart water fountains make it easier to determine whether your furry friend is staying properly hydrated. These devices measure water intake, maintain optimal water quality through advanced filtration, and alert owners to changes in drinking patterns. Since changes in water consumption often signal underlying health issues, this information can aid in early disease detection.

Automated Play and Exercise

Just like people, pets need regular exercise to maintain both physical and mental health. Unfortunately, many well-meaning pet parents simply don’t have the time or energy to provide as much exercise as their companions need. With automated play systems, you can keep your pet active even when you’re busy. Some devices use lasers or moving toys to encourage exercise, while others launch balls or dispense treats to prevent boredom and promote activity.

Restful Sleep

With a smart pet bed , you can set the perfect temperature to help your canine companion or feline friend get a great night’s sleep. Some even feature massagers, speakers, and even a camera that lets you check in in your pet while they snooze.

The Benefits of Integrated Pet Technology

When these technologies work together, they can be used to form a comprehensive picture of your pet’s health while giving your furry friend the best life possible. For example, a smart collar might detect increased heart rate during rest, while the water fountain shows increased drinking, and the activity monitor reveals reduced movement. This combined data makes it easier to detect — and seek veterinary care for — potential health problems as early as possible.

Finding the Right Balance

While these technologies offer incredible insights, they work best as part of a comprehensive healthcare strategy. In other words, they aren’t meant to be an alternative to scheduling regular appointments with your pet’s veterinarian. The data they provide enhances, rather than replaces, regular veterinary care. Think of these tools as an early warning system that helps identify potential problems between check-ups.

Making Technology Work for You

Thinking about investing in smart technology for your furry friends but not sure where to start? Start by identifying your specific needs. If you’re concerned about your pet’s activity level, begin with a smart collar. If feeding schedules are challenging, a smart feeder might be your best first investment. Then, consider incorporating other technology into your pet’s routine as appropriate. Remember that any device is only as useful as the attention you pay to its data.

The Future of Veterinary Care

The integration of smart technology in pet care marks an exciting advancement in veterinary medicine. These tools provide unprecedented insights into our pets’ health and behavior patterns, allowing for more proactive and personalized care approaches. Through careful monitoring and data analysis, we can often identify and address health issues before they become serious problems. Plus, many of these products are designed to enhance comfort. Whether it’s a bed that warms up automatically or a water fountain with filters to ensure fresh, clean water every time your furry friend takes a slurp, technology benefits pets in many ways.

Ready to explore how smart pet technology can enhance your pet’s life and healthcare routine? Schedule an appointment with your veterinarian to discuss which devices might benefit your pet’s specific needs. They can help you develop a care plan that combines traditional veterinary medicine with innovative monitoring tools and other high-tech solutions. Get started today to take the first step toward embracing a smarter approach to your pet’s health!

Can My Dog or Cat Take Human Medication?

Tue, 26 Nov 2024 15:57:00 GMT

As a veterinarian, I often hear questions from concerned pet parents about whether they can give their dog or cat human medications . It’s understandable—when a pet seems uncomfortable, we naturally want to help them feel better as fast as possible. However, reaching for a common over-the-counter (OTC) pain reliever or allergy medication could do more harm than good. Many medications formulated for humans can be toxic, even fatal, to pets. Here’s a look at why human meds and pets don’t mix, a list of common household medications that pose risks, and what to do if your pet accidentally ingests something toxic directly from a veterinarian.

Why Human Medications Are Dangerous for Pets

Pets metabolize drugs differently than humans . Dogs and cats lack certain enzymes that break down specific drugs, so even a small dose of something like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil) can lead to severe health issues. Unlike people, animals are more sensitive to the effects of these medications and may suffer organ damage, neurological issues, or other life-threatening complications.

Did you know? Each year, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center receives over 200,000 calls , with nearly one-quarter involving pets who accidentally consumed human medications. Pet Poison Helpline reported a 51% increase in call volume from 2020 to 2021.

Common Human Medications That Are Toxic to Pets

While many human medications may seem harmless, even a single dose can have serious, sometimes fatal consequences for dogs and cats . Here’s a breakdown of common over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications that pose a risk to pets, along with why they’re dangerous and additional facts that every pet parent should know.

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medications

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
Ibuprofen is especially dangerous because it can cause severe kidney damage, stomach ulcers, and gastrointestinal bleeding in pets. Even one tablet can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, and in some cases, fatal kidney failure, particularly in cats, who are extremely sensitive.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) – Extremely Toxic to Cats; Dangerous for Dogs
Acetaminophen affects cats and dogs differently. In cats, it can destroy red blood cells, leading to a condition called methemoglobinemia, which prevents the blood from carrying oxygen properly. Even a small amount can be lethal for cats. In dogs, acetaminophen can cause liver damage and gastrointestinal distress, with severe cases leading to liver failure.
Naproxen (Aleve) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
Naproxen is highly toxic to both species and can cause gastrointestinal ulcers, kidney failure, and central nervous system damage. The narrow margin of safety means that even a small dose can have life-threatening effects. Symptoms of toxicity include vomiting, loss of appetite, lethargy, and, in severe cases, seizures.
Aspirin – Potentially Toxic to Dogs and Cats
Although aspirin is sometimes prescribed for dogs, it should never be given without veterinary supervision. Unregulated doses can lead to stomach ulcers, blood clotting disorders, and kidney damage, especially in cats, who are more sensitive. Prolonged use in dogs can also result in liver and kidney damage.
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
As a stimulant, pseudoephedrine can cause rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, and hyperactivity in pets. In higher doses, it can lead to life-threatening symptoms such as seizures and heart arrhythmias. Even small amounts of pseudoephedrine can be harmful to both dogs and cats.

Prescription Medications

Antidepressants (e.g., Zoloft, Prozac) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
Antidepressants can lead to serotonin syndrome in pets, a condition that causes symptoms like agitation, increased heart rate, tremors, and seizures. Cats are particularly sensitive to these medications and may show signs of vomiting, lethargy, and coordination issues.
ADD/ADHD Medications (Adderall, Ritalin) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
These medications contain stimulants, such as amphetamines, which can cause severe agitation, tremors, high body temperature, and even cardiac arrest in pets.
Blood Pressure Medications (e.g., beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
Blood pressure medications like beta-blockers can cause life-threatening drops in blood pressure and heart rate in pets. ACE inhibitors are somewhat safer but still need close veterinary supervision if prescribed. Symptoms of toxicity include weakness, dizziness, and in severe cases, fainting and shock.
Muscle Relaxants (e.g., Baclofen, Flexeril) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
Muscle relaxants depress the central nervous system , leading to lethargy, loss of coordination, respiratory distress, and even paralysis. Baclofen, in particular, is extremely dangerous for dogs and can lead to life-threatening respiratory depression and seizures. Cats are also highly sensitive to muscle relaxants, often requiring emergency treatment if exposed.
Diabetes Medications (e.g., Metformin, Glipizide) – Toxic to Dogs and Cats
Diabetes medications can cause dangerously low blood sugar in pets, resulting in symptoms like seizures, tremors, and extreme lethargy. Hypoglycemia, if untreated, can lead to coma or even death. Cats and smaller dogs are especially vulnerable to these medications due to their smaller body sizes.

Frequently Asked Questions: Human Medications and Pets

Many pet owners wonder if giving a tiny dose of Tylenol or Advil might help when their dog or cat seems uncomfortable. However, even small amounts of these medications can be toxic, particularly for cats. Always consult your veterinarian first—there are safer alternatives they can recommend based on your pet’s specific needs. Another common question is whether human allergy medications are safe for pets. While some antihistamines, like Benadryl, are occasionally prescribed for pets, they should only be given under veterinary guidance. Dosing is critical, and certain varieties, especially those combined with decongestants, are unsafe for animals.

When it comes to prescription painkillers like Tramadol, it’s important never to share these with pets. Pain management for animals requires carefully dosed, specially formulated medications that minimize side effects and are safer for their systems. Cats, in particular, are highly sensitive to human medications due to differences in metabolism; they lack certain liver enzymes needed to break down drugs. This makes them especially vulnerable to medications such as painkillers, antidepressants, and some antibiotics that are safe for humans but potentially dangerous for our feline friends.

My Pet Ingested Human Medication, Now What?

Signs and Symptoms of Medication Toxicity in Pets

If your pet accidentally ingests human medication, spotting the signs of toxicity early can be lifesaving. Depending on the type of medication, symptoms may vary but often include vomiting, drooling, lethargy, loss of coordination, and even tremors or seizures. For example, pain relievers like ibuprofen can cause stomach upset and, in severe cases, kidney damage, leading to extreme fatigue and changes in drinking habits. Stimulant medications, such as those for ADHD, might cause hyperactivity, elevated heart rate, and tremors. Knowing what to watch for can help you act quickly and seek immediate veterinary care if needed.

What to Do If Your Pet Ingests Human Medication

If you suspect that your pet has consumed any human medication, it’s imperative to act quickly.

Stay Calm and Assess the Situation: Take a deep breath and try to figure out exactly what your pet may have ingested and how much.
Contact Your Veterinarian or an Emergency Vet Immediately: Provide as much information as possible, including the medication name, dosage, and your pet’s approximate weight. If your vet’s office is closed, call a 24-hour emergency animal hospital, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center , or the Pet Poison Helpline .
Avoid Home Remedies Unless Directed by a Professional: Some internet solutions, like making your pet vomit, can be dangerous, especially with medications that may cause severe irritation to the stomach or throat.
Bring the Medication Package to the Vet: If you have the original packaging, take it with you. The more information the vet has, the faster and more accurately they can treat your pet.

Pro Tip: Keep all medications out of reach of pets and store them in a secure place. Animals are naturally curious, and some pills have a sweet coating that may tempt them!

Creating a Safe Environment for Your Pets

One of the best ways to keep your pets safe from accidental medication ingestion is by pet-proofing your home just as you would for a child. Store all medications in high, locked cabinets, and be mindful when taking pills around pets, as they may try to grab anything dropped on the floor. By taking these precautions, you can reduce the risk of accidental exposure and keep your pets out of harm's way.

Final Thoughts: Human Medications Aren’t Made for Pets

As pet parents, our priority is to help our animals live healthy, comfortable lives. While it may be tempting to reach for a quick fix in our medicine cabinet, human medications pose serious risks to pets. Always consult your veterinarian before giving your pet any medication, as they can provide safe, effective options specifically designed for animals. Remember, your veterinarian is your best resource for keeping your pet healthy, happy, and free from harm.

Healthy Minds, Happy Pets: The Benefits of Pet Enrichment

Mon, 25 Nov 2024 16:24:00 GMT

In the hustle and bustle of pet parenthood, it’s easy to focus on the basics: food, shelter, and physical health. However, one crucial aspect of pet care often goes overlooked — mental health and enrichment.

Like humans, our furry companions have complex emotional needs requiring attention and care. As veterinarians, we’ve witnessed how proper enrichment can transform a pet’s life.

The Importance of Pet Mental Health

Mental health isn’t just for humans! For pets, it is a multifaceted concept encompassing emotional well-being, cognitive function, and behavioral stability. A mentally healthy pet is more adaptable to change, exhibits fewer problematic behaviors, and generally enjoys a higher quality of life. On the flip side, pets suffering from poor mental health may show symptoms of stress, anxiety, or depression, which can manifest in various ways, from destructive behavior to physical health issues.

Anxiety and depression in pets, while both falling under the umbrella of mental health concerns, are distinct conditions with different symptoms and treatments. For a more in-depth look at recognizing the signs of these conditions in your pet, check out this blog post about pet mental health , anxiety, and depression.

Understanding Pet Enrichment

Creating a stimulating environment that allows pets to engage in rewarding species-specific behaviors is known as enrichment. It includes activities that challenge them mentally, provide physical exercise, or stimulate their senses. Enrichment aims to improve an animal’s psychological and physiological well-being by reducing stress and promoting natural behaviors.

As veterinarians, we emphasize that enrichment isn’t a luxury but a necessity for optimal health. Being a loving, responsible pet owner is about creating an environment that meets all of your pet’s needs — not just the basic requirements for survival.

Types of Enrichment Activities

The good news is that providing proper enrichment for your pet isn’t difficult. There are several types of enrichment activities, all of which you can easily incorporate into your routine.

The types of enrichment activities for pets include:

Cognitive Enrichment: This type of enrichment focuses on mental stimulation. Puzzle feeders, interactive toys, and training sessions are excellent ways to engage your pet’s mind. For dogs, activities like nose work or hide-and-seek are incredibly rewarding. Cats enjoy puzzle boxes or treat-dispensing toys that mimic hunting behavior.
Physical Enrichment: Regular exercise is crucial for both physical and mental health. This could mean daily walks , fetch sessions, or agility training for dogs. Cats benefit from climbing structures, interactive play with wand toys, or supervised outdoor exploration in a safe enclosure.
Sensory Enrichment: Stimulating your pet’s senses is fun and beneficial. Try introducing new scents (like catnip for cats or different herbs for dogs), textures (various surfaces to walk on), or sounds (nature sounds or pet-specific music) to engage your pet’s senses in new ways.
Social Enrichment: Many pets are social creatures and benefit from interacting with humans and other animals. This can include playdates with other pets, regular grooming sessions, or simply spending quality time with their human family members.
Environmental Enrichment: Creating a diverse and exciting living space also boosts your pet’s mental well-being. Rotating toys, providing hiding spots, or setting up viewing perches for cats can make their environment more engaging.

The Benefits of Enrichment

Implementing a comprehensive enrichment plan for your pet offers numerous benefits.

A few benefits of pet enrichment include:

Reduced Stress and Anxiety: Engaging in enriching activities can help pets feel more in control of their environment, reducing stress and anxiety levels.
Improved Cognitive Function: Mental stimulation through enrichment activities helps keep your pet’s mind sharp, potentially slowing cognitive decline in older animals.
Better Physical Health: Many enrichment activities incorporate physical exercise, which promotes better overall health and reduces obesity-related issues.
Decreased Problematic Behaviors: Boredom often leads to destructive behaviors. Proper enrichment can reduce issues like excessive barking, scratching furniture, or inappropriate elimination.
Strengthened Bond: Engaging in enrichment activities with your pet strengthens your bond, leading to a more fulfilling relationship for both of you.

Implementing Enrichment in Your Pet’s Life

Starting an enrichment program for your pet doesn’t have to be complicated or expensive.

Here are some tips to get you started:

Assess Your Pet’s Needs: Every animal is unique. Pay close attention to your pet to understand what activities they enjoy and what motivates them.
Start Small: Introduce new activities gradually to avoid overwhelming your pet. This also allows you to gauge their interest and adjust accordingly.
Rotate Activities: Keep things interesting by rotating toys and activities. This prevents boredom and maintains the novelty factor.
Make it a Routine: Incorporate enrichment activities into your daily routine.
Consider Your Pet’s Age and Health: Tailor activities to your pet’s physical capabilities and energy level, especially for senior pets or those with health issues.

Addressing Common Concerns

As veterinarians, we often hear concerns from pet owners about implementing enrichment activities. Some worry about the time commitment or the cost involved. However, enrichment doesn’t have to be time-consuming or expensive. Even simple activities like hiding treats around the house for your dog to find or creating a cardboard box maze for your cat can provide mental stimulation.

Nutrition’s Role in Mental Health

A healthy diet that meets your pet’s nutritional needs is essential to their overall well-being, which includes their mental health. Some pets benefit from specialized diets or supplements that support cognitive function, especially as they age. Talk to your veterinarian if you think they might suit your furry friend.

The Importance of Professional Guidance

While you can easily implement many enrichment activities at home, consulting a veterinary professional is always beneficial. We can provide personalized suggestions and enrichment ideas based on your pet’s needs, health status, and behavioral tendencies. Regular check-ups also enable us to monitor your pet’s mental health and make adjustments to their enrichment plan as needed.

Wrapping Up

Enrichment isn’t just about keeping your pet entertained. It’s about giving them a fulfilling life that meets their physical, mental, and emotional needs. As veterinarians, we see the transformative power of proper enrichment every day. From the anxious rescue dog who learns to trust through positive training experiences to the senior cat who regains their playful spirit with the right cognitive stimulation, the impact of enrichment on pet mental health is profound and far-reaching.

A mentally healthy pet is a happy pet, and a happy pet makes for a joyful home. By prioritizing your pet’s mental well-being through enrichment activities, you’re doing more than improving their quality of life. You’re enhancing your bond and creating a more harmonious living environment for everyone.

Understanding Pet Euthanasia: What to Expect and How to be Prepared

Mon, 25 Nov 2024 16:13:00 GMT

Pets bring us a lifetime of joy and special memories. Over the years, we develop such strong bonds with them that it is extremely difficult to say goodbye when the time comes. Euthanasia is the final gift we can give to express how much we love them. We offer this solely for them because their lives can no longer be fully lived. It is truly a selfless decision and an act of compassion and kindness, no matter how hard it may be for us to live without our cherished friends.

When it is time for your pet to cross the Rainbow Bridge , demystifying the process can help you have a better understanding of what to expect. Most veterinary practices offer euthanasia services and partner with a trusted cremation service. It can be comforting to have your family veterinarian perform the procedure. There are also several in-home euthanasia providers in most areas that your veterinarian can likely refer you to, if you prefer the process to take place in your own environment. Other times, your own veterinarian may provide concierge in home euthanasia by request. Answers to some of the most asked questions are below.

How Do I Know When It Is Time To Consider Euthanasia For My Pet?

Most pets presented for euthanasia have been sick or declining for some time. They have usually gradually declined to the point that life is no longer as enjoyable. Their owners love them dearly and have trouble viewing their quality of life objectively because brief moments of life quality may show occasionally. A good way to measure this a little more objectively is to place a “+” on a day that is a good day and a “-“ on a bad day. When the number of “-“ outweighs the number of “+,” it is likely time. All pets will experience changes as they age , but it's up to us as owners to detect when those changes are impacting their quality of life to a point that the comfort and joy has diminished.

How Should I Prepare For My Pet's Euthanasia?

Because this is such an emotionally charged time, preparing a few decisions in advance can be incredibly helpful and relieve some of the stress and emotional upset that comes with losing a pet. Try to choose after care arrangements, such as cremation or burial, ahead of time and prepay for these services and the euthanasia itself so you are not handling these during the procedure.

Many people also create a special time or ritual as a way to create last special moments with their pet, such as saying goodbye in a favorite spot, bringing music or a loved toy or giving them a final meal or treat.

Will My Pet Be Scared?

Before administering the euthanasia solution, most veterinarians will gently sedate pets to help them feel calm and free from any stress or anxiety. This quick sedative injection allows your pet to relax and peacefully spend their final moments in your comforting presence. If you choose to step out of the room, know that the sedation ensures your pet is unaware of its surroundings, allowing you to leave without feeling like you're abandoning them. For some people the best option is to remain with their pet, for others it is to leave with the memory of their pet alive. There is no right or wrong choice. You and your pet's comfort is the top priority during this emotional time.

Will Euthanasia Be Painful For My Pet?

Pet owners will be relieved to realize that the euthanasia process is designed to be completely painless for your pet. Your pet will not feel anything after sedation. At our hospital, we utilize a combination of drugs that make pets completely unaware and very relaxed prior to euthanasia, falling asleep with their owner first.

How Long Does Pet Euthanasia Take?

Depending on whether the veterinarian prefers a catheter or not, the sedation may take up to 10 minutes. Euthanasia itself occurs within a matter of seconds once the actual euthanasia drug is administered.

Do I Need to Be Present for My Pet’s Euthanasia?

The decision of whether you want to say good-bye to your pet after sedation, prior to the euthanasia process is completely up to you. Some owners may find comfort in being there for their pet in their final moments, while others may find it too distressing. Whatever your decision may be, just let a member of the veterinary team know so they can accommodate your wishes and make the experience as peaceful as possible for both you and your pet.

When it comes to other family members and children, consider their needs and preferences as well. While being with your pet prior to their passing can help your family with closure and start a healthy grieving process, it can also be frightening and upsetting for some, especially younger children who may not completely understand death yet. If you have concerns, talk to your veterinarian, as they have recommendations on how to start healing after the loss of a pet.

What’s the Cost of Euthanizing a Dog or a Cat?

While it may seem inappropriate to think about the costs associated with euthanasia when considering if it’s time to put your pet down, it’s a valid concern for many pet owners. Understanding euthanasia expenses, as well as the associated costs of aftercare, helps avoid any surprises at the veterinarian’s hospital and allows you to give your pet your undivided attention in its final moments.

In general, the cost of pet euthanasia varies based on several factors, including the size of the pet, location, and the services chosen. In general, euthanasia at a veterinary hospital ranges between $75 and $200, with additional fees for exams, if required. Opting for at-home euthanasia is more expensive, typically ranging from $100 to $200, with potential additional travel or home visit fees. Aftercare services, like cremation or burial, add further costs. Private cremation ranges from $100 to $200, while communal cremation is more affordable, starting around $76. Pet burial in a cemetery may cost between $500 and $700, but again, this may vary depending on your area.

If finances are a major concern when considering euthanasia for your pet, there may be some lower-cost options available in your area. Check with local pet shelters and humane societies to see if there are any discounted services or payment plans.

What Happens Afterward?

Your pet is carefully wrapped, and then gently retrieved by our cremation partner. The ashes will either be spread communally at their site or returned in an urn to our practice for you to retrieve. We will notify you upon your pet’s return, if you choose private cremation.

Although there is no way we can reduce the pain you feel over losing your pet, we have tried to find the least painful manner to manage the process to make it easier for you and your pet. Pet loss and grief support is available for pet owners from several partners. Reach out if you feel like you are struggling with the loss of your pet, you are never alone.

Urgent Care for Pets

Tue, 12 Nov 2024 19:33:00 GMT

Introducing Urgent Care for Pets at Advanced Animal Care ER: Because Every Moment Matters

When your pet suddenly shows signs of illness or injury, the stress and worry can be overwhelming. As pet parents, we all want our furry family members to receive the best possible care, as quickly as possible. That’s why Advanced Animal Care ER is excited to announce the launch of our new Urgent Care for Pets service, available Monday through Friday, 8am-4pm. We’re here to provide same-day care for situations that can’t wait, but may not require emergency treatment.

What Is Urgent Care for Pets?

Examples of Urgent Conditions We Treat

Not sure if it’s urgent or an emergency? Here are some examples of conditions that our Urgent Care service is well-suited to address:

Illnesses : Coughing, sneezing, vomiting, diarrhea, mild allergic reactions, or changes in eating or drinking habits.
Minor Injuries : Cuts, scrapes, mild limping, back pain, and toenail injuries.
Behavioral Changes : Unusual hiding, whining, or restlessness, which could signal discomfort or pain.
Allergies and Skin Issues : Skin irritations, itching, hot spots, and other minor allergic reactions.

If your pet’s condition becomes more serious, rest assured that our ER team is fully equipped to manage critical cases on the spot.

Why Choose Advanced Animal Care ER for Urgent Care?

Our Urgent Care service combines the convenience of same-day access with the expertise of a 24/7 emergency hospital. Here’s what sets us apart:

Comprehensive Care : With our advanced equipment, dedicated team, and experience, we can handle both urgent and emergency cases. No matter what walks through our doors, we’re ready.
Affordable Pricing : During urgent care hours, you’ll only pay the price of an urgent care visit, which is more affordable than typical ER rates. We believe in making quality pet care accessible for every family.
No Guesswork : We know it can be hard to tell if a situation is urgent or an emergency. Bring your pet in, and we’ll assess the situation immediately, so you never have to second-guess.

How Our Urgent Care Process Works

Our process is designed to make things easy for you and your pet. Here’s what you can expect when you arrive during our urgent care hours:

Assessment : Our skilled veterinary team will quickly evaluate your pet’s condition. We’re here to answer your questions, explain treatment options, and work with your budget to ensure your pet gets the care they need.
Treatment : Based on our assessment, we’ll provide the necessary treatment—whether it’s medication, wound care, or a thorough examination. For any concerns, we’ll explain everything so you feel comfortable with your pet’s care plan.
Follow-Up Guidance : After treatment, our team will provide clear guidance on what to watch for at home and when to return if additional care is needed.

When It’s an Emergency

If you’re unsure whether your pet’s condition is urgent or life-threatening, don’t hesitate to come in. We’re here to help, no matter the severity. Some situations that typically require emergency care include severe bleeding, difficulty breathing, seizures, poisoning, and loss of consciousness. In these cases, our emergency team will act immediately.

Visit Us for Peace of Mind

As pet owners ourselves, we understand the need for fast, accessible, and affordable pet care. Our Urgent Care for Pets service was created to give you peace of mind—knowing that expert help is available when your pet needs it most. Whether it’s a minor concern or something more serious, Advanced Animal Care ER is here to make sure your pet receives the best care possible.

Have questions? Call us at 859-625-5678, or visit us during our urgent care hours, Monday through Friday, 8am-4pm. We’re here to make sure your pets get the attention they need when it can’t wait. Remember we are always open 24/7 for all pet needs!

What Pet Owners Need to Know About Tick-Borne Diseases & Tick Prevention

Fri, 08 Nov 2024 18:51:00 GMT

For pet owners with active dogs and cats who love to spend time outside, there are few things more annoying and worrisome than ticks . These tiny external parasites are notorious for spreading a variety of diseases that can severely impact dogs and cats, and finding one in your dog or cat’s fur can really put a damper on your day outdoors and potentially create health problems for your pet.

Understanding how these diseases affect your pets and knowing how to prevent them is key to keeping your furry friends safe and healthy. In this blog, I’ll share my experience with the most common tick-borne diseases I see in clinic, how they can impact your pets, and what steps you can take to protect them from these pesky parasites.

The Rising Threat of Tick-Borne Disease for Dogs & Cats

As climate change and shifting habitats make environments more favorable for ticks, we're seeing an alarming increase in tick populations across many areas.

Recent data has shown that the number of reported cases of tick-borne illnesses in humans has more than doubled in the United States over the past 20 years. With this enormous jump in human cases, it’s evident that pet owners need to be more vigilant than ever of these pesky parasites. As people and their pets continue to become more active together outdoors by taking up hobbies like hiking and camping, potential exposure to ticks in their natural habitats rises.

In Southeast Michigan, we have been noticing the level of tick exposure in our environment has been increasing every year. With this increase in the prevalence of ticks, even pets that don't travel or leave this immediate vicinity are still at risk for tick-borne diseases because ticks are pretty ubiquitous in the environment now, year-round .

How Tick-Borne Diseases Affect Pets

Tick-borne diseases can have a wide range of impacts on pets, affecting various organs and systems in the body. Some of these diseases can cause acute symptoms shortly after a tick bite, while others may remain dormant, with symptoms appearing months or even years later. The effects can range from mild discomfort to severe, life-threatening conditions.

However, it’s important that pet owners know that a tick bite or the presence of a tick on your pet does not always mean they’ve contracted a disease . Some tick bites may result in a rash, an allergic reaction, or other complications, such as anemia. In fact, research from Oklahoma State University found that a large percentage of ticks observed in a study did not carry any transmissible diseases at all.

But one thing is for certain: Your veterinarian will be your greatest ally in getting your pet the care it needs if there are any complications from a tick!

4 Common Tick-Borne Diseases That Affect Pets

While ticks can cause a number of adverse effects for our pets, there are four main tick-borne diseases that I commonly see as a veterinarian in Southeast Michigan . These diseases can present in several different ways and have varying effects on pets, so it’s important for pet owners to familiarize themselves with the signs of these and how they are contracted via ticks.

Anaplasmosis

Anaplasmosis is caused by the bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum or Anaplasma platys, which are transmitted through the bite of an infected tick, commonly the black-legged tick (also known as the deer tick). This specific tick-borne disease can affect both dogs and cats, leading to symptoms such as fever, lethargy, joint pain, and sometimes gastrointestinal issues like vomiting or diarrhea. In severe cases, it can cause low platelet counts, leading to bleeding disorders. Early detection and treatment with antibiotics are crucial to managing anaplasmosis effectively.

Ehrlichia

Ehrlichiosis is another bacterial disease caused by Ehrlichia canis and other related species, primarily transmitted by the brown dog tick. This disease is particularly insidious because it often progresses through three stages: acute, subclinical, and chronic. During the acute stage, pets may experience fever, swollen lymph nodes, lethargy, and loss of appetite. In the subclinical stage, pets might appear normal but still harbor the bacteria, which can cause more severe issues later on. The chronic stage can result in severe weight loss, neurological problems, and blood disorders. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, but early intervention is key to preventing long-term complications.

Babesia

Babesia is a protozoal infection transmitted primarily by the brown dog tick. This disease infects red blood cells, leading to a condition known as hemolytic anemia. Symptoms of babesia can include pale gums, jaundice, dark-colored urine, fever, and lethargy. In severe cases, it can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Treatment often involves a combination of anti-protozoal drugs and supportive care, such as blood transfusions in severe cases. Babesia can be particularly challenging to clear completely, making prevention a critical focus.

Lyme Disease

Lastly, we have Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, and one of the most well-known tick-borne diseases. It is primarily transmitted by the black-legged tick. Common symptoms in pets include lameness, swollen joints, fever, loss of appetite, and lethargy. In some cases, Lyme disease can lead to kidney damage, which can be fatal if not managed properly. A diagnosis is often made through blood tests, and treatment typically involves a prolonged course of antibiotics. Vaccination and regular use of tick preventatives are the most common strategies recommended by veterinarians for reducing the risk of Lyme disease in pets.

Signs & Symptoms of Tick-Borne Diseases in Pets

The signs that your pet has been afflicted by these diseases can vary quite a bit from disease to disease and even from pet to pet.

Common symptoms to watch for include:

Fever
Lethargy
Joint pain
Changes in appetite
Abnormal urination
Abnormal drinking habits

Some pets may experience neurological signs, such as seizures or difficulty walking, depending on which disease they contract.

What makes tick-borne diseases particularly tricky is that these signs can also show up in a wide range of time frames after exposure to the disease, even including months to years later.

Diagnosis and What to Expect at the Vet’s Office

The diagnosis for these tick-borne diseases generally starts with an annual heartworm and tick disease blood panel, which we recommend as part of the wellness veterinary care for every patient. There are also several different characteristic lab work findings that can be caused by these diseases as well, including changes in red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and other possibilities.

This in-depth lab work will allow us to check for exposure to these diseases, and in the event that we get positive results or have further concerns, there is additional diagnostic testing that can be done to ensure we fully understand what is going on with your pet and can choose the best course of treatment.

Treatment & Prevention Options to Fight Against Tick-Borne Disease

As far as treatment for these diseases, often what is required is a long course of an antibiotic in order to cure the disease or at least limit its potential effects and impacts on dogs and cats.

Much more preferable to this option, though, is the prevention of these tick-borne diseases. Thankfully, we have many good flea and tick preventative options available now. Most tick preventatives are taken monthly and are very effective at greatly minimizing the risk of any tick-borne diseases for your pets. Studies have confirmed that pets that are not taking any type of tick preventative are at a higher risk for picking up ticks. One study of treated vs. non-treated dogs found that "statistically significantly (p < 0.05) fewer ticks were recorded on the treated dogs compared to the control dogs on all assessment days."

In addition to these preventative options, we also, in the case of Lyme disease in particular, have a Lyme disease vaccine that we often recommend for our patients who are at particularly high risk of tick and Lyme disease exposure.

Whether you and your pet travel or are outdoors often, we would strongly recommend that all patients are on flea and tick preventatives all year round in order to limit any of these risks and fight against the development of tick-borne diseases.

Does My Cat Need a Friend?

Fri, 08 Nov 2024 18:15:00 GMT

Many cat parents wonder if their feline companion would benefit from having another cat in the household. While some cats thrive with furry siblings, others prefer to remain the sole ruler of their domain. So, how do you know if your feline friend needs a buddy of their own?

As veterinarians, we often hear from concerned pet parents who worry their cat might be lonely, especially when left alone during long workdays. The truth is, cats have distinct personalities, just like humans. Some are social butterflies who crave constant companionship, while others prefer solitary living. Here are a few things to consider if you’re thinking about getting a companion for your cat.

Signs Your Cat Might Want a Companion

While every cat is different, certain signs could indicate they’d benefit from having a companion.

Signs your cat might like a friend include:

Excessive clinginess or following you around constantly
Destructive behavior when left alone
Overgrooming or other signs of anxiety
Seeking attention at inconvenient times, especially late at night
Playing roughly with you, using teeth and claws
Seeming depressed or lethargic when alone

When Adding a Second Cat Makes Sense

Multiple-cat households flourish under the right circumstances. If your cat has previously shared their home with feline companions, they’re more likely to welcome a new friend. Pay attention to how they react when they spot other cats through the windows. Cats who show friendly interest rather than aggression might be good candidates for companionship.

Age plays a significant role in adaptability, too, with younger cats under two years old typically being more accepting of newcomers. Your cat’s general temperament offers important clues, as well. Those with playful, easy-going personalities tend to be more open to sharing their space. Of course, your living situation matters, too. Having enough room for each cat to establish their own territory helps prevent tension and allows for harmonious coexistence.

Signs Your Cat Might Prefer Flying Solo

Not every cat needs or wants feline companionship, and some cats thrive as the only pet in their household. Watch for behaviors that might indicate your cat prefers solitude. If your cat hides or displays aggressive behavior at the sight of other cats, they’re communicating their preference for personal space. A history of confrontations with neighborhood cats also indicates that your feline friend isn’t interested in sharing their territory.

Some cats are distressed by even minor changes in their daily routine. If your kitty doesn’t like change, adding another cat to your family will likely cause unnecessary stress. Plus, senior cats who have lived as only pets often prefer maintaining their solitary lifestyle rather than adapting to a new companion.

Territorial behaviors, such as spraying, indicate your cat feels strongly about protecting their space. Health considerations matter, too. Cats with certain medical conditions might find the stress of a new feline housemate overwhelming, potentially worsening their condition. And if your cat has a communicable disease , like FIV or FeLV, they could infect their new sibling if you bring another furry friend home.

You’re Already Your Cat’s Best Friend

No matter how many cats you have, you are their most important family member. Many cats form their strongest bonds with their human family members. In other words, you’re already your cat’s best friend!

If your cat seems content but occasionally lonely, consider:

Establishing regular play sessions (aim for 10-15 minutes, 2-3 times daily)
Creating an enriching environment with climbing spaces, window perches, and hiding spots
Providing interactive toys for mental stimulation when you’re away
Setting up bird-watching stations near windows
Spending quality time together through grooming and gentle petting
Talking to your cat throughout the day. They recognize and respond to your voice.

Tips for Success When Introducing Another Cat

If you decide to add another cat to your family, proper introduction is crucial for long-term harmony. The process begins with selecting a compatible companion. Take the time to find a cat whose age, energy level, and personality complement your existing pet.

Before bringing your new arrival home, establish separate living spaces where each cat can feel secure. A separation period is essential for both cats to adjust to each other’s presence. The initial phase focuses on scent familiarization, letting each cat become accustomed to the other’s smell without the stress of face-to-face encounters.

Once both cats show signs of comfort, begin introducing them through supervised interactions, always watching for signs of stress or aggression. Throughout this process, provide essentials for each cat, including separate litter boxes, food and water bowls, comfortable beds, and scratching posts, to prevent resource guarding.

Most importantly, remember that patience is vital. While some cats become friends within days, others may need weeks or even months to fully accept their new family member. Following these steps helps create a foundation for a peaceful shared home.

The Importance of Space and Resources

Whether you have one cat or multiple, proper resources are essential.

Each cat needs:

Their own litter box (plus one extra . In other words, if you have two cats, you need three litter boxes)
Multiple feeding stations
Several water sources throughout your home
Individual scratching posts, beds, and resting areas
Vertical space for climbing and observation
Quiet retreat spaces for alone time

Health Considerations

Adding a new cat requires careful health planning.

All cats in the household should be:

Current on vaccinations
Tested for FeLV/FIV
Free from parasites
Spayed or neutered
Given regular preventive care

Making an Informed Decision

If you’re thinking about getting your cat a friend, base your decision on your current cat’s personality, your living situation, and your ability to provide proper care for multiple pets. Pay close attention to your feline friend’s behavior and consider how they’ve interacted with other cats in the past.

When given adequate attention and enrichment, cats can live perfectly happy lives as single pets. The most important thing is understanding your cat’s needs and preferences.

If your cat is showing signs they might benefit from a feline friend, your veterinarian is an excellent resource. Schedule an appointment to discuss your veterinarian about your cat’s personality and whether adding another cat to your household would be beneficial. They can evaluate your current cat’s temperament and provide personalized advice for your situation. Reach out today to explore what’s best for your feline family member!

A Traveling Pet Owner’s Guide to Dog Road Trip Essentials

Tue, 05 Nov 2024 18:47:00 GMT

I keep talking to people who are planning road trips this year to avoid air travel, and many are taking their dogs along for the ride. As someone who takes his dog everywhere with him, I love this idea! One of my favorite sayings is, “It’s not what you do for your dog, but what you do with your dog.”

So, with all the questions folks have been asking, I thought I’d share some of the advice I’ve been giving. In this guide, I’ll cover everything you need to know—from keeping your dog safe and comfortable in the car to finding pet-friendly accommodations and managing their health on the road.

Plan for Comfort and Safety

Anytime your dog is traveling in the car, safety should be a top priority. While there’s no definitive consensus on what products can make car rides safer for dogs , there are a few best practices that pet owners should follow to keep their dogs safe in the car, including:

Don’t let your dog ride in the front seat or in the back of a pickup truck or open vehicle
Keep your dog on a leash whenever entering or exiting the car
Don’t leave your dog unattended in the car, even if it’s only for a few minutes
Give your dog a designated spot in the car to minimize movement and help them feel less anxious
Don’t let yourself or the driver get distracted by your dog. Treats, pets, and pictures can wait!

Despite what advertisements and pet gear companies may lead you to believe, there are currently no safety harnesses that are actually “safe.” While they will prevent your dog from flying around the car in an accident, these harnesses can damage the dog’s spine in the process. Pet hammocks that sling across the back seats are a great alternative and will minimize movement while also providing a comfortable place for your dog to sleep on the ride.

Microchip Your Dog

Even the calmest dog can get freaked out in new situations, which is why microchipping is recommended for all dogs , not just the ones who travel frequently. Collars and tags may fall off, but the microchip is there for life – meaning, if you run into any mishaps on your road trip where your dog manages to escape, there will always be a way for local veterinarians or rescues to help you be reunited. The database used to store the microchip numbers can hold many different contacts and is the best way to get your dog home if lost – especially if you’re out of town or in an unfamiliar area.

Find Pet-Friendly Hotels

If you’re taking more than a day trip, securing pet-friendly lodging ahead of time is an absolute must. You won’t get the nicest room at the inn, but many hotels have pet-friendly spaces set aside. In fact, an estimated 75% of hotels, including luxury, mid-scale, and economy hotels, allow pets , according to the American Hotel & Lodging Association.

Some of the boutique chains actually specialize in pet-friendly accommodations, equipped with features and amenities like dog bars in the lobby and pet beds in the rooms.

Make Sure Vaccines Are Up To Date And Take The Records

You may find yourself in a position of having to board your pet (or spring your pet from doggie jail after running off…), and you will need to show that vaccines are up to date, so it’s important to have all of your dog’s paperwork and vaccination records on hand. If you don’t normally board or groom your dog, your vet may not be giving the Kennel Cough (Bordetella) vaccine . So, make sure this is done before you hit the road.

In addition to the Bordetella vaccine, check that your dog is current on all core vaccines, including rabies, distemper, parvovirus, and any additional regional vaccines like leptospirosis or Lyme disease if you’re traveling to areas where these are common. Keeping a digital or physical copy of your dog’s vaccination records is essential — not only for boarding facilities but also for pet-friendly hotels, campgrounds, or even emergency veterinary visits that might require proof of vaccination. It’s always better to have these documents on hand and not need them than to be stuck without them!

It’s never a bad idea to schedule a quick wellness check with your veterinarian before your trip, especially if your dog has any ongoing health issues. During this check, you can discuss any travel-specific health concerns, update necessary vaccines, and make sure your dog is in top shape for the road.

Combat Motion Sickness

Many dogs can get motion sickness on long trips, and it can make the entire experience less fun for both you and your dog. Motion sickness in dogs can manifest as drooling, whining, restlessness, or even vomiting. While some dogs respond well to Dramamine, some may need something more. There is a prescription medication called maropitant that works better in these cases. You may want to grab a box for the trip.

Aside from medications like Dramamine, which can ease nausea, there are other strategies to try. For instance, avoid feeding your dog a large meal right before you hit the road; instead, feed them a smaller portion a few hours before departure to minimize the chance of an upset stomach.

You should also try to create a calm and comfortable environment in the car. Keep the temperature cool, and consider using a crate or harness to help your dog feel secure. Some dogs feel better when they can see out the window, while others are more comfortable in a covered crate, where they are shielded from the visual triggers that can cause nausea. Frequent stops for fresh air, water, and a little exercise can also make a big difference, allowing your dog a chance to relieve stress and stretch their legs.

Keep an Eye on the Temperature

I always remind people in the summertime that dogs don’t sweat and must decrease body temperature by panting cooler air through their airways. If the outside temperature exceeds their own, they will die from heat stroke. Simply cracking a window is not enough. An automatic starter will allow you to run your car with the AC for about 30 minutes without having to leave a key in the car and open you up to theft.

Temperature considerations will also need to be made for travel in the winter. In colder months, it’s crucial to remember that dogs, especially those with short coats or low body fat, can be just as vulnerable to cold as they are to heat. Prolonged exposure to cold air, particularly when temperatures dip below freezing, can lead to hypothermia or frostbite in sensitive areas like ears, paws, and tails. So, during winter road trips, plan ahead to avoid any situations where your dog is left alone in a cold car. If you need to leave your pet in the car, for example, while pumping gas, provide a warm, insulated pet blanket. Investing in a heated car seat cover designed for pets can also help keep your dog comfortable. Always plan stops thoughtfully to minimize any time your dog is left alone in the car, and whenever possible, bring them inside with you during extended breaks.

Don’t Be Afraid of Anti-anxiety Medication

Some people don’t discover that their dogs have certain phobias until they are in a new situation. Certain noises, smells, and locations can create stress that can make dogs bark, urinate, and generally freak out. In these cases, people may get booted from hotels or cut their trips short as a result. There are many fast-acting medications your vet can prescribe to have on hand for these potential situations.

Hit the Road With All of Your Essentials

Hitting the road and taking a road trip with your dog can be a fun and rewarding experience that allows you to explore new places, visit family and friends, and make memories together. By planning for safety, comfort, and health along the way, you’ll minimize any potential issues and keep your dog feeling happy and secure. Each dog is unique, so be sure to adjust the tips to meet your pet’s specific needs. With a bit of preparation and the right road trip essentials, you and your dog can enjoy a stress-free and exciting trip together, creating memories that will last a lifetime.

The Cost of Pet Ownership: Understanding How to Budget for a Dog or Cat’s Lifetime Expenses

Thu, 31 Oct 2024 14:30:00 GMT

We all love the smell of puppy breath or watching a new kitten play. Some of our happiest moments as pet owners come when we finally choose to bring a new puppy or kitten into our home . This special time is filled with snuggles, purrs, eating, and toys. Whether your pet is a long-awaited breed-specific dog that you preselected or a stray you obtained at no charge, the initial expense is only a small part of the total cost of pet ownership. To be a responsible pet owner, it’s imperative to be prepared for the maintenance care expenses so you can enjoy a lifetime with your new friend and keep them healthy for as long as possible.

How Much Does a Pet Cost?

Puppies and kittens are irresistibly cute, but it’s critical to fully understand the costs involved in pet ownership. The expenses of pet care vary depending on factors like breed, size, and health needs, as well as their expected lifestyle.

From initial supplies such as food, beds, and toys, to ongoing expenses like veterinary care and grooming, being prepared for these throughout your pet’s life will help you be ready to financially take care of any needs they have. Pet ownership, while incredibly rewarding, can be expensive without preparation, so providing clarity to what types of expenses owners need to consider when budgeting for their pet eliminates unpleasant surprises later.

The Initial Cost of Pet Ownership

Purebred or not, all pets come with expenses beyond obtaining that cute face. After paying the adoption or breeder fees , there are additional expenses of initial pet ownership as you welcome a new companion into your home.

These one-time expenses won’t recur, but are essential to making a pet comfortable in their new home. These depend on your pet’s size, needs, and your personal preferences as an owner.

Common upfront expenditures for a new pet include:

Adoption or Breeder fee: $0-$5,000
Food and Water Dishes: $20
Crate and Beds: $50-$350
Climbing Tower: $50-$200
Collar and Leash: $15-$100
Nail Trimmer: $25
Brush or Deshedder: $20-$50
Litter Box and Mat: $35

The First Year of Costs for Dogs and Cats

Whether your new pet is a dog or cat, many of the first year expenses will be similar. Each will need an internal parasite examination, veterinary visits beginning at 6-8 weeks of age to assure they are healthy and receive age appropriate vaccinations , continuing every 3-4 weeks until 16 weeks old, heartworm and parasite preventative, and spaying or neutering, among other things.

During the first year of owning a pet, be prepared for expenses like:

Vaccination Series Through 16 Weeks: $200-$500 depending on lifestyle
Veterinary Examinations Through 16 Weeks: $300-$360
Internal Parasite Exam: $36-$100
Deworming, if needed: $50-$80
Flea, Tick, Heartworm Preventative (12 months): $140-$450 (size based)
Microchipping: $65-$100
Spay or Neuter: $300-$900
Pre-Anesthetic Lab Work: $120-$300
Quality Food: $300-$2500
Cat Litter: $120
Dog Training: $65-$150 per session (more for sleep away training)

Ongoing Expenses

After the first year of ownership, the maintenance costs of pets decrease significantly. However, there are a few ongoing costs to be aware of and set money aside for. For healthy pets, the majority of the expense will be the annual veterinary wellness examinations and vaccinations.

Annual Wellness Examination: $70-$100
Annual Internal Parasite Examination: $36-$100
Annual Wellness Lab Work: $150-$400
Vaccinations: $65-$200 depending on lifestyle
Flea, Tick, Heartworm Preventative (12 months): $140-$450 (size based)
Quality Food: $300-$2,500
Cat Litter: $120

The remainder of the major expense will be split between feeding and grooming costs. Choosing a nutritious and appropriate diet is important for your pet’s well-being, but this will vary depending on your pet’s size, age, health condition, and food preferences. Pet owners should consider purchasing veterinary-recommended food brands as an investment in their pet’s health, as studies have shown that pets that consume nutritious diets with high-quality ingredients have better overall health, including better immune function and optimal body condition.

As for grooming, costs again will vary depending on the type of pet you own, their breed, and their size, as well as if you choose professional grooming or grooming at home. Both dogs and cats have unique grooming needs and best practices that should be followed which impact regular grooming costs. For example, breeds of dogs that shed heavily or need regular hair cuts will incur greater regular grooming costs than wirehaired dogs who just need regular at-home brushing. Owners who are able to brush and trim their cat’s nails at home will save more than those who opt to take their cat to a veterinarian or groomer for nail trims.

Thinking ahead about food and grooming costs for dogs and cats is also very helpful in determining which pet you should obtain that fits best with your finances.

Other Expenses and Health Care Costs for Pets

After reviewing necessities, there are a few other items and health services to discuss. These often aren’t on a new pet owner’s radar for expenses they’ll need to cover during their pet’s lifetime, but are important contributors to a healthy, happy, and long life for your pet.

For the best health, after the age of about 3 years old, most pets need to have anesthetic dental cleanings annually. The rate for these is commonly between $500-$1000, but differs depending on your area.

Your pet may also fall ill and these visits incur expenses outside of the norm. What if your pet develops chronic allergies and needs ongoing medication? Your dog or cat could even require emergency surgery from an unexpected accident. All of these necessitate an emergency fund to be set aside specifically earmarked for your pet. We see too many people having to make heartbreaking choices because nobody thinks their pet will get sick or hit by a car. Knowing this fund is present allows you to make decisions in the moment instead of fearing how you will pay the bill. There are also several third party payment solutions offering interest free periods that specifically cater to veterinary clients. Almost all veterinary practices accept their payments, allowing clients to essentially enjoy a “payment plan” without the veterinarian taking on the liability.

Pet insurance is also worth consideration, but only prior to any diagnosis, as they exclude pre-existing conditions. If you’re unsure whether pet insurance is the right investment for you and your pet, be sure to ask your veterinarian for any recommendations they have when it comes to pet insurance providers or plans.

How to Budget for a Dog or Cat

Budgeting for a dog or cat involves more than just planning for their adoption, food and vet bills – and pet owners need to make sure they have a plan to properly fund their new baby’s health and wellness. Additional costs, such as daycare for high-energy breeds, grooming, and boarding for pet parents who travel frequently, can add up quickly. Think about your dog’s needs and your lifestyle to create a realistic budget that includes both routine and unexpected expenses. Knowing how to budget for a dog, cat or any other pet properly will help you avoid financial surprises and ensure your pet receives the best care throughout their life.

Initial costs: Expect to spend on adoption fees, spaying/neutering, vaccinations, and microchipping after adopting your pet. These will be the first expenses when obtaining a new pet.
Routine veterinary care: Plan for yearly checkups, vaccinations, flea/tick prevention, and dental care.
Food and treats: Budget for quality food and regular treats to maintain your pet’s health and happiness.
Emergency fund: Set aside money for unexpected medical emergencies or accidents. You never know when you’ll need this, but you’ll be glad you set some money aside for any unexpected treatments.
Pet insurance: Consider monthly premiums for pet insurance to help with vet bills, but remember, it may be better to get pet insurance early on, as conditions may not be covered if you purchase insurance after diagnosis.
Grooming and hygiene: Include costs for grooming, nail trimming, and hygiene products.
Toys and supplies: Budget for items like toys, bedding, litter, collars, and leashes, and remember, you may need to upgrade these as your pet grows or they become worn out.
Training and pet sitting: Plan for potential expenses in training classes, boarding, or pet-sitting services when traveling. Having a plan in place for these expenses helps ensure your pet is safe and sound while not disrupting your travel plans.

Senior Dog Care: How to Keep Your Aging Dog Healthy and Happy

Wed, 23 Oct 2024 20:06:00 GMT

Our senior dogs have spent years by our sides, offering unconditional love and loyalty. As they enter their golden years, it's our turn to give back by filling their final chapters with comfort, good health, and happiness! So, how do we do that?

Caring for an aging dog goes beyond routine checkups; it’s about understanding the changes their bodies are going through, spotting the subtle signs of potential health concerns, and taking proactive steps to keep them feeling their best. With the right approach, we can help our senior pups enjoy this stage of life to the fullest.

Understanding Aging in Dogs

Much like people, as dogs age they go through a variety of physical and behavioral changes that may not be immediately obvious. These shifts can have a significant impact on your senior dog’s quality of life, so it’s important to be aware of what to look for. Common changes like mobility issues and shifts in their appetite, weight, or energy levels can be early signs of underlying health issues or just another symptom of aging – it’s hard for most pet owners to tell. This is where it’s important to get an expert’s opinion to be sure you are supporting your unique pet best.

In the following sections, we’ll explore these changes in more detail and provide tips on how you can best support your senior dog through each stage , allowing them to remain content as they age. Stay tuned for practical advice on helping your furry friend thrive in their golden years!

Arthritis and Mobility: Helping Your Senior Dog Stay Active

One of the most common issues we see in older dogs is arthritis. You may notice your dog being a bit slower to get up, hesitating to climb stairs, or having difficulty jumping onto the sofa or into the car. These are all signs that arthritis may be affecting your senior pet’s mobility.

The good news is that there are plenty of ways to manage arthritis in dogs. From prescription medications to supplements and simple environmental changes, your veterinarian can offer solutions tailored to your dog’s needs.

Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: These monthly injections bind the cell signaling chemicals that stimulate pain conduction through the bones.
- They are safe for pets that may have issues with their liver or kidneys. There are almost NO medication interactions and very few side effects. This methodology has recently been deemed the safest first line treatment for osteoarthritis.
Prescription Medications: Your veterinarian can prescribe anti-inflammatory medications, pain relievers, or joint supplements to reduce discomfort and improve mobility. These are often tailored to your dog’s specific needs and condition.
Joint Supplements: Glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega-3 fatty acids are commonly recommended supplements that support joint health , reduce inflammation, and ease arthritis symptoms over time.
Toe Grips: These small devices slip over your dog’s nails, providing better traction on slippery surfaces like hardwood or tile floors. This simple solution can significantly improve your dog’s ability to move around with confidence and reduce the risk of falls.
Orthopedic Dog Beds: A supportive, memory foam bed can relieve pressure on sore joints and provide much-needed comfort for a dog dealing with arthritis. These beds help promote restful sleep and reduce stiffness.
Weight Management: Keeping your dog at a healthy weight reduces the strain on their joints. Regular vet check-ups, a balanced diet, and controlled exercise routines can help maintain an ideal weight and prevent further joint stress.
Moderate Exercise: Gentle, low-impact activities like walking or swimming can help maintain mobility and muscle strength without over-stressing the joints. Your veterinarian can recommend an exercise plan appropriate for your dog’s condition.
Physical Therapy: Canine physical therapy or rehabilitation, including exercises like stretching, hydrotherapy, and massage, can improve flexibility, strengthen muscles, and alleviate discomfort in arthritic dogs.
Laser Therapy: Low-level laser therapy is a non-invasive treatment that can reduce pain and inflammation in arthritic joints, promoting healing and improving mobility.
Acupuncture: Acupuncture has been shown to help manage arthritis pain in some dogs by stimulating blood flow and releasing natural pain-relieving chemicals in the body.
Environmental Modifications: Simple changes, like adding ramps to help your dog avoid stairs or placing non-slip rugs on hard floors, can make moving around the house easier and more comfortable for an arthritic dog.

Changes in Appetite and the Right Nutrition for Senior Dogs

As dogs age, some pet owners may assume that their dog is simply becoming picky about food, but this is rarely the case. Unlike humans, dogs don’t get bored with their food. Changes in eating habits are often a sign of something more significant. For example, if your senior dog is sniffing their food but walking away or losing weight, it could indicate an underlying health issue, such as dental problems or gastrointestinal discomfort. Weight loss or muscle atrophy in older dogs should never be ignored! Maintaining muscle mass and offering proper nutrition is vital to their overall health.

A common misconception is that senior dogs need to switch to a low-protein diet. However, while some dogs may require modifications based on individual health needs, protein is still essential for maintaining muscle mass and supporting overall health in senior dogs. Rather than reducing protein, it’s more about selecting the right type.

For senior dogs, white meats like chicken, fish, or pork are often recommended over red meats like beef or venison. These proteins are easier on aging kidneys, helping to reduce the strain on their organs while still providing the necessary nutrients.

In fact, research suggests that maintaining adequate protein levels in senior dogs' diets helps support muscle mass, which can naturally decline as they age. Up to 20-30% of a senior dog's daily caloric intake should come from protein , depending on their specific needs and health status. This balance is important for keeping your senior dog strong and healthy in their later years.

Optimal Wellness Care for Senior Dogs

When dogs move into their senior years, they become more susceptible to various health issues, much like humans. This is because the natural aging process slows down their organs, metabolism, and immune system, making it harder for their bodies to function optimally.

This is why regular wellness exams are recommended for keeping your senior dog healthy and catching potential issues before they become serious. We recommend bringing senior dogs in for checkups twice a year—about every six months. Since dogs age roughly seven times faster than humans, this frequency is equivalent to a person visiting their doctor once every three and a half years. These exams can detect early signs of health problems, and early detection can make all the difference when treating your senior dog!

Common Tests and Exams for Senior Dogs

Comprehensive Physical Exam: A thorough hands-on, nose to tail exam to assess overall health, detect lumps, joint stiffness, and other signs of aging.
Blood Work (CBC and Chemistry Panel): Essential for evaluating organ function, detecting infections, anemia, and early signs of diseases like diabetes or kidney issues.
Urinalysis: Helps monitor kidney function and detect urinary tract infections or diseases like diabetes.
Thyroid Function Test (T4): Checks for hypothyroidism, a common condition in senior dogs that can cause weight gain and lethargy.
Blood Pressure Measurement: Monitors for hypertension, which can indicate heart, kidney, or endocrine problems.
X-rays (Radiographs): Provides a detailed look at bones, joints, and internal organs to detect arthritis, heart disease, or tumors.
Electrocardiogram (EKG): Evaluates heart activity to detect irregularities or signs of heart disease.
Dental Exam and Cleaning : Prevents dental disease, which can lead to more serious health issues like heart or kidney infections.
Abdominal Ultrasound: Gives a closer look at internal organs to detect tumors or abnormalities that aren’t visible on x-rays.
Joint and Mobility Assessments: Evaluates movement to detect arthritis or joint pain and recommend pain management if needed.
Eye Exam: Detects common eye problems in older dogs, like cataracts or glaucoma, to prevent vision loss.
Cognitive Function Assessment: Assesses for cognitive decline, offering ways to support memory and behavior changes.
Cardiac Peptide Screening: This allows us to screen for underlying heart disease that may not be evident on routine testing or physical examination.

If your senior dog hasn’t been to the vet in a while, now is the perfect time to schedule a wellness exam. With proactive care, you can help your dog live comfortably and happily for years to come.

Schedule a Senior Wellness Exam

From discussing new treatments for arthritis to adjusting your dog’s diet, every step you take now can help your senior dog enjoy a vibrant, healthy life. So don’t wait— it’s time to give your dog the care they deserve! Remember, by being proactive, watching for subtle changes, and working closely with your veterinarian, you can make a big difference in your senior dog’s golden years!

Can My Dog Eat That? A Veterinarian's Take on the Internet's Most Asked Foods for Dogs

Mon, 19 Aug 2024 17:28:00 GMT

As a dog owner, it's natural to wonder about the safety of sharing your favorite foods with your furry friend. The internet is full of questions about what dogs can and cannot eat. To help clear up the confusion, we've compiled a list of the top foods people frequently ask about and whether they are safe for your dog.

In general, you can add 20% of healthy additions to your dogs diet without altering the nutritional balance of their diet. In fact, many of the below listed items are healthy and great additions to your dog's diet. Dogs are omnivores and can eat many types of food.

Dog Diet Basics: What Your Dog Needs to Stay Healthy

Before diving into the specifics of what foods are safe or unsafe for dogs, it's important to understand the basics of a healthy dog diet . Dogs, like humans, need a balanced diet to maintain optimal health. Here are the key components that should be included in your dog's diet:

Protein: Protein is essential for building and repairing tissues, as well as supporting the immune system. High-quality sources of protein include meat, poultry, fish, and eggs. Most commercial dog foods have an appropriate balance of protein to meet your dog's needs.
Fats: Fats provide energy and help in the absorption of certain vitamins. They also support healthy skin and a shiny coat. Look for dog foods that contain healthy fats like omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids , which are often found in fish oil and flaxseed.
Carbohydrates: Carbs are a source of energy and fiber, which aids in digestion. While dogs do not require a large amount of carbohydrates, whole grains, vegetables, and fruits can be beneficial when included in moderation.
Vitamins and Minerals: These are essential for various bodily functions, including bone health, blood clotting, and maintaining a strong immune system. A balanced commercial dog food typically contains the necessary vitamins and minerals, but supplements can be added if your veterinarian recommends them.
Water: Your dog should always have access to fresh, clean water. Hydration is vital for all bodily functions and overall health.

Can My Dog Eat…

1. Can Dogs Eat Apples?

Yes! Apples are safe for dogs to eat. They are a great source of vitamins A and C, as well as fiber. However, be sure to remove the seeds and core, as they can pose a choking hazard and contain cyanide, which is toxic in large quantities.

2. Can Dogs Eat Bananas?

Yes! Bananas are safe for dogs and make a healthy treat in moderation. They are high in potassium, vitamins, and fiber. Just be mindful of the sugar content and avoid overfeeding.

3. Can Dogs Eat Blueberries?

Yes! Blueberries are a healthy snack for dogs. They are low in calories and high in antioxidants, vitamins, and fiber. These little berries can make a tasty, nutritious treat.

4. Can Dogs Eat Carrots?

Yes! Carrots are safe for dogs to eat and are good for their teeth. They are low in calories and high in fiber and vitamins. Raw or cooked carrots make a crunchy, healthy snack. If feeding raw carrots, cut them into small bite size pieces.

5. Can Dogs Eat Cheese?

In moderation. Cheese is safe for most dogs in small amounts. It is a good source of protein and calcium, but many dogs are lactose intolerant. Too much cheese can cause digestive issues, so it's best to offer it sparingly.

6. Can Dogs Eat Chicken?

Yes! Cooked chicken is a great source of protein for dogs. It's best served plain without any seasoning, which can be harmful. Be sure to remove bones, as they can splinter and cause internal injuries.

7. Can Dogs Eat Eggs?

Yes! Cooked eggs are safe for dogs and are an excellent source of protein, vitamins, and minerals. Avoid feeding raw eggs due to the risk of bacterial infection

8. Can Dogs Eat Fish?

Yes! Cooked fish are safe and beneficial for dogs. Fish is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which promote a healthy coat and skin. Avoid raw fish and remove all bones before feeding.

9. Can Dogs Eat Grapes?

No! Grapes and raisins are highly toxic to dogs and can cause kidney failure. Even small amounts can be dangerous, so it's best to keep them away from your pet entirely. If your dog does accidently ingest, get to your veterinarian immediately.

10. Can Dogs Eat Peanut Butter?

Yes, but with caution. Peanut butter is safe for dogs in small amounts, provided it does not contain xylitol, a sweetener that is extremely toxic to dogs. Peanut butter can be a good source of protein and healthy fats when given in moderation.

11. Can Dogs Eat Popcorn?

In moderation. Plain, air-popped popcorn is safe for dogs in small quantities. Avoid adding salt, butter, or other seasonings, which can be harmful. Be cautious of unpopped kernels, which can be a choking hazard.

12. Can Dogs Eat Rice?

Yes! Cooked plain rice is safe for dogs and can be a good source of energy. It is often recommended for dogs with digestive issues as it is easy to digest. Brown rice is more nutritious than white rice but should be fed in moderation.

13. Can Dogs Eat Strawberries?

Yes! Strawberries are safe for dogs and are packed with vitamins, fiber, and antioxidants. They can help promote healthy aging. Just be sure to wash them thoroughly and remove the stem before feeding.

14. Can Dogs Eat Tomatoes?

Be cautious. Ripe tomatoes are generally safe for dogs in small amounts. However, the green parts of the plant, including stems and leaves, contain solanine, which is toxic to dogs. Avoid feeding unripe tomatoes and any green parts.

15. Can Dogs Eat Watermelon?

Yes! Watermelon is safe for dogs and is a hydrating treat, especially on hot days. It's low in calories and contains vitamins A, B6, and C. Remove the seeds and rind before feeding to avoid digestive issues.

16. Can Dogs Eat Pineapple?

Yes! Pineapple is safe for dogs in moderation. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Be sure to remove the tough skin and core before feeding to prevent choking.

17. Can Dogs Eat Blackberries?

Yes! Blackberries are a healthy treat for dogs. They are low in calories and high in vitamins, antioxidants, and fiber. They can be given fresh or frozen as a nutritious snack.

18. Can Dogs Eat Broccoli?

Broccoli is very healthy for dogs. It is high in fiber and vitamin C but can cause gastrointestinal upset if fed in large amounts. Cooked broccoli is best, but avoid any seasoning or added fats.

19. Can Dogs Eat Avocado?

Yes, but only the inner area. Avocado pits and skin contains high amounts of persin , which can be toxic to dogs.

20. Can Dogs Eat Cantaloupe?

Yes! Cantaloupe is safe for dogs and is a hydrating, low-calorie treat rich in vitamins A and C. Be sure to remove the seeds and rind before feeding to avoid choking and digestive issues.

21. Can Dogs Eat Corn?

Yes, but with caution. Plain, cooked corn kernels are safe for dogs. Avoid feeding corn on the cob, as it can cause choking or intestinal blockage if swallowed. Dogs love corn cobs but these will obstruct your dog and require surgery to remove. Make sure to deposit cobs in secure dog proof trash containers.

22. Can Dogs Eat Cucumbers?

Yes! Cucumbers are a safe, low-calorie treat for dogs. They are high in water content, making them a refreshing snack. Just be sure to cut them into bite-sized pieces to avoid choking.

23. Can Dogs Eat Mango?

Yes! Mango is safe for dogs in moderation. It is rich in vitamins A, B6, C, and E. Be sure to remove the pit, as it contains cyanide and can pose a choking hazard.

24. Can Dogs Eat Shrimp?

Yes! Cooked, plain shrimp is safe for dogs and can be a healthy source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids. Avoid feeding raw shrimp and remove the shell to prevent choking and digestive issues.

A Dog’s Diet

When it comes to feeding your dog, it's always best to stick to foods specifically formulated for canine nutrition. However, if you want to share a treat, many human foods are safe in moderation. Always introduce new foods gradually and monitor your dog for any adverse reactions. If you're ever in doubt about whether a certain food is safe for your dog, consult with your veterinarian.

Check out this list of 9 human foods that are toxic to pets (and their healthy alternatives)!

Itch Itch Go Away: A Dog Dermatology Discussion

Mon, 19 Aug 2024 17:14:00 GMT

Itching, otherwise known as pruritus, is more common than ever, but why? As a pet owner, the occasional itch is not something you necessarily have to worry about. When it becomes obsessive, recurrent, or disruptive to you and your pet, worry begins. Intense itching creates concern about your pet damaging their skin barrier and being extremely uncomfortable.

Skin cells work like a brick wall to keep out bacteria and yeast. Your dog or cat's rough tongue, sharp nails, or corn cobbing teeth break down the barrier letting microorganisms colonize the skin and create active infection. Skin infection is known as pyoderma. When skin infection sets in, we can see red irritated skin, raised bumps, scabbing, flaking, and compounding irritation and pain.

The Elusive Dog Itch

What leads to this itch? Certainly pets can enjoy ear and belly rubs just like a person appreciates a massage, but there are lots of factors that propel a normal habit into a health concern. Contributing factors include environmental allergens, food sensitivities , parasites , irritating soaps and detergents, and skin and ear infections. Everyone gets itchy sometimes, but when it is obsessive and repetitive, an assessment with a veterinarian should be completed to address the contributing factors.

In dogs and cats, the primary organ affected by allergies is the skin, unlike in humans, where the respiratory system is most impacted. This means that when pets are exposed to allergens such as pollen, grass, trees, molds, dust mites, and dander, they often exhibit symptoms like itchy paws, ears, and rear ends. These symptoms occur because the immune system overreacts to these allergens, leading to an inflammatory response. To accurately diagnose and treat these allergies, various testing options are available, with the most precise and conclusive testing conducted by veterinary dermatologists. These specialists focus on identifying and managing skin, nail, and hair disorders that are often influenced by allergic reactions.

Flea Allergy Dermatitis Irritation

Consider how reactive humans are to one fly buzzing by or landing on our skin. When fleas or other ectoparasites live on our pets, there are more than one, maybe hundreds. How itchy would we be? Can you imagine having bugs crawl all over your body and not being able to get them off? No wonder they chew themselves like a corn cob. They are miserable. That is what a pet who is not on preventive medications can experience once a flea infestation sets in.

With flea infestations in dogs , we will see hair loss near the base of the tail as well as scabbing, redness, irritation, and flaking skin that can extend over the entire body. Flea infestations in cats are similar, but often you may not find a live flea or flea dirt. Their excessive grooming removes this evidence making diagnosis in cats even more tricky. Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD) is the allergic reaction to a protein in the saliva of fleas which precipitates the itch. Did you know if your pet has a flea allergy, one bite can set them off for days of itchiness?

The best way to prevent FAD is to use prescription flea and tick preventive prescribed by your veterinarian. The quick kill of ectoparasites with prescription products reduces the exposure time to the saliva. Indoor only pets are not immune to exposure to fleas. Fleas are happy to catch a ride on people, pets, and other objects coming into your home. Only people are to blame when an indoor only pet is stricken with Flea Allergy Dermatitis.

Infection Ensues

When a pet experiences itching, it can compromise their protective skin barrier, paving the way for secondary skin infections. At this stage, simply addressing the itch with medication is insufficient; your pet will require antibiotics or antifungals. Incorporating a skin cytology as part of the diagnostic process is imperative. Identifying the specific organism causing the infection enables your veterinarian to prescribe the appropriate medication to effectively manage the infection.

Misuse or overuse of antibiotics can lead to dangerous bacterial resistance. A previous bacterial infection doesn't rule out the possibility of a yeast infection this time, skin infections can change, and so can the culprit! Only through cytology can these microscopic differences be accurately identified.

Itching destroys a pet's protective skin barrier allowing a secondary skin infection to develop. At this point, medication for the itch will not resolve your pet's suffering; they need an antibiotic or antifungal. The importance of a skin cytology as part of a diagnostic workup cannot be understated. Knowing the type of organism causing the infection allows your veterinarian to prescribe appropriate medications to control the infection portion of this disease process. Repeated or inappropriate use of antibiotics can lead to dangerous bacterial resistance. Just because there was a previous bacterial infection does not mean it isn't a yeast infection this time. Cytology is the only way to determine this microscopic difference.

Stop the Itch!

Let's talk about solutions for this itchy situation. Historically our pets have been limited to steroids. This treatment comes with serious side effects and potential complications because it blanketly suppresses the immune system.

Research regarding an itch signaling protein called IL-31 lead to the creation of Cytopoint and Apoquel. These medications specifically target the itching cascade by limiting its ability to signal a dog to itch.

Apoquel is a daily oral option that guards the cell receptors to prevent the transmission of the signal. It provides relief to your pet within hours of administration, but it is only active for just shy of a day. These tablets even come in a chewable flavored option designed not to trigger food-sensitive patients.
Cytopoint is a monoclonal antibody that attaches to circulating IL-31 so it cannot bind to the receptor. It must be administered as a subcutaneous injection by a veterinary professional every four weeks to start. Since the antibodies must spread out to find the IL-31, it can take a few days to eliminate the itch. Depending on the severity of your dog's allergies, the interval between injections may increase with time.

Both therapies may require an increase in dose frequency when more allergens stimulate the immune response. Our feline counterparts currently do not have as many options for allergies , but medications are currently in development. Hopefully, we will see more allergy medication options for cats in the years to come.

Itch, Itch Go Away!

Itchy skin and other dermatological issues can really affect your pet’s comfort and quality of life. By recognizing signs of allergies and infections early and seeking timely veterinary care, you can help keep your dog feeling their best.

Don't forget the basics like regular grooming, proper hygiene, and thoroughly drying your dog after baths or swims. If you notice persistent skin issues, making an appointment with your veterinarian will provide accurate diagnoses and targeted treatments. Taking these proactive steps will not only prevent skin problems but also help them to be happy and healthy. After all, a comfortable dog is a happy dog!

9 Health Tips Every Dog Owner Should Know on National Dog Day

Tue, 13 Aug 2024 19:20:00 GMT

As we celebrate National Dog Day , it’s a perfect time to reflect on the joy and companionship our canine friends bring to our lives. As veterinarians, we’re passionate about ensuring our loyal companions lead healthy, happy lives. In honor of this special day, we’ve compiled our top 9 health tips that every dog owner should know. These insights will help you provide the best care for your furry family member — not just today, but every day.

1. Schedule Regular Veterinary Checkups

Like you see your doctor for a yearly physical, your dog needs regular veterinary checkups . Preventive care is the foundation of good overall health, and routine veterinary visits are essential for catching potential issues early.

We recommend bringing your adult dog in for a checkup at least once a year, while puppies, seniors, and those with chronic conditions may need more frequent visits . During these checkups, we’ll perform a thorough physical examination, update vaccinations, and discuss any concerns you might have.

These visits also allow us to track your dog’s growth, weight, and overall health. Remember, your dog can’t tell you when something’s wrong, but these regular checkups can help us spot subtle changes that might indicate a developing health issue.

2. Fuel Your Dog’s Health with Proper Nutrition

Nutrition is the foundation of good health, and feeding your dog a balanced, appropriate diet is one of the most important things you can do for their well-being. Every dog is an individual, and their nutritional needs vary based on age, size, breed, and activity level.

Puppies need diets rich in proteins and calories to support growth, while senior dogs may benefit from lower-calorie foods with added joint support. Always choose high-quality dog food that meets AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) standards.

Be cautious about overfeeding. Obesity is a growing problem in pets and leads to numerous health issues. Use feeding guidelines on the package to start, but adjust based on your dog’s body condition and energy needs. And remember, treats should make up no more than 10% of your dog’s daily caloric intake.

3. Keep Their Tail Wagging with Daily Exercise

Regular physical activity is imperative for maintaining your dog’s physical and mental health. Exercise helps maintain proper weight, improves cardiovascular health, and can even help reduce behavioral problems.

The amount and type of exercise your dog needs depends on their breed, age, and health status. A young Border Collie will require much more intense exercise than a senior Bulldog. Generally, most dogs should get at least 30 minutes to 2 hours of daily activity.

4. Don’t Neglect Dental Care

Dog dental care is often overlooked, but it’s a crucial part of their overall well-being. Poor dental hygiene causes gum disease, pain, and tooth loss. It can even contribute to liver, heart, and kidney problems.

Ideally, you should brush your dog’s teeth daily or at least several times a week. If your dog won’t tolerate brushing, other options like dental chews, water additives, and special diets can help maintain oral health.

Even with good home care, dogs benefit from professional dental cleanings. During these procedures, your dog’s veterinarian can thoroughly clean below the gum line and identify issues that may not be visible to the naked eye.

5. Prevent Parasites

Parasites like fleas, ticks, heartworms, and intestinal worms cause serious health problems for your dog. The good news is that these are largely preventable with proper care.

< We recommend year-round parasite prevention , even if you think some parasites might not be active in colder months. Many safe and effective products, from topical treatments to oral medications, are available.

Watch for signs of parasite infestation, like:

Scratching
Visible fleas or ticks
Changes in appetite
Lethargy/decreased energy
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Pot bellied appearance in puppies
Worms in stool

If you notice any of these signs, contact your veterinarian promptly.

6. Shield Your Canine Companion with Vaccinations

Vaccinations safeguard your dog against serious and potentially fatal diseases. Core vaccines, which all dogs require , typically include those for rabies, distemper, parvovirus, and canine hepatitis.

Your dog may need noncore vaccines based on their lifestyle and risk factors. These might include vaccines for Bordetella (kennel cough), Lyme disease, or canine influenza.

Puppies require a series of vaccines to build their immunity, followed by regular boosters throughout their life. Your veterinarian will help you determine a vaccination schedule for your dog based on their age, health status, and risk factors.

7. Exercise Their Mind

Mental stimulation is as important to your canine companion’s overall well-being as physical exercise. Puzzle and treat-dispensing toys are great ways to keep your dog’s mind active. They are especially useful for dogs who are left alone for extended periods or those with limited mobility.

Training sessions, even just a few minutes a day, provide excellent mental stimulation, too. Teaching new tricks or reinforcing known commands keeps your dog’s mind sharp while strengthening your bond.

Socialization is another crucial aspect of mental health. Expose your dog to various people, animals, and environments, especially during puppyhood, to help them become well-adjusted adults.

8. Make Grooming a Priority

Grooming isn’t just about keeping your canine companion looking their best. It’s also an important part of keeping them feeling their best. Check out the 5 grooming things you should check on your dog every month ! Brushing distributes natural oils through the coat, removes dead hair and skin, and gives you a chance to check for abnormalities like lumps, bumps, or areas of irritation.

How often your dog requires bathing depends on their coat type and lifestyle, but be careful to avoid bathing too frequently, as this can strip the natural oils from their skin. Use a shampoo formulated for dogs, as human products can disrupt the pH balance of their skin.

Don’t forget about nail care. If you hear your dog’s claws clicking on the floor, it’s time for a trim. Long nails cause discomfort and can even lead to skeletal issues over time. Pay attention to your dog’s paw pads, too. Check regularly for cuts, cracks, or foreign objects, and consider using paw balm in extreme weather conditions.

9. Know When to Seek Immediate Care

While we hope you’ll never need this information, it’s crucial to recognize signs that your dog needs immediate medical attention.

Some situations that warrant an emergency vet visit include:

Difficulty breathing
Severe bleeding or trauma
Suspected poisoning
Seizures
Severe vomiting or diarrhea, especially if accompanied by lethargy or pain
Inability to urinate
Collapse or loss of consciousness

In these situations, every minute counts. Knowing the location and contact information for your nearest emergency veterinary clinic before you need it is a good idea.

Celebrating National Dog Day Through Better Health Practices

As we celebrate National Dog Day, remember that the best way to honor our canine companions is by providing them with the best possible care. These health tips are not just for today. They’re practices that can enhance your dog’s quality of life every day of the year.

Remember, your veterinary team is always here to support you and your furry friend. We’re partners in your dog’s health care, so don’t hesitate to schedule an appointment with us. Here’s to many more happy, healthy National Dog Days to come!

The Crucial Role of Anesthesia in Veterinary Dental Care

Tue, 13 Aug 2024 18:50:00 GMT

A healthy mouth plays a vital role in the well-being of both humans and animals. In veterinary medicine, ensuring proper dental care for your dog or cat will help maintain their health, prevent dental related diseases, and promote a long and happy life. One of the most important aspects of professional teeth cleanings and treatments for dogs and cats is the appropriate use of anesthesia. In this blog, we’ll walk you through why veterinary anesthesia is used in dental procedures for dogs and cats , and how it can help ensure your pet gets thorough, effective, and safe treatments.

Is Anesthesia Really Necessary for My Pet’s Dental Care?

When the subject of anesthesia is brought up when clients are being briefed on veterinary dental procedures, it’s not uncommon for them to be unsure and ask, “Is anesthesia really necessary for this?”

The use of anesthesia is most commonly associated with major procedures or surgeries , and some pet parents are surprised to learn that it’s also widely used in veterinary dentistry for everything from routine cleanings and comprehensive oral exams to tooth extractions and more. The use of anesthesia in veterinary dental procedures is a key factor in patient safety and comfort. In fact, veterinary dentistry guidelines from numerous organizations, like the American Animal Hospital Association, discourage performing any procedure that involves scaling a pet’s teeth with dental instruments while they are fully awake due to safety, efficacy, and ethical concerns .

While it may be tempting to opt for an anesthesia-free dental care option, like those offered by some groomers or pet stores, dental procedures done without anesthesia can not only be less effective, but also more stressful and risky for your pet .

Anesthesia and the Standard of Care for Veterinary Dentistry

Professional veterinary and dental organizations agree that the benefits of utilizing anesthesia for veterinary dental procedures far outweigh any risks associated with anesthesia use. Due to its effectiveness and, most importantly, safety, they have deemed anesthesia use part of veterinary dental standards of care.

Anesthesia ensures that pets remain still and comfortable during procedures, allowing veterinarians to perform thorough examinations and treatments without causing stress or pain to the animal. By following stringent protocols and meeting acceptable standards of care, veterinarians prioritize the well-being of pets, ensuring they receive the highest quality of dental care in a safe and controlled environment. Now that we’ve established why veterinarians use anesthesia the way we do for dental care, let’s dive into the biggest aspect of dental anesthesia: patient safety.

The "Root" of the Issue: Patient Safety and Comfort

Professional teeth cleanings and veterinary dental treatments can include scaling, polishing, and extractions. Anesthesia eliminates the opportunity for stress and anxiety that would occur if the patient remained awake. Because dental tartar is cemented on the teeth, a scaling device is used to remove it. This requires the patient to remain immobile during the procedure. A slight movement by the patient can cause damage to the gum tissue, resulting in pain, further dental complications, or even harm to those treating the pet.

The majority of dental disease is located below the gumline, making precision and accuracy essential. Because such delicate movements are required to scale and then probe each individual tooth, it's important for the pet to remain completely still – which can be an unrealistic ask for even the most obedient or well trained pets. In human dental care, we understand and cooperate with these procedures, but we can’t expect the same from our pets. It would not be safe or ethical to complete these tasks on a dog or cat unless the patient has the benefits of anesthesia.

Inhalation anesthesia, using a cuffed endotracheal tube, provides many advantages to patient safety. Not only does it provide immobilization of the patient for safe and effective cleaning, treatments, and pain management, but the cuffed endotracheal tube protects your pet's airway. If they are awake, there is concern about inhaling water (aspiration), which can lead to complications for your pet beyond their dental issues, as this fluid is filled with bacteria and can result in severe lung infections.

How Anesthesia for Pet Dental Care Works & What to Expect

Though putting your pet under anesthesia can feel dangerous or make you feel uneasy, rest assured that we do everything in our ability to make it as safe as possible. Before every surgery in our clinics, we require pre-anesthetic or pre-surgical blood work . This allows our doctors to have an inside look at your pet's internal body function to make sure they have the ability to process the anesthetic medications and heal.

On the day of the procedure, every patient receives an additional pre-surgical exam. An IV (intravenous) catheter is then placed in every patient prior to the start of their surgery or procedure. Having IV access is key to maintaining hydration with fluids as well as administering any medications they may need before, during, or after the procedure. A Registered Veterinary Technician (RVT) is monitoring them the entire time. The RVT monitors vitals including oxygen, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG), among others and adjusts the amount of inhalant anesthesia based on these findings. Temperature is also evaluated throughout the duration of the procedure, and warming devices are used when appropriate to ensure your pet’s comfort.

Safety in Veterinary Dentistry Is Our Top Priority

Your pet's well-being is our top priority, and we are proud of the thoroughness and tailoring of our surgical and anesthetic protocol for your pet. While there is always a risk with anesthesia, we do everything in our ability to reduce this risk while providing safe professional teeth cleaning procedures.

For more information, please visit the American Veterinary Dental College regarding this topic.

Allergic Skin Disease in Pets: Ear Infections

Mon, 12 Aug 2024 20:31:00 GMT

In my last article, we discussed airborne allergies and the skin problems they cause . Today, we will be focusing on the ears.

Ear infections are absolutely no fun for pets or their owners. These infections often leave pets uncomfortable and pet owners worried about their dog or cat and the level of pain they’re in. Understanding how ear infections come about, as well as the immediate symptoms they can cause, can help pet owners be proactive about getting treatment started and avoid any unnecessary pain or further complications. Unfortunately, sometimes, a pet owner’s general understanding of ear infections is flawed and can lead to our furry friends suffering from the symptoms of infection longer than they need to.

In this blog, I’ll be diving into the details of ear infections in dogs and cats and explain why allergies are more often than not the root cause of the problem. Let’s get started.

Understanding Pet Ear Infections

The Anatomy of Our Pets’ Ears

The first hurdle to understanding ear infections in our pets is our tendency to relate them to people's ear infections. In humans, the infection is typically inside of the eardrum in the middle or inner chambers of the ear (basically in the skull). These infections, known as otitis media or otitis interna, are often caused by liquids seeping through a tear in the eardrum (advanced swimmer's ear ) or via the bloodstream. We call these otitis media or otitis interna.

In pets, however, it is far more common to see otitis externa , a skin infection of the ear canal. A dog’s ear canal is super long – it’s about 6-10 times the length of a human's! Not only are they long, but they undergo an almost 90-degree turn as they approach the opening we actually see. This long tube of skin will react to allergens the same way the rest of the skin does: it will become inflamed, itchy, and hot.

How Allergens Create the Conditions for Ear Infections

When certain pollens, molds, or other organic particles increase in the pet's environment, they will interact with the skin of the ear canal; allergic pets will respond by scratching at the ears, rubbing their heads on the floors/furniture, and shaking, sometimes violently. All of this trauma will cause micro-tears in the skin barrier of the ear canal. Like the skin, there is always a layer of bacteria and yeast inside the canal that is kept in check by the healthy skin.

Once these tears occur and the inflammation becomes worse, these pathogens can migrate into the deeper skin of the ear canal and become an established infection. Because of the size and location of the ear canal, dogs can then start scratching or rubbing their cheek areas very hard against the floors to get irritation. This leads to deep skin infections (hot spots) in those areas.

Recognizing Ear Infections In Pets

Symptoms of ear infections in pets can vary based on the severity of the infection, as well as how much your pet is affected by one. Some common signs your pet may be suffering from an ear infection brought on by allergens include:

Scratching of the ear or area around the ear
Brown, yellow, or bloody discharge
Odor in the ear
Redness or scabs on inside of the outer ear
Hair loss around the ear
Rubbing of the ear and surrounding area on the floor or furniture
Head shaking or head tilt
Loss of balance
Unusual eye movements
Walking in circles
Hearing loss

Treating and Soothing Ear Infections in Cats and Dogs

As with skin infections, the first step is to address the underlying allergy . The new oral medication and long-acting monoclonal antibody injection are both viable and highly effective options.

The next step for veterinarians is to determine the pathogens causing the infection. We will take swabs from the ear canal and examine them under the microscope. This allows us to determine the types of bacteria and/or yeast growing in the tissue, as well as the ratios of these pathogens to each other. The reasons this is important are twofold: 1) It allows us to pick the appropriate treatment plan, and 2) We are now living in the age of antibiotic-resistant superbugs . If a pet fails to respond to the treatment, a recheck of the samples will tell us if we may be dealing with a superbug and direct us to perform a culture.

The treatment of ear infections has significantly advanced in recent years. In the past, we relied on home treatments, often involving daily cleaning and medication application, which could be a challenging task — and could even be wholly ineffective due to non-compliant owners or mistakes in treatment administration. However, for the last five years, we have had long-acting treatments available. These allow us to do a thorough cleaning at the office and apply special gels that will treat the allergic reactions and infection for 14-30 days, all while the owners do nothing at all at home. While some cases may still require at-home cleaning and treatment, those cases have become very rare. This progress in treatment options should give you confidence in working with your veterinarian and managing your pet's ear health.

After treatment has commenced, we will typically recheck the ears 1-2 weeks after treatment to ensure there are no resistant bacteria present and assess healing. This thorough recheck is crucial in preventing one of these superbugs from taking over the ear canal and migrating into the inner chambers. By catching any potential issues early, we can avoid a disaster, sometimes necessitating surgical removal of the ear canal and drilling into the skull.

Prevention Is Key

Just as with skin infections, the key to managing ear infections is prevention. If your dog is treated early or consistently for its underlying allergies before the ear shaking and scratching occurs, the chance of developing an ear infection drops dramatically. It's important to be proactive and talk to your veterinarian about these new, safe options.

Check out Part Three of this series, where I will discuss Food Allergies.

Can My Cat Eat That? The Most Commonly Asked Culprits Answered by a Veterinarian

Fri, 26 Jul 2024 17:06:00 GMT

As a cat owner, you’ve probably wondered, “Can my cat eat that?” while your cat chomps away on something they found behind the fridge. Whether it’s a piece of fruit, a bite of your dinner, or a curious nibble on a houseplant , our feline friends often show interest in foods and items that aren’t typically part of their diet.

Understanding what’s safe and what’s not can be tricky. In this blog, we’ll answer some of the most common “Can my cat eat that?” questions, providing you with the knowledge you need to keep your curious kitty healthy and happy . So, let’s dive into the world of feline nutrition and safety, and clear up any confusion about what’s truly safe for your cat to eat!

Cat Diet Basics

Before we get into more non-traditional snacks for your cat, let’s go over what your feline actually needs to be healthy first .

Cats are obligate carnivores, meaning they are designed to eat primarily meat. Their bodies require nutrients that are most readily available in animal tissues. A proper diet for a cat should be high in protein, moderate in fat, and low in carbohydrates. Essential nutrients for cats include taurine, arachidonic acid, vitamin A, and vitamin D, which they cannot produce in sufficient quantities on their own and must be obtained from their diet.

Quality commercial cat foods are formulated to provide a balanced diet, but always look for products that list meat as the first ingredient. Fresh water should always be available to keep them hydrated . Providing your cat with a diet that meets these nutritional needs will help them live a healthy and vibrant life.

Can My Cat Eat…

1. Can cats eat chocolate?

Absolutely not! Chocolate contains theobromine and caffeine, both of which are toxic to cats . Even small amounts can cause symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, rapid breathing, and seizures.

2. Can cats eat grapes or raisins?

No, grapes and raisins can cause kidney failure in cats. Symptoms may include vomiting, lethargy, and abdominal pain. It's best to keep these fruits out of reach.

3. Are onions and garlic safe for cats?

No, onions and garlic can damage a cat's red blood cells, leading to anemia. Whether raw, cooked, or in powdered form, these foods are highly toxic to cats.

4. Can cats drink milk?

Many cats are lactose intolerant, which means dairy products can cause digestive issues such as diarrhea and upset stomach. Opt for specially formulated cat milk if you want to treat your cat.

5. Is avocado safe for cats?

While small amounts of avocado might not be harmful, it contains persin, which can be toxic in larger quantities. It's better to avoid feeding your cat avocado.

6. Can cats have alcohol?

Absolutely not! Alcohol is extremely toxic to cats and can cause severe liver and brain damage. Even a small amount can be fatal.

7. Can cats drink coffee?

No, caffeine is dangerous for cats and can lead to rapid heart rate, tremors, and even death. Keep coffee and other caffeinated beverages away from your feline friend.

8. Are bones and fat trimmings safe for cats?

Feeding your cat bones or fat trimmings can lead to digestive upset and pose a choking hazard. Cooked bones are particularly dangerous as they can splinter and cause internal damage.

9. Can cats eat raw eggs?

Raw eggs carry the risk of bacterial infection and contain avidin, which can lead to biotin deficiency. It's safer to avoid feeding your cat raw eggs.

10. Is raw fish okay for cats?

Feeding your cat raw fish can result in thiamine deficiency, leading to neurological problems. Cooked fish is a better option but should be given in moderation.

11. Can cats eat dog food?

Dog food lacks the essential nutrients that cats need, such as taurine. Feeding your cat dog food regularly can lead to malnutrition.

12. Can cats eat tuna?

While an occasional bite of human-grade tuna is safe, it should not be a regular part of your cat's diet. Tuna lacks essential nutrients and too much can lead to mercury poisoning.

13. Is bread safe for cats?

Bread in small amounts is generally safe, but yeast dough can expand in a cat's stomach, causing serious health issues. Avoid feeding your cat raw dough.

14. Can cats eat peanut butter?

Peanut butter is safe in small amounts but is high in fat. It should be given as an occasional treat rather than a regular part of the diet.

15. Are citrus fruits good for cats?

Citrus fruits can cause gastrointestinal upset in cats. The essential oils and compounds found in citrus can also be toxic, so it's best to avoid them.

16. Can cats eat nuts?

Nuts are high in fat and can be harmful to cats. Certain nuts, like macadamia nuts, are especially toxic and should be avoided entirely.

17. Can cats eat candy or gum?

Candy and gum often contain xylitol, which is highly toxic to cats. Even small amounts can lead to liver failure and death. Keep all sweets out of your cat's reach.

18. Can cats eat bacon or ham?

Cured meats like ham and bacon contain high levels of sodium. High quantities of sodium can lead to sodium ion poisoning which can result in death on occasion. Even just the grease from bacon can cause intestinal inflammation and a subsequent pancreatitis . These items should never be on the menu for your cats.

Snacks for Your Cats

While cats should primarily eat a balanced diet of commercial cat food, there are some human foods that can be safe and enjoyable snacks for them. Here are a few:

Cooked Meat: Small pieces of cooked chicken, turkey, or lean beef can be a great protein-rich snack for your cat.
Fish: Cooked fish, like salmon or tuna, can be a tasty treat, but it should be given in moderation to avoid excessive mercury intake.
Eggs: Fully cooked eggs are a good source of protein and can be offered as an occasional treat.
Pumpkin: Plain, canned pumpkin (not the spiced pie filling) can be beneficial for a cat's digestion and is a tasty treat.
Blueberries: These small fruits are safe for cats and can provide antioxidants. Offer them in small quantities.
Carrots: Cooked carrots can be a crunchy snack that provides vitamins, but make sure they are soft enough to avoid choking hazards.
Bananas: Small pieces of banana can be a sweet and safe treat for your cat in moderation.
Cheese: Some cats can enjoy small amounts of cheese, but be cautious as many cats are lactose intolerant.

Always check with your veterinarian to get their opinion for your unique cat and what snacks would be best for them. Any snacks given should always be in small quantities and introduced slowly so you can keep an eye out for any adverse reactions. Remember, these treats should only complement a balanced diet, not replace it.

Understanding Your Cat’s Appetite

It's been fun exploring these common "Can my cat eat that?" questions with you. While it's great to know which human foods are safe for your feline friend, it's always best to stick with food specifically formulated for feline nutrition. These specialized diets ensure your cat gets all the essential nutrients they need to stay healthy and happy.

If you're ever in doubt about whether a certain food is safe for your cat, consult with your veterinarian or play it safe and put it away for now. Here's to keeping your curious kitty safe and well-nourished!

Using Nutrition For Canine Enrichment

Tue, 23 Jul 2024 18:36:00 GMT

Engaging a dog's mind can be as essential as physical exercise. Mental stimulation helps prevent boredom, reduces anxiety, and promotes better behavior for our pups. It inevitably helps prevent destructive behaviors that often stem from a lack of mental engagement. Regular mental stimulation can enhance your dog's cognitive abilities, improve problem-solving skills, and increase their overall happiness!

Certain breeds, such as Border Collies, Poodles, and German Shepherds, have higher intelligence and energy levels, making them more prone to boredom and in need of greater mental challenges. Providing mentally stimulating activities, such as puzzle toys, training exercises, and interactive play, ensures that these dogs remain engaged and content, leading to a healthier and more fulfilling life. These toys are designed to challenge your dog's mind and body, providing a fun and engaging outlet for their energy. They also offer a fantastic opportunity for you to bond with your pet.

Incorporating nutrition into mental stimulation activities can elevate the experience, making it more engaging and rewarding for your pet. By using nutritious treats and kibble in puzzle toys and enrichment games, you not only stimulate your dog's mind but also contribute to their physical health. Come along with us as we explore some great staples to try with your dog, and give your pet a boost of both mental and nutritional benefits!

Figuring Out the Right Engagement Toy for Your Dog

When selecting a good engagement toy or method for your particular pup, keep these four things in mind to provide your pet with safe and effective options:

Size of Your Pet

The size of your dog plays a big role in choosing the right toy. Smaller dogs require smaller toys that they can easily manipulate, while larger dogs need more substantial toys that can withstand their strength. Always check the toy's size recommendations to confirm it's appropriate for your dog's breed and size.

Complexity of the Puzzle

The complexity of the puzzle toy should match your dog's problem-solving skills and experience with such toys. For beginners, start with simpler toys that require minimal effort to get the reward. As your dog becomes more adept, you can introduce more challenging puzzles that require a higher level of mental engagement. This progression keeps your dog interested and continuously challenged.

Preferred Method of Play

Consider your dog's play style when selecting a toy. Some dogs love to chew, making toys like Kongs or durable puzzle balls ideal. Others might prefer toys that involve sniffing and foraging, such as snuffle mats. Observe your dog's natural tendencies and preferences to choose a toy that will keep them engaged and entertained.

Safety First!

Safety is important when introducing new toys to your pet. You want to make sure that the toy is made of non-toxic materials and is durable enough to withstand your dog's play without breaking into small, swallowable pieces. Always supervise your dog when they're playing with new toys, especially if they tend to be aggressive chewers. Regularly inspect toys for signs of wear and tear, and replace them if they become damaged.

Our Top 3 Nutritional Canine Enrichment Activities

Snuffle Mats

Snuffle mats are excellent for mental stimulation and allowing your dog to use their powerful sense of smell. With over 300 million scent receptors in their noses, dogs can engage in a "hunt" as they sniff out treats hidden in the mat. These mats can be homemade or purchased and typically range from $20 to $40. You can find snuffle mats on Amazon or Ruffle Snuffle Mats . Check out this video on how to create your very own snuffle mat at home .

Puzzle Bowls & Toys

Puzzle toys are fantastic for working your dog's brain while also providing physical stimulation. They come in various shapes and sizes, such as balls, bowls, muffin tins, and kongs. These toys can make mealtime more fun by encouraging your dog to work for their kibble, promoting movement and mental engagement. Some puzzles require dogs to press buttons to dispense food or treats, adding an extra layer of challenge. Freezing kibble or treats in puzzle toys can extend playtime and slow down fast eaters, supporting healthy digestion. Some of our favorite puzzle toys are available on Outward Hound , Brightkins , or Amazon . Here is one of our favorite puzzle balls , available on Amazon.

D.I.Y Puzzle Bowls & Toys

Creating puzzle toys at home with everyday household items is easy and budget-friendly! Here are a few ideas:

Frozen Muffin Tin Treats: Fill a muffin tin with treats or kibble, add water (or peanut butter), and freeze overnight. You can also use fresh fruits or vegetables like blueberries, apple slices (seeds and core removed), bananas, strawberries (in moderation), broccoli, carrots, celery, and green beans.
Covered Muffin Tin: Place treats, kibble, or small pieces of fruits and veggies in the bottom of a muffin tin. Cover each compartment with a tennis ball or similar-sized ball. Your dog will have to move the balls to access the treats.
Sniffari Adventure: Take your dog on a "Sniffari" by exploring a new environment. Bring high-value treats and hide them along the way, encouraging your dog to sniff them out. This activity promotes mental stimulation and provides a great bonding experience.

Enrichment toys are a fantastic way to enhance your dog's life, keeping them mentally sharp and physically active. Always consider your dog's size and monitor their use of these toys for your pet’s safety. If you have any questions about selecting the right enrichment toys or want more recommendations, don't hesitate to reach out to us. Happy enriching!

Why Indoor Cats Need Vaccines and Preventative Care, Too!

Tue, 23 Jul 2024 18:30:00 GMT

As a cat owner, you might believe that keeping your feline friend indoors shields them from all dangers and health issues. While indoor cats are generally safer from many outdoor hazards, they still require vaccines and preventative care to ensure a long, healthy life.

Let's dive into why vaccines and regular veterinary check-ups are essential for indoor cats and explore the core and optional vaccines recommended for our indoor companions.

Why Indoor Cats Need Vaccines: Things Can Travel Indoors

Even if your cat never steps outside, germs and viruses can make their way into your home. Bacteria and viruses can hitch a ride on your shoes, clothes, or other pets. This exposure puts your indoor cat at risk for diseases that could easily be prevented with vaccines.

Here are some common diseases and bacteria that can affect indoor cats:

1. Feline Panleukopenia (FPV)

Feline Panleukopenia (also known as feline distemper) is a highly contagious viral disease that can be brought into the home on shoes or clothing. This virus is similar to canine parvovirus and can survive in the environment for extended periods and causes severe gastrointestinal issues, dehydration, and even death.

2. Feline Herpesvirus (FHV-1) and Calicivirus (FCV)

Feline Herpesvirus and Calicivirus are the primary causes of upper respiratory infections in cats. These viruses can be carried on human clothing, hands, and other pets, leading to symptoms such as sneezing, nasal discharge, and conjunctivitis in cats. Both of these viruses have the potential to cause chronic disease requiring lifelong treatment and management.

3. Rabies

Rabies is a 100% fatal disease that affects the nervous system of every mammal. This virus is still highly prevalent in parts of our country, specifically in wildlife species like bats and foxes. This virus is transmitted through bites from infected animals. If a rabid animal's saliva comes into contact with an open wound or mucous membranes, it poses a risk. Given every cat’s propensity to hunt and natural curiosity, it is essential to keep your cat's rabies vaccination up-to-date.

4. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)

Feline Leukemia Virus is a viral infection that suppresses the immune system and can lead to anemia and cancer. While it primarily spreads through direct contact with infected cats, it can also be brought into the home via shoes or clothing contaminated with infected saliva or urine. This disease is particularly concerning in multi-cat households

5. Bordetella bronchiseptica

Bordetella bronchiseptica causes respiratory infections in cats. This bacterium is transmitted by respiratory droplets or can be carried on human clothing or other pets, leading to symptoms like coughing, sneezing, and nasal discharge in cats.

6. Chlamydia felis

Chlamydia felis is a bacterium that causes conjunctivitis and upper respiratory symptoms in cats. It can be transmitted via contaminated clothing, hands, or other pets, particularly in multi-cat households.

7. Fungal Infections (Ringworm)

Ringworm is a fungal infection that can affect cats and humans. The spores can be carried into the home on human skin, clothing, or other pets, leading to itchy, circular lesions on the skin.

8. Intestinal Parasites (Giardia, Toxoplasmosis)

Giardia and Toxoplasmosis are intestinal parasites that can be transmitted to cats through contaminated soil or fecal matter on shoes. These parasites cause gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss, plus almost all intestinal parasites are zoonotic, meaning, they can cause human disease as well.

9. Fleas and Ticks

Fleas and ticks can hitch a ride on clothing, shoes, or other pets and infest indoor cats. These parasites not only cause itching and discomfort but can also transmit diseases such as Feline Infectious Anemia, Lyme disease, and Plague.

Why Indoor Cats Need Vaccines: Cats Can Escape

Even the most vigilant cat owners know that accidents happen. A door left ajar, a window screen pushed loose, or a quick dash outside can expose your indoor cat to the same diseases and parasites as outdoor cats. Estimates indicate that around 1 in 4 indoor cats may escape outdoors at least once in their lifetime , either through open doors, windows, or other unexpected means. Vaccines act as a safeguard, providing your cat protection in unexpected situations.

Preventative Measures to Keep Your Cat Protected

The 3 Core Vaccines for Cats

Core vaccines are essential for all cats , whether indoor or outdoor. They protect against highly contagious and potentially deadly diseases.

Feline Panleukopenia (FPV) (Feline Distemper)
Feline Herpesvirus (FHV-1) and Calicivirus (FCV)
Rabies

Optional Vaccines for Cats

Optional, or non-core, vaccines may be recommended based on your cat's lifestyle, health status, and risk of exposure. Discuss with your veterinarian to determine if these vaccines are appropriate for your indoor cat.

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)
Bordetella
Chlamydia felis

The Importance of Preventative Care

Regular veterinary visits are not just for vaccinations. Preventative care includes routine check-ups, dental care, parasite control, and early detection of health issues. Let’s look at 5 pieces of preventative care that can enhance your cat's life.

Early Detection of Illnesses: Cats are masters at hiding illness. Regular veterinary check-ups every 6-12 months plus yearly preventative blood work can help catch health issues early before they become severe. Additionally, early detection allows you and your veterinarian more treatment options and a more positive long term prognosis.
Dental Health: Dental disease is extremely common in cats and can lead to severe pain and other health issues like kidney disease. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are crucial for maintaining your cat's oral and overall health and longevity.
Parasite Control: Indoor cats can still be at risk for parasites like fleas, ticks, and intestinal worms. Regular preventative treatments help keep these pesky invaders at bay.
Weight Management: Obesity is a common issue in indoor cats due to a lack of exercise. Your vet can provide guidance on proper nutrition and exercise to keep your cat at a healthy weight and prevent diseases like diabetes and kidney disease.
Hygiene: Make sure to keep your cat’s food and water bowls clean at all times and avoid using plastic dishes (use glass, porcelain or metal). If possible, clean your cat’s litter box daily or as often as you can and take note of any changes to your cat’s litter box activity. Depending on your cat, you should brush or assist with grooming weekly. Regularly clean your cat’s living environment, such as bedding, cat towers and perches or commonly used blankets. All cats should have access to scratching posts or scratching pads to keep their nails healthy. If you have had contact with cats outside of your household or if you have stray cats living near your house, remove your shoes at the door, and wash your hands before handling your cat.

Keeping Your Cat Covered

Keeping your indoor cat healthy involves more than just providing a safe environment. Vaccinations and preventative care are crucial components of responsible pet ownership. By giving your cat the necessary vaccines and attending regular check-ups, you're taking proactive steps to protect them from preventable diseases and supporting them to live a long, happy, healthy life.

Why Skipping Cat Wellness Visits Can Be Risky: A Veterinarian's Point of View

Fri, 21 Jun 2024 15:12:00 GMT

When it comes to our feline friends, the old saying "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure" is accurate. For most of us, our cats are more than just pets—they're a member of the family. Unfortunately, cats are masters at hiding their ailments. They don’t tell us when something is wrong. As a veterinarian, I find whiskered companions often mask symptoms until conditions become advanced and are harder to treat. This is why proactive, twice-a-year wellness exams are important for maintaining our cat’s long-term health and quality of life.

Let’s take some time to explore why wellness visits are particularly beneficial, especially as your cat ages. From early detection of diseases to essential preventive care, I'll explain how these regular check-ups can make a big difference for your cat and why skipping these visits can be risky for your furry friend.

What Are Feline Wellness Visits?

Wellness visits for your cat are more than just a check-up, they help lay the groundwork to see how your unique feline grows and develops throughout their lives. As your veterinarian, we will check your cat from whiskers to tail, looking for various abnormalities such as dental disease , ear infection, heart murmur, lumps, bumps, or signs of pain. This includes examining the eyes, ears, mouth, teeth, skin, and coat. It’s important to note that dental health is often overlooked but is incredibly critical for your cat’s overall health. During this time together, we will check for signs of dental disease, which can not only cause pain and inflammation but also lead to more severe health issues as your cat ages.

We will discuss your cat's diet , lifestyle, and behavior. We take the time to assess your cat's body condition score to determine if they are underweight, overweight, or just right because both weight loss and gain can indicate underlying health problems By checking in on these areas, we are able to discuss if your cat is receiving the right nutrition and stimulation. Adjustments to diet and environment can significantly improve your cat's health and happiness!

Lastly, we will discuss the blood work needed for your cat’s individual needs. These tests are invaluable in detecting hidden diseases and to keep an eye on your cat’s baseline. Blood work can reveal hidden issues such as anemia, kidney disease, or diabetes, while urine tests can detect infections, crystals or early screening of kidney disease.

Importance of Feline Vaccinations and Parasite Control

Vaccinations are one of the most effective ways to protect your cat from serious and potentially life-threatening diseases. During a wellness visit, your veterinarian will ensure your cat is up to date on essential vaccinations, such as those for feline distemper, feline herpesvirus and calicivirus, and rabies. Keeping your cat's vaccinations current not only protects them but also contributes to the health of the broader feline community by preventing the spread of contagious diseases.

Parasites such as fleas, ticks, and intestinal worms can cause significant discomfort and health issues for your cat. During regular check-ups, your vet will discuss appropriate parasite prevention and treatment options tailored to your cat’s lifestyle and environment. Remember, Wellness visits are more than just a quick once-over; they’re a thorough examination of your cat’s overall health!

Conditions Best Caught Early

Regular wellness visits can help catch various conditions early, improving treatment success rates and outcomes. Some of these conditions include:

Kidney Disease: Early-stage kidney disease often has no symptoms but can be detected through blood and urine tests. Early intervention can slow disease progression and improve your cat’s quality of life.
Hyperthyroidism : This common condition in older cats can cause weight loss, increased appetite, and hyperactivity. Early detection through blood tests allows for timely treatment, preventing complications.
Diabetes : Monitoring weight and blood glucose levels can help catch diabetes early. Early treatment can help manage the disease effectively and prevent severe complications.
Arthritis: Older cats often develop arthritis, which can be hard to detect as cats tend to hide pain. Regular exams can help identify subtle signs of arthritis, allowing for early management and pain relief.

The Risks of Skipping Your Cat's Wellness Visits

Neglecting regular wellness visits can pose significant risks to your cat’s health. Here’s why skipping these appointments can be detrimental:

Missed Detection: Many serious conditions, such as kidney disease , hyperthyroidism, and diabetes, show few symptoms in the early stages. Without regular check-ups, these diseases can progress unnoticed, leading to more severe health issues and complicated treatments.
Uncontrolled Chronic Conditions: For cats with existing health problems, infrequent vet visits can result in poorly managed conditions. This can cause unnecessary suffering and a decline in their quality of life.
Preventive Care Gaps: Skipping wellness visits means missing out on crucial preventive care measures, like vaccinations and parasite control. This increases the risk of infections and diseases that could otherwise be easily prevented.
Dental Disease Progression: Without regular dental check-ups , dental disease can advance, leading to pain, tooth loss, and even systemic infections that affect other organs.
Behavioral Issues Overlooked: Changes in behavior can be early indicators of health problems. Regular wellness visits allow discussing any behavioral changes and addressing underlying health issues before they become severe.

Give Your Cat All You’ve Got, They Deserve It

Regular wellness visits are a big part of keeping your cat healthy and happy. From vaccinations and parasite control to comprehensive health assessments and chronic condition management, these visits allow you and your veterinary team to provide the best possible care for your feline friend.

By committing to preventive care and regular check-ups, you’re giving your cat the gift of a longer, healthier, and more comfortable life. Trust your veterinary team to partner with you in supporting your kitty’s health, ensuring they receive the care they need at every stage of their life.

Dog Zoomies: Freeing the Fun and Appreciating the Frenetic Frenzy

Thu, 06 Jun 2024 19:11:00 GMT

If you're a dog owner, you've likely witnessed the hilarious spectacle of your furry friend suddenly bursting into a wild sprint around the house or yard. These moments of intense, positive energy are commonly known as "zoomies." But what exactly are zoomies, why do they happen, and what do they mean?

Let’s have some fun today and explore the silly nature and delightful world of dog zoomies.

What Are Dog Zoomies?

Has your dog ever zoomed past you, around the room, up on the couch, back to the door, and then did it all over again… and again… and again? And let’s not leave out the hilarious moment when they randomly stop to stare at you with that doggish grin! These are dog zoomies. Still not sure what a zoomie is? Take a peek online Pet parents around the world catch their pups in these loops, and it can keep you entertained and laughing for hours.

These periods are actually formally known as Frenetic Random Activity Periods (FRAPs). They are classified as sudden bursts of high-energy activity where dogs run around in a seemingly uncontrolled manner. During these episodes, dogs may sprint in circles, dart back and forth, and exhibit exuberant playfulness. While zoomies can occur at any time, they are most commonly observed in the morning, after a bath, or following a period of rest.

Rest assured, zoomies are natural and healthy behaviors in dogs! They reflect your pet’s need to release pent-up energy and indicate that your dog is happy and comfortable in its environment. You may notice your young dog or puppy having these activity periods more frequently than an older pet. Whenever and wherever these occur, take it as a positive note—they are excited to be with you!

5 Facts About Dog Zoomies

Breed Differences: While all dogs can get zoomies, some breeds are more prone to this behavior than others. High-energy breeds like Border Collies, Jack Russell Terriers, and Labrador Retrievers often exhibit more frequent and intense zoomies.
Age Factor: Puppies and young dogs are more likely to experience zoomies due to their higher energy levels. However, older dogs can still enjoy the occasional burst of energy.
Zoomie Zones: Dogs tend to have favorite spots for their zoomies. Common areas include open spaces in the yard, long hallways, or around furniture in a circular pattern.
Post-Bath Zoomies: Many dogs experience zoomies after a bath. This is likely due to the excitement of being clean and the need to shake off the excess water and energy.
Indoor Safety: If your dog gets zoomies indoors, make sure to clear the area of any obstacles or fragile items that could be knocked over. Safety first!

Why Do Dogs Get Zoomies?

Zoomies are a natural way for dogs to release pent-up energy . Especially common in young pups, these frenetic bursts of activity help them burn off excess energy in a fun and engaging manner. Dogs often get zoomies when they're particularly happy or excited, such as when they see their favorite person, receive a new toy, or enjoy a tasty treat. This behavior also ties back to a dog's natural instincts; in the wild, sudden bursts of speed could be crucial for chasing prey or evading predators. So, the next time your furry friend zooms around, know that it's a delightful mix of playfulness and instinct at work.

The Benefits of Doggy Daycare and Regular Exercise

While zoomies are a natural and healthy way for dogs to release excess energy, they also highlight the importance of regular exercise and social interaction for our canine companions. Doggy daycare and consistent physical activity play a significant role in maintaining a dog's overall well-being. At doggy daycare, dogs benefit from a structured environment where they can engage in supervised play with other dogs, promoting both physical fitness and social skills. If your dog enjoys playmates, regular exercise and socialization at our doggy daycare can help your furry friend stay happy and healthy!

Here are some key benefits of doggy daycare:

Socialization: Regular interaction with other dogs helps improve social skills and reduces anxiety in unfamiliar situations. Well-socialized dogs are generally happier and more confident.
Mental Stimulation: Activities and games provided at doggy daycare keep dogs mentally stimulated, preventing boredom that can lead to destructive behaviors at home.
Routine and Structure: A consistent routine can provide a sense of security and stability, helping dogs feel more relaxed and comfortable.
Activity: Exercise is a great way to reduce stress and anxiety in dogs. It releases endorphins, which are natural mood boosters, helping to keep your dog happy and calm.
Behavioral Benefits: Regular exercise helps to manage behavioral issues by reducing excess energy and preventing boredom. A well-exercised dog is less likely to engage in destructive behaviors at home.

Do Other Species Experience Zoomies or Frenetic Random Activity Periods?

While dog zoomies are the most commonly observed, many other species also experience similar bursts of energy, also known as Frenetic Random Activity Periods (FRAPs). These intense, seemingly random activities are a fascinating aspect of animal behavior, reflecting a versatile need for play and energy release.

Cats, rabbits, ferrets, and horses all exhibit these energetic behaviors. Recognizing that zoomies are a normal part of animal behavior across various species helps us appreciate the universal need for physical activity and mental stimulation in our pets. Understanding this can enhance our ability to provide a fulfilling and balanced life for our furry friends.

Zipping Up The Zoomies

Zoomies are one of the many joys of having a dog. They showcase dogs' exuberance and playful spirit, reminding us of the simple pleasures in life. Understanding the reasons behind zoomies and embracing the fun can enhance your bond with your furry friend and add an extra dose of happiness to your day. So, the next time your dog starts zooming around, sit back, relax, and enjoy the show!

For more tips and insights on dog behavior, be sure to check out our other blogs and resources. Happy zooming!

Feline Baselines & Blood Work: How Knowing Your Cat’s “Normal” Can Lead to Better Health Outcomes

Thu, 06 Jun 2024 19:05:00 GMT

Despite the misconception of cats being aloof and solitary, owners often have a deep bond with their cats, and prioritize their health, happiness, and well-being above all else. One essential aspect of prioritizing your cat’s health is understanding what constitutes a healthy baseline for your cat and how regular blood work can provide invaluable insights into their current health status, as well as what’s on the horizon for their health.

To empower cat owners to take a more proactive approach to their cat’s health, we’ll be diving into the significance of establishing cat’s baselines, deciphering blood work drawing procedures and results, and how this knowledge can empower you to make informed decisions for your feline friend's health. Let’s get started!

Why Knowing Your Cat’s Baseline Is So Important

To start, let’s cover the most basic question: What do veterinarians mean when they reference a baseline?

In the context of veterinary medicine, a baseline is considered your cat’s “normal” health and function. Baselines for every cat will be different, as they are based on your cat’s unique health history and bodily function. These baselines, or understandings of your individual cat’s average health, are determined by a series of lab work tests that give your veterinarian greater insight into multiple aspects of your feline friend’s health.

Baseline tests are very important for veterinarians to perform because they give a general idea of what is normal for this particular patient, or if they're coming to us already with an underlying illness or disease, they allow us to get a glimpse at where their health is at that specific point in time. Knowing where a cat’s health stands at that moment is important because as disease progresses or new clinical signs arise, if we were to do blood work moving forward to further investigate, this allows us to compare back to prior blood work to see if this is consistent with this patient or something new that we should be concerned about.

Blood Work and Baseline Tests

Cats are naturally very stoic animals and it can be hard to determine diseases early on if they're not showing outward signs of illness. But that’s where blood work can come in and reveal if your cat is sick or struggling with any medical issues. By doing at least once yearly lab work on our adult and senior feline patients, it allows us to evaluate for any hidden diseases that they may not be showing yet, but might be something we'd want to address sooner rather than later. Regular blood work allows us to truly embrace preventative care and catch any health issues or complications early on to help your cat live a longer and happier life.

One of the most common baseline tests for cats is a Complete Blood Count (CBC). Blood work for CBC looks at a cat’s white and red blood cells, as well as their chemistry panel that looks at overall organ function, like liver, kidney, and electrolytes, as well as a urinalysis. This type of blood work helps evaluate for any abnormalities with our urine production, as well as looking for urinary tract infections.

A veterinary clinic’s laboratory can often also process a number of other types of lab work that your veterinarian may recommend. Be sure to check in with them if you have any questions or concerns regarding lab testing procedures or results for your pet.

When Is Blood Work Necessary for Cats?

There are a number of reasons why your cat might need some lab work done, ranging from your veterinarian wanting to conduct routine lab work to evaluate your cat’s overall health to ordering specific blood panels to diagnose an illness or investigate newly appearing symptoms.

In some cases, blood work can help provide veterinarians with enough information to provide a solid diagnosis of your cat’s underlying medical conditions. For example, if certain markers appear on your cat’s blood work results, that might indicate certain forms of cancer, and allow your veterinarian to proceed with additional focused diagnostics tests.

What Cat Blood Work Entails

What to Expect: The procedure of drawing blood for cats is no more painful than a blood draw at your doctor's visit. Similar to in human medicine, where we insert a needle into the vessel from the outside. Mostly, cats just feel a little bit of a pinch, but once the needle is removed, all the discomfort goes away.

What Your Cat will Feel: Many pet owners are concerned about their cat feeling pain, and may be cautious about having their cat’s blood work done regularly. But don’t worry; drawing blood is virtually painless for animals and at the most your cat may feel a slight pinch. It’s nearly the same needle prick feeling that you may experience at your own doctor’s visits – and it’s over in a flash!

Blood Work and What It Can Tell Us About Cat Health

In addition to CBC, there are additional tests that a veterinarian may order that can help paint a more complete picture of a cat’s health. These include:

Blood Chemistry Panel: This panel of blood work is done to assess various components in a cat’s blood, such as electrolytes, enzymes, and metabolic byproducts. The results of this type of blood work can help veterinarians identify abnormalities and pinpoint certain organs or body systems that may be at the root of their health issues. Abnormal levels of glucose (indicating diabetes), liver enzymes (suggestive of liver disease), or kidney function markers (indicative of kidney disease) can be identified, aiding in the diagnosis and management of these conditions.
Thyroid Hormone Levels: Blood work can be used to measure a number of thing’s within a cat’s blood, with one of the most common being thyroid hormone levels. When veterinarians have a clear understanding of the prevalence of thyroid hormones in your cat’s body, they can better diagnose specific conditions like hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). Thyroid imbalances can affect metabolism, heart function, and overall well-being, meaning they should be identified and addressed as early as possible.
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) Testing: Blood work can detect the presence of these viruses, which weaken the immune system and increase the risk of infections and certain cancers in cats. These viruses can be common in stray cats or cats living outside, which is why veterinarians will commonly conduct this type of testing on a cat’s first vet visit or after a stray cat has been adopted.
Blood Pressure Measurement: Blood pressure irregularities can affect numerous facets of a cat’s health, but can thankfully be identified through common lab work. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is common in older cats and can lead to organ damage, particularly affecting the eyes, kidneys, and heart. Blood work combined with blood pressure measurement can help diagnose and manage hypertension in cats, allowing them to live longer and happier lives.

Have a Healthier Cat By Knowing Their Baseline

Understanding your cat’s baseline and complying with regular blood work recommendations is a cornerstone of great cat care and can help your fluffy friend live their life to the fullest. When you and your veterinarian know what’s normal for your cat, you can better identify abnormalities and get your cat the medical attention it needs – and deserves.

Cat Thyroid Issues: Understanding Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism

Thu, 30 May 2024 21:31:00 GMT

As a veterinarian, I often encounter feline patients struggling with thyroid issues that can significantly impact their cat’s health and quality of life. Two primary thyroid disorders affect cats: hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Understanding these conditions, their symptoms, and treatment options can help cat owners provide the best care for their four-legged partners.

In this blog, we’ll explore the details of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, exploring their symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. I will break them down into smaller chunks to make them easier to digest and hopefully help demystify these diseases. By understanding these thyroid disorders, you can help your feline friend receive the best possible care and maintain a good quality of life.

Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism in Cats

Hyperthyroidism is the more common thyroid disorder in cats, mainly affecting our whiskered companions over ten years old. Studies indicate that up to 10% of senior cats may develop hyperthyroidism, making it a prevalent concern for aging felines. This condition results from an overproduction of thyroid hormone, leading to a range of symptoms that can affect your cat's weight, appetite, and overall behavior.

On the other hand, hypothyroidism is much less common in cats but can still occur. This condition is typically seen in younger cats if congenital or in older cats as a secondary effect of treatment for hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism occurs when there is an underproduction of thyroid hormone, which can slow down your cat’s metabolism and cause various health issues.

Why Cats Develop Thyroid Disorders

Understanding why cats develop thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can help pet owners better manage and prevent these conditions. Remember, our veterinary team will also be with you every step of the way and available for any questions you may have!

Here’s a detailed look at the causes of both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in cats.

Causes of Hyperthyroidism

Benign Thyroid Adenomas: The most common cause of hyperthyroidism in cats is benign (non-cancerous) growths called adenomas in the thyroid gland. These adenomas lead to an overproduction of thyroid hormones.

Thyroid Carcinomas: Although rare, malignant (cancerous) tumors in the thyroid gland, known as thyroid carcinomas, can also cause hyperthyroidism. These cases are less common but require more aggressive treatment.

Environmental Factors: Some studies suggest that exposure to certain environmental factors, such as chemicals in food or the home environment, might contribute to the development of hyperthyroidism. However, the exact role of these factors is not yet fully understood.

Dietary Factors: Diets high in iodine have been implicated in the development of hyperthyroidism in cats. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production, and an imbalance can disrupt normal thyroid function.

Causes of Hypothyroidism

Congenital Hypothyroidism: Some cats are born with hypothyroidism due to genetic defects that affect thyroid hormone production. This is typically diagnosed in younger cats.

Secondary Hypothyroidism: This form of hypothyroidism occurs as a secondary effect of other conditions or treatments. The most common scenario in cats is secondary hypothyroidism following the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Treatments such as radioactive iodine therapy or surgical removal of the thyroid gland can sometimes lead to a deficiency in thyroid hormone production.

Iatrogenic Hypothyroidism: This type of hypothyroidism is caused by medical intervention, often as a result of overtreatment for hyperthyroidism. For example, administering too high a dose of anti-thyroid medications or radioactive iodine can suppress thyroid function too much, leading to hypothyroidism.

Inflammatory Thyroiditis: In rare cases, autoimmune conditions can cause thyroid gland inflammation (thyroiditis), leading to reduced thyroid hormone production.

Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism in Cats

Cats with hyperthyroidism often exhibit several symptoms, including:

Weight Loss: Despite an increased appetite, cats with hyperthyroidism often experience significant weight loss. This is due to the accelerated metabolism caused by excess thyroid hormone, which increases the body’s energy expenditure.
Increased Appetite (Polyphagia): One of the hallmark signs of hyperthyroidism is an increased appetite. Cats with this condition may seem ravenous and beg for food more frequently, yet continue to lose weight.
Increased Thirst and Urination (Polydipsia and Polyuria): Hyperthyroid cats often drink more water and urinate more frequently. This can lead to dehydration if not properly managed, as the body tries to compensate for the increased metabolic activity.
Hyperactivity and Restlessness: Cats with hyperthyroidism may become unusually hyperactive or restless. They might display nervous or aggressive behaviors and have difficulty settling down or sleeping.
Vomiting and Diarrhea: Gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea are common in hyperthyroid cats. These symptoms can exacerbate weight loss and dehydration.
Poor Coat Condition: The coat of a hyperthyroid cat may appear unkempt, greasy, or matted. They might also exhibit excessive grooming behaviors, leading to bald patches or skin irritation.
Rapid Heart Rate (Tachycardia): A high heart rate is a frequent finding in hyperthyroid cats. This increased cardiac workload can lead to secondary heart issues, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (enlarged heart).
Respiratory Problems: Some cats with hyperthyroidism may develop respiratory issues, including rapid breathing or shortness of breath, due to the increased metabolic demand on their body.
Increased Vocalization: Owners often notice that their hyperthyroid cats become more vocal. Increased meowing or yowling, especially at night, can be a sign of discomfort or anxiety related to the condition.
Weakness and Muscle Wasting: Muscle weakness and wasting are common in advanced stages of hyperthyroidism. This occurs because the body breaks down muscle tissue to provide energy for the heightened metabolism.

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism in Cats

Cats with hypothyroidism may show the following symptoms:

Weight Gain: Despite a normal or decreased appetite, cats with hypothyroidism often gain weight. This is due to the slowed metabolism caused by a deficiency in thyroid hormone.
Lethargy and Decreased Activity: Cats with hypothyroidism typically exhibit lethargy and a decreased interest in playing or engaging in usual activities. They may sleep more than usual and appear generally less active.
Cold Intolerance: Hypothyroid cats often show signs of being cold intolerant. They might seek out warm places to rest, such as near heaters or in sunny spots, and may seem uncomfortable in cooler environments.
Poor Coat Condition: A common symptom of hypothyroidism is a dull, dry, and brittle coat. Cats may also experience excessive shedding, hair loss, and a lack of luster in their fur.
Dry Skin: In addition to coat issues, hypothyroidism can cause dry and flaky skin. This can lead to discomfort and increased grooming or scratching.
Constipation: Digestive issues such as constipation are often seen in hypothyroid cats. The slowed metabolism affects gastrointestinal motility, leading to difficulty in passing stools.
Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate): A reduced heart rate, known as bradycardia, is another sign of hypothyroidism. This slower heart rate can contribute to overall lethargy and decreased activity levels.
Neurological Signs: In some cases, hypothyroidism can lead to neurological symptoms such as weakness, poor coordination, or even seizures. These symptoms are less common but indicate a more severe impact of the disease.
Behavioral Changes: Cats with hypothyroidism may exhibit behavioral changes such as increased irritability or depression. They may seem less interactive and more withdrawn than usual.
Facial Puffiness: Hypothyroid cats can develop a distinctive puffiness or swelling around their face, particularly around the eyes. This symptom results from the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the skin, a characteristic feature of hypothyroidism.

Treatment Options for Thyroid Disorders in Cats

Treatment for Hyperthyroidism

Treatment options for hyperthyroidism in cats:

Medication: Anti-thyroid drugs like methimazole can manage the condition by inhibiting thyroid hormone production.
Radioactive Iodine Therapy: This treatment destroys overactive thyroid tissue and is often considered the gold standard.
Surgery: Thyroidectomy, the surgical removal of the thyroid gland, is another option.
Dietary Management: Prescription diets low in iodine can help manage hormone levels.

Treatment for Hypothyroidism

The primary treatment for hypothyroidism is the administration of synthetic thyroid hormone (levothyroxine). This medication helps restore normal thyroid hormone levels, improve metabolism, and alleviate symptoms.

Knowledge is Power

Thyroid disorders, whether hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, can significantly impact your cat's health and quality of life. As a responsible cat owner, understanding these conditions' symptoms, causes, and treatment options is a great starting place.

By partnering with your veterinarian, you are providing your feline friend the best possible care tailored to their specific needs. Staying informed your cat's health will help them lead a longer, happier, and healthier life. If you notice any signs of thyroid issues, don’t hesitate to consult your vet—early intervention can make all the difference!

Understanding Your Dog’s Nutritional Needs for Different Life Stages

Thu, 30 May 2024 21:17:00 GMT

From the playful puppy to the silvered-snouted senior, every dog has different needs that we need to pay close attention to. As a veterinarian, I can say without hesitation that nutrition is perhaps one of the most important pieces to every pet’s health. Understanding the unique needs of your canine companion throughout its stages and ages will guide us in making the right decisions about their diet to support their health and vitality throughout life.

The market for dog nutrition and dietary needs is a bit of a Wild West situation. Other than The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) requirements, there aren’t many standards. There is tremendous variation between companies and even between diets from the same company, meaning pet owners need to do their part in researching and providing proper nutrition for their dogs.

In this blog, we’ll explore the three main stages of a dog’s life—puppy, adult, and senior—and the key considerations and biological needs that help veterinarians craft healthy and sustainable diets for your dog at every age.

What Does Optimal Nutrition Look Like?

Now, for the question I’m sure every veterinarian has been asked and every pet owner has Googled at least once: What does optimal nutrition for my dog look like?

While I’d love to give a simple and straightforward answer to that, I’m afraid there isn’t one.

The reality is that all pets should be assessed as individuals and need to have appropriate diets chosen based on their individual needs. While generalizations would be easier for pet owners to adhere to, they aren’t productive for anyone and do little to ensure each and every dog is getting the specific nutrition they need.

The days of blanket statements are over. Based on what we, as veterinary professionals, are learning about health, nutrition, and the role the microbiome plays in a dog's overall well-being, we need to look at our pets individually and decide what's best for them. What works for one dog may not work for another, and embracing this element of personalized nutrition is an important step forward for veterinarians and pet parents. Organizations like the Dog Aging Project , are diligently researching the factors, including nutrition, that influence aging and impact a dog's health and quality of life. I'm hopeful that their research will shed light on additional factors that contribute to optimal nutrition for our canine companions.

Key Considerations for Dog Nutrition

Calories: Calories provide the energy necessary for metabolism, growth, physical activity, and overall health in a dog's diet. Calorie requirements for all dogs will vary depending on factors such as age, size, activity level, and metabolic rate.
Protein: In all animals, protein supplies the body with essential amino acids and is critical for adequate metabolic functions and, of course, for building muscle. It is also important for satiety. A dog that is not getting enough protein will feel hungry all the time and may lose lean muscle. Protein is important in every life stage. The levels of protein should vary by life stage; however, it is very murky and there is no definitive answer regarding optimal protein levels.
Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are an important source of energy for dogs, providing readily available fuel for bodily functions and activities. While dogs can digest carbohydrates, their diet should primarily consist of high-quality protein and fat, with carbohydrates making up a smaller proportion.
Fatty Acids: Fatty acids play key roles in supporting skin and coat health, brain function, immune system function, and overall cellular function. They benefit the body in many ways and affect almost every organ system, similar to how they work in humans. The amount recommended varies by the conditions that a pet has. Inflammatory diseases, arthritis and cancer require higher levels of Omega 3’s than dogs without those conditions.
Micronutrients: Micronutrients are essential vitamins and minerals that are required by dogs in small quantities to support various physiological functions. Vitamins play critical roles in processes such as metabolism, immune function, and vision, while minerals are essential for bone health, muscle function, and enzyme activity. Common micronutrients for dogs include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, B vitamins (such as B12), calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, zinc, iron, and selenium.

Nutrition at Every Stage

While an individualized approach to dog nutrition is highly recommended, there are a few aspects of each stage in a dog’s life that commonly necessitate certain nutritional considerations. Knowing these commonalities can help you better understand your veterinarian’s recommendations for your dog’s diet and help you learn to adapt your dog’s feeding to keep them healthy, no matter where life takes them.

Nutritional Needs for Puppies: A Focus On Growth

Meeting the nutritional needs of a dog during the puppy stage of their life is crucial for setting a foundation of good health and proper eating habits. Within their first few months of life, puppies are rapidly growing and expending quite a bit of energy to do so, which means they need more calories, protein, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

Size and breed considerations are important during the puppy stage, as larger and smaller dogs can benefit from specially formulated diets to ensure proper development of their bones, muscles, and joints. But again, there won’t be a singular solution to what you should be feeding your puppy, as there isn’t a “one-size-fits-all” nutrition plan. During your first few vet visits with your new puppy, be sure to ask your veterinarian for recommendations on types of food and feeding schedules to dial in your puppy’s nutrition and set them on a path for good long-term health.

Nutritional Needs for Adult Dogs: Muscle Growth & Sustainability

By the time a dog has reached the adult stage of its life, it'll be done growing and have a new set of nutritional needs that will take priority for its owners. Depending on your dog's breed and a few other factors, they'll likely be full-grown between the ages of 12 and 24 months, signaling their transition into adulthood. During this time, your dog will graduate to an adult-formulated food that will help you prioritize sustainable eating practices and weight maintenance.

For younger adult dogs, it is important to pay attention to protein intake if they are still putting on muscle. Energy requirements are definitely affected by exercise level so naturally we want to always be watching our pets body condition and feeding for a very lean body condition.

In the later years of an adult dog’s life, you’ll want to pay special attention to their capacity to move and exercise. If your dog is starting to slow down earlier than planned, you may need to adjust their diet to match their energy levels to avoid unnecessary weight gain and obesity.

Nutritional Needs for Senior Dogs: Adapting to Changes

When your dog officially becomes a senior is highly dependent on their breed and size. But, as dogs age, it’s normal for their activity levels to decrease and normal age-related issues to occur, such as minor dental issues or arthritis, among others. These changes will impact their nutritional needs and may even require owners to adapt their feeding practices, such as switching to wet food or easier-to-chew kibble formulas for older dogs with dental issues.

There are currently no set standards for senior diets, so checking in with your veterinarian regularly is crucial to ensuring your dog lives out its golden years in good health and comfort.

Other Life Factors that Affect Nutritional Needs

Breed: Different breeds have different nutritional needs, and while there are no specific standards for breed-based feeding, they are on the horizon. So, in the meantime, we should look at our dogs as individuals and work from there.
Pregnancy: Monitoring your dog’s nutrition during pregnancy is important to identify if they need any additional supplements to support them.
Exercise Level & Musculature: Just like in humans, the more a dog moves and exercises, the more calories they’ll need to consume each day to maintain their weight.
Health Conditions & Illnesses: If your dog receives a new diagnosis, be sure to check in with your veterinarian to see if their diet, supplements, or exercise routine should be changed. This is especially important if any new medications or treatments are being introduced that could affect appetite or energy.
Other Changes: Any change to your dog’s overall health and well-being or exercise routine could impact their nutritional needs, so when in doubt, consult your veterinarian. Your dog’s health is far too precious to leave up to guesswork or random advice you found online.

The Signs Your Dog’s Nutrition Isn’t Suitable

The best gauges of nutrition in dogs are body weight, stool quality, coat and nail quality, and energy level, all of which should be regularly monitored by owners and veterinarians anyway.

Of these gauges, body weight is the most obvious and easiest to detect major changes in. If your dog has put on weight and is too heavy they are over nourished; if they are too lean then they are undernourished. Resources, like charts depicting Body Condition Scores , can be useful for determining if your dog is severely under or over nourished and if you need to check in with your veterinarian prior to your next wellness exam .

A dog with a good nutrition regiment should have stools that look like tubes that are easy to pick up with no residue. There should not be much, if any, flatulence. They should have a shiny coat, smooth shiny nails and they should be energetic and playful. There are numerous aspects of a dog’s health that affect energy level other than diet, but it is one thing to look for if your pet's nutrition is optimal.

Avoiding Obesity and Malnourishment at Every Stage of a Dog’s Life

A dog’s level of nutrition will have a tremendous impact on their weight. Just like in humans and other animals, weight refers to the mass of a dog's body, which is influenced by factors such as genetics, diet, exercise, and metabolism. Maintaining an optimal weight is essential for a dog's overall health and well-being.

Numerous issues can arise when a dog weighs too much or too little, and these issues have the potential to seriously impact their long-term health and well-being. Underweight dogs may suffer from nutritional deficiencies and weakened immune systems, while overweight dogs are at risk of developing various health problems earlier in life, including arthritis, diabetes, and heart disease. Chunky dogs may be cute, but they simply age better if they stay skinny and maintain an optimal weight.

The best way to prevent obesity is to know and understand the use of body condition scoring charts and use your pet's own body as a guide for how much to feed. To promote health and prevent chronic disease, dogs should remain lean and eat a diet that is in line with their metabolic rate and energy needs.
The best snacks are fruits and veggies. The Cruciferous vegetables may help regulate gut inflammation, and they are loaded with beneficial antioxidants, polyphenols, and fiber. I recommend the following rule of thumb to pet owners looking to incorporate healthy, natural snacks into their dog's diet: work up to ¼ cup per 10 pounds of body weight per day.

Owners should cook or steam most veggies except the ones very high in water, like cucumbers, zucchini, and bell peppers. Introduce fruits and vegetables one at a time to ensure your pet can tolerate them because not all veggies are tolerated by all pets! Once you have successfully introduced your dog to a few vegetable options, then just rotate through them. Starchy veggies don't count; I consider these carbs more than veggies. Be sure not to include any toxic fruits or vegetables in your dog's diet, like onions, grapes, or raisins.

Partnering With Your Veterinarian For Proper Nutrition

Treating your dog as an individual with unique dietary and nutritional needs is a great step forward in providing them with everything they need to live a long and healthy life. But you shouldn’t navigate nutrition alone.

Your veterinarian can provide valuable guidance and recommendations tailored to your dog's specific needs, taking into account factors such as age, size, activity level, and any underlying health conditions. By working closely with your veterinarian, you can develop a customized nutrition plan that meets your dog's nutritional requirements while promoting optimal health and preventing nutritional deficiencies or excesses. Regular check-ups and consultations with your veterinarian allow for adjustments to your dog's diet as they age or their health status changes, ensuring that they receive the necessary nutrients to thrive at every stage of life. Additionally, your veterinarian can help you navigate the vast array of pet food options available, ensuring that you select high-quality, balanced diets that meet nutritional standards and are suitable for your dog's unique needs.

Maximizing Canine Health: The Importance of Lab Work Through Your Dog's Life

Mon, 06 May 2024 19:24:00 GMT

From the playful puppy years to the golden senior moments, dogs, like us, go through various life stages, each with its unique health needs and challenges. As a veterinarian, I tell my clients that we have to look at lab work as a window into the intricate workings of their dog's health, offering insights that can guide preventative care, early detection of diseases, and tailored treatment strategies.

Whether it's a routine check- up or investigating a puzzling symptom, lab work provides the clarity and direction needed for making informed decisions about your dog's health care. In this blog, we'll explore how routine blood panels , chemistry tests, and other diagnostic tools play an important role in your dog’s overall wellbeing.

The Process of Drawing Blood from Dogs

First things first, how the heck do we draw blood from your dog?! Although it’s every veterinarian’s dream, we know our canines won’t simply sit there, make a fist, and breathe slowly.

But fear not. The entire process is quick, usually taking just a few minutes. Veterinarians and our staff are skilled at performing blood draws with minimal stress and discomfort to your pet. In the hands of an experienced veterinary team, most dogs handle blood draws well, with little to no fuss!

The most common sites for drawing blood in dogs are the jugular vein in the neck, the cephalic vein in the front leg, and the saphenous vein in the hind leg. The choice of site depends on the amount of blood needed and the dog's size and temperament. The jugular vein allows for larger volumes of blood to be drawn quickly, which is beneficial for comprehensive testing, while the cephalic and saphenous veins are often used for smaller samples.

When they are all done, if the sample was taken from a leg, there may be a small bandage (sometimes even in fun colors and designs) on the area to apply pressure a little longer and prevent bleeding and bruising. Typically these can be taken off once you are at home and your pet is settled. Make sure not to leave this wrap on too long, or it may cause swelling!

Labwork by Life Stage: Tailored Testing for Optimal Care

Puppies and Adolescents

Navigating the journey of puppyhood into the adolescent stage is an exciting season for both you and your pup. This phase lays the groundwork for a healthy and joyful life ahead. Young dogs require a baseline to understand their normal health parameters. Initial screenings check for congenital diseases, infections, and proper organ development.

As puppies transition into their adolescent phase, around 6 to 12 months, their bodies undergo significant changes. This period is an optimal time for a follow-up set of lab tests, including a complete blood count (CBC) and a biochemistry panel. These tests monitor organ function, ensuring that your growing dog is metabolizing nutrients correctly and that there are no underlying health issues as they approach adulthood.

Adult Dogs

As our puppies blossom into full-fledged adults, their care evolves, reflecting their changing needs. Typically ranging from 1 to 7 years, we ideally like to see adult dogs once a year for an annual veterinary exam. These check-ups should include a comprehensive physical examination and discussions about diet, exercise, and any behavioral changes. It’s during these visits that lab work becomes a valuable tool in our preventative care toolboxes.

Lab work for adult dogs isn’t just about screening for diseases; it’s a preventive measure that supports their quality of life. By identifying subtle changes in their health markers over time, we can make adjustments to their care before minor issues become major concerns.

Annual exams for adult dogs often include a Complete Blood Count (CBC) and chemistry panel, we will talk more about these in the next section, to monitor their overall health and organ function. These tests can reveal hidden diseases not evident from a physical examination alone.

Senior Dogs

Transitioning into their senior years , dogs require even more attention and care from their owners and veterinarians alike. Typically considered seniors around the age of 7 (earlier for larger breeds, which age faster), these seasoned companions face an increased risk for various health issues. It's during this stage of life that lab work becomes indispensable, helping to support our pups through their golden years.

Senior dogs significantly benefit from two veterinary visits a year. This bi-annual check-up schedule provides closer monitoring of their health and quicker adjustments to their care plan as needed. Lab work becomes a focal point of these visits, providing critical insights into their changing health needs.

Breed-Specific Considerations: Beyond One-Size-Fits-All

Certain breeds are predisposed to specific health conditions, necessitating tailored labwork. For example, large breeds may require early screening for hip dysplasia, while breeds like Dobermans might need regular heart monitoring. Understanding genetic predispositions allows for proactive health management.

No two dogs are identical or even age the same way. Your veterinarian will tailor your dog's lab work based on their breed, age, medical history, and any symptoms or concerns that you’ve noticed, so be sure to keep an open dialogue with your veterinary team. They want your pet healthy as much as you do!

Conducting these tests annually can help detect diseases early when they are most treatable.

Complete Blood Count (CBC): This test gives us a snapshot of your dog's immune system, indicating infections, anemia, dehydration, and even certain cancers.
Chemistry Panel : A chemistry panel provides insights into the health of major organs like the liver, kidneys, and pancreas. It can detect early stages of diseases, allowing for timely intervention.

This comprehensive panel becomes even more important as dogs age, offering early detection for conditions that are common in older pets.

Specific Tests for Comprehensive Care:

Heartworm and Tick-Borne Disease Tests: An essential annual test for all dogs, monitoring for heartworms and tick-borne diseases is imperative.
Thyroid Function Tests: Thyroid diseases are common in adult dogs, affecting their metabolism, energy levels, and even behavior. A simple blood test can assess thyroid hormone levels, making sure they are within a healthy range.
Urinalysis and Kidney Function Tests: Senior dogs are at an increased risk for kidney disease and urinary tract issues. Regular urinalysis, coupled with bloodwork, offers a window into the health of the urinary system, allowing for early intervention.
Glucose Testing for Diabetic Dogs: Regular glucose monitoring is essential for managing diabetic dogs , helping adjust insulin doses and dietary needs.
Diseases Such as Cushing's disease , Addison's disease , and Liver Issues: Advanced testing can diagnose these conditions, guiding treatment plans to manage symptoms and improve life quality.

Love Through Labwork

An integral part of your dog’s care is the relationship you build with your veterinarian. Open, honest communication about any changes in your dog’s behavior or health can guide the need for lab work. Your vet can recommend additional screenings based on your dog’s lifestyle, breed predispositions, and any symptoms they exhibit.

Remember that the goal of these tests isn’t just to treat but to prevent and catch issues early. We want your canine companion to enjoy a long, happy, and healthy life by your side. If you have any questions about your dog's health or the recommended labwork for their life stage, don't hesitate to reach out to your veterinarian.

Easing the Ache: Understanding Arthritis in Cats

Mon, 06 May 2024 19:10:00 GMT

Do you notice your silver-snouted feline isn’t feeling as adventurous as they once were? Does it seem a little harder for them to jump to their favorite sun spot, or maybe chasing the laser isn’t as fun as it used to be? There is a possibility your feline friend is struggling with arthritis, a condition often associated with dogs but equally prevalent and debilitating in cats. In fact, studies show that over 60% of cats over the age of six exhibit signs of arthritis, a condition that can severely impact their quality of life!

This chronic joint disease can make even the simplest activities, like jumping up to their favorite napping spot, painful and difficult. It's important to be your cat’s advocate, and it all begins with identifying the early signs and understanding the effects of arthritis. Managing this struggle can keep your furry companion comfortable and active throughout their golden years.

Cat Arthritis Explained

Feline arthritis is very similar to arthritis in humans and causes just as much pain. Arthritis, or osteoarthritis in cats, is a degenerative joint disease that causes the breakdown of cartilage in the joints. Think of it as bone on bone, crunching away with every step. This leads to pain and reduced mobility.

We all know that our cats are masters at hiding pain, so the signs of arthritis can be easy to overlook. Subtle signals such as a decrease in activity levels, hesitance to jump or climb, or a stiff gait that worsens after rest can be key indicators of joint issues. Your once playful pal may become more withdrawn and show less interest in interactive toys or games.

Arthritis doesn’t discriminate and can affect any feline. There are a few factors that increase the risk in your cat:

Age: Older cats are more susceptible , with studies suggesting that over 90% of cats over the age of 12 show signs of joint disease.
Weight: Overweight cats are at a higher risk due to the increased strain on their joints.
Previous Injuries: Cats with previous joint injuries or congenital abnormalities may develop arthritis earlier.
Breed: Certain breeds may be predisposed to joint issues, although less is known about genetic factors in cats compared to dogs.

Diagnosing Arthritis in Your Cat

Your veterinarian will typically begin with a thorough physical examination , paying close attention to your cat's gait and reactions to certain joint manipulations. To confirm arthritis, your veterinarian may recommend imaging tests, like X-rays. By imaging their joints, we are able to see more clearly the degree of joint degeneration and the presence of any bone spurs.

Advanced imaging techniques , such as MRI or CT scans, are sometimes utilized for a more detailed view, but only when needed. Your veterinarian may also recommend blood work for your pet. While not diagnostic for arthritis itself, lab work can rule out other diseases that mimic arthritic symptoms. If you notice any symptoms, it’s important to talk with your veterinarian. Early intervention and support can greatly improve your cat’s quality of life!

Managing Your Cat’s Arthritis

While there is no cure for arthritis, several strategies can help manage the symptoms and improve your cat's quality of life:

Weight Management: Keeping your cat at a healthy weight reduces the load on their joints and can decrease the severity of symptoms.
Pain Relief Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and pain in arthritic cats. These must be used cautiously and under strict veterinary supervision due to potential side effects, particularly on the kidneys and liver.
Joint Supplements: Supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate can support joint health by helping to repair cartilage and maintain joint fluid. Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly those from fish oil, have anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce joint swelling and pain.
Physical Therapy: Physical therapy includes a range of activities such as gentle massage, passive range of motion exercises, and low-impact exercises like swimming or walking on a treadmill. These therapies can help maintain muscle mass and joint mobility, slowing the progression of arthritis symptoms.
Environmental Modifications: Making small changes in your home can make a big difference in your arthritic cat’s life. Provide steps or ramps to access high places such as beds or couches, use litter boxes with low sides for easy access, and place food and water bowls in easily accessible locations.
Acupuncture and Laser Therapy: Acupuncture can help relieve pain and improve mobility in some cats. Laser therapy uses light to stimulate cell regeneration and increase blood circulation, helping to reduce pain and inflammation in the joints.
Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Regular check-ups with a veterinarian allow for ongoing assessment of arthritis and adjustments to the treatment plan based on how well your cat is responding to current therapies.

Managing arthritis in your feline friend not only involves medical intervention but also creates comfort and ease in their daily environments.

Here are a few ways you can create a supportive home environment for your arthritic cat:

Accessible Living Spaces: Arrange your cat's living area so everything they need is easy to reach without having to jump or climb. Elevated food and water dishes can prevent strain on their joints, and a litter box with low sides facilitates easier access.
Comfortable Resting Areas: Provide soft, supportive bedding to help alleviate pressure on sore joints. Heated beds can also soothe stiff muscles and joints, especially in colder weather.
Gentle Play: Encourage light exercise to help maintain muscle tone and flexibility. Use toys that require minimal effort, like laser pointers or feather wands, to keep them engaged without extensive physical strain.
Stress Reduction: Keep the household environment calm and stress-free. Cats with arthritis may have heightened sensitivity to loud noises or sudden changes, so maintaining a tranquil home can help reduce anxiety.
Regular Check-ins: Spend quality time each day with your cat to monitor their condition and provide emotional support. Gentle petting or grooming can help increase your bond and allow you to check for any changes in their condition.

Keeping Your Cat Content Through Arthritis

With the right approach, you can significantly ease your feline’s discomfort and improve their quality of life. Every cat's needs will vary, so it's important to work closely with your veterinarian to tailor a treatment plan that best suits your pet's specific requirements.

If you suspect your cat may be suffering from arthritis, or if you want to take preventive measures, contact us today! We can offer guidance tailored to your cat’s specific needs and help you develop a management plan that allows your frisky feline to continue to enjoy a comfortable and active life. While arthritis is a chronic condition, with the right care, most cats will live full and happy lives well into their senior years!

Disaster Readiness for Pets: The Best Tips for National Animal Disaster Preparedness Day

Mon, 06 May 2024 18:38:00 GMT

As a pet owner, you understand that your furry, feathered, or scaly friends depend entirely on you for their safety and well-being— especially in times of crisis. Whether it's a sudden natural disaster like an earthquake or flood or a human-made emergency, being unprepared can put your pet at serious risk. National Animal Disaster Preparedness Day serves as a reminder for all pet parents to gear up and prepare their pet's "bug-out bag."

From creating a pet-specific emergency kit to understanding evacuation protocols that include your pets, we'll cover the must-know strategies to ensure you and your pets can face any crisis together safely. Let's get started on making sure our faithful friends are never forgotten when preparing for the unexpected.

The 3 Needs: Pet Records, Pet Food, Pet Emergency Kit

1. Pet Records

Having physical copies of your pet's important documents is an easy step to check off the list first. Start by printing out their vaccination records, any medical history, and a list of necessary medications. Place these documents in a waterproof folder or container. This step is particularly important if you need to relocate quickly or if your pet requires medical attention while you're away from home! They should have a collar with tags that include your current contact information and, if possible, a microchip registered with your latest details. These identifiers can be lifesavers in reuniting you with your pet should you get separated.

Many of us manage our lives—and our pets' lives—through apps and online platforms. Your pet's medical records are likely accessible through your veterinarian's digital portal. However, relying solely on digital access can pose a risk during emergencies, especially if power outages or network disruptions occur.

Taking these simple precautions can make a significant difference in managing your pet's health care during an emergency. Having these records handy not only helps any attending veterinarians provide the best care possible but also speeds up the process, reducing stress for both you and your pet.

2. Pet Food

Veterinarians recommend keeping at least a two-week supply of your pet's regular food in case of emergencies!

For practical storage, choose sealed, waterproof containers to keep dry pet food fresh and prevent spoilage. Canned food, with its longer shelf life, is also a good option but remember to rotate your stock to avoid expiration. If your pet is on a special diet prescribed by a vet, securing an extra supply is increasingly important. Also, don't forget to have a plan for providing your pets with fresh water . Storing bottled water is ideal, as tap water might not always be safe for consumption immediately following a disaster.

While human foods can provide a temporary solution in a pinch, some are toxic to pets. Dogs, for instance, can often tolerate a simple diet of cooked chicken and rice, but avoid foods like onions, garlic, chocolate, and grapes, which can be harmful. Always have a list of safe human foods prepared in case you run out of pet food. If you have any doubts or need guidance on what is safe to feed your pet during an emergency, contact your veterinarian.

3. Emergency Preparedness Kit For My Pet

The first thing you’ll need is a simple container, such as a Tupperware or pasta storage container. Get out a pen and piece of paper and put your contact information on this paper to be attached to the top of the inside of this container.

On top of your name and contact information, consider including the following information on your emergency contact form:

Become a Dog Park Pro: Mastering Dog Park Etiquette for a Fun and Safe Outing

Mon, 06 May 2024 18:12:00 GMT

The sun is shining, there’s not a cloud in the sky, there’s a cool breeze, and you and your dog are just itching for some fun in the sun together – it sounds like the perfect time to head out to the dog park. Afterall, there's no better place for pups to play and socialize! But before you unclip that leash and let your dog run free, there are a few crucial things to keep in mind to keep you, your dog, and everyone else at the dog park safe and happy.

Whether you’re a dog park pro or are planning your first ever dog park outing, there are a few rules – both spoken and unspoken – that you need to remember throughout your entire outing. Let’s dive into our top tips for mastering dog park etiquette and ensuring a safe and enjoyable experience for everyone involved.

Read Dog Park Signage and Follow the Rules

If your dog park of choice has specific rules posted, follow them. These rules will be nonnegotiables and are put in place to protect everyone at the dog park, even if they may seem unnecessary or tedious at times.

Some common dog park rules include:

Keep your dog on a leash, and remove it only when it is safe behind the locked gate(s).
Follow all weight/size limits for separated small and large dog park areas.
Pay attention to age restrictions or vaccination requirements .
Be vigilant about restrictions for dogs that are not de-sexed (spayed or neutered). An in-heat female should avoid the dog park regardless of individual park rules.
Never leave your dog unattended or unsupervised.
Take a rain check on the dog park if your dog is sick or displaying any symptoms of illness.
Pick up after your dog, always !

Be sure to always review posted signage and rules at the dog park before you and your dog start playing. Every park is different, and since your dog can’t read, it’s up to you to know and follow all of the rules!

Mind the Unspoken Rules of the Dog Park

1. Prep Like a Pro

Before planning a day at the park you’ll want to consider your dog's temperament and socialization skills. If your dog is shy, overly aggressive, or nervous around other dogs, it might be best to skip the dog park until they're more comfortable in social settings . The dog park isn’t the best fit for every dog, and that’s okay! In the meantime, you can work on socialization through smaller, more controlled outings with your dog on a leash or with other dogs they’re more familiar with.

While some parks may not have rules about vaccinations and flea and tick preventatives , that type of preparation can never hurt! Before you even step foot in the dog park, make sure your pup is up to date on vaccinations and parasite prevention. This helps protect not only your pet but also the other dogs they'll be mingling with. It’s way easier – and safer for your dog – to keep up with preventative care before social outings, rather than react to a bad day at the dog park and try to get rid of fleas or get medical attention on short notice.

Speaking of illness, it’s always important to stay aware of any recent outbreaks of illness or disease, as your dog could potentially contract them from exposure at the dog park.

2. Keep a Watchful Eye

Once you're inside the park and your dog is ready to play, don't be tempted to zone out and watch other people’s dog play! Stay vigilant and keep an eye on your dog at all times. This isn't just for their safety — it's also important for maintaining good dog park etiquette. If your pup starts exhibiting aggressive behavior or becomes overly rambunctious, it's your responsibility to intervene and redirect their attention.

Watching your dog closely can also help you identify any concerning body language , from both your dog and any other dogs your furry friend might be playing with. Keeping an eye on dog body language can help prevent unwanted fights or aggression, or even just help you pick up on signals that your dog is ready to head home. If your dog starts showing signs of exhaustion or distress, don't push them to keep playing. Likewise, if tensions start to rise among the canine crowd, it's best to make a graceful exit before things escalate. Remember, safety should always come first—and there's no shame in calling it a day if the dog park vibe isn't quite right.

These alone might be signs that fun time is coming to an end, but if you notice more than one, it is time to go home:

Tucked-tail
Whale eye
Licking of the lips
Excessive panting
Ears tucked back

Beware of these more direct signs that can signal something is wrong and you need to act quickly:

Bearing teeth, growing and snapping
Excessive drooling
Shaking and crouching backward or fleeing
Vomiting or diarrhea

These body language displays can help alert you to unwanted dog park behavior, which may include:

Mounting
Obsessive following
Charging
Bullying
Neck biting

3. Respect Boundaries – for Both Other Dogs and Their Owners

Your dog may be a social butterfly, but remember that not all dogs appreciate unwanted attention. Always ask before allowing your dog to approach another, and be prepared to step in if either party seems uncomfortable. A simple, "Is it okay if our dogs say hello?" goes a long way in fostering positive interactions and respecting boundaries.

If your dog is approaching another dog that is exhibiting any nervous, shy, or even aggressive behavior, it’s time to put their training to work and give a command for recall.

A solid recall command is really essential for any dog park outing. You never know when you might need to call your pup away from a potentially dangerous situation or simply reign them in during your outing. If your dog hasn’t mastered recall yet, it may be time to pump the brakes on your planning for a big dog park outing. Instead, spend time practicing recall in a controlled environment before testing it out at the dog park.

And remember, this respect for boundaries applies to other owners too! If you see another owner playing with their dog or watching them as they run around, it’s probably not the best time to strike up a conversation and divert their attention away from their own dog. Some owners may want to chat while their dogs play together and that’s great! But just make sure you’re not being distracting or overstepping any boundaries!

4. Stay Hydrated

Having the perfect day at the dog park is a lot of work — for both you and your pup! Always bring plenty of fresh water to keep everyone hydrated throughout your visit. Many dog parks provide water stations, but it's always a good idea to have a backup supply just in case of equipment outage or unsanitary conditions. Taking regular water breaks to prevent dehydration, especially on hot days , can be the difference between an afternoon of fun and an emergency trip to the vet for fluids.

5. Only Bring the Necessities

Don’t bring valuables . Accidents happen, and the last thing you want is to risk damage to your valuables. Leave your tablet or computer at home to avoid any mishaps. Jewelry, too, should be kept safe — your furry friend might be well-behaved, but playful pups can unexpectedly snatch a necklace or earrings. Opt for secure pockets to stash your phone and wallet, as these items could pose a safety risk if found by curious pets before you do.

Dog parks are for the dogs, not the kids. While the dog park is a playground for our four-legged friends, it's not always the safest place for little ones. Leave small children at home to avoid potential accidents. Running and sudden movements from kids can trigger prey instincts in some dogs, leading to unpredictable situations. Even having a baby in a sling or carrier can be interpreted as prey behavior by certain dogs. Additionally, some children may not understand proper dog etiquette and could engage in behaviors that provoke reactions from dogs, such as throwing rocks or grabbing tails.

Don’t bring food. Bringing food to the dog park can spell trouble for several reasons. From dry kibble to treats, it's best to leave snacks at home. You never know which dogs might have food sensitivities, allergies, or react aggressively to the presence of food. It's safer to enjoy treats with your pup in the comfort of your own home, where you can ensure they're both delicious and safe for consumption.

Do bring supplies for emergencies. While we do recommend packing light and only bringing what you’ll need, pet first aid is always a good idea to have on hand. You can keep a first aid kit in your car for you and your pet. You never know when it might be needed!

In conclusion, mastering dog park etiquette is all about being proactive, respectful, and attentive to both your dog's needs and the needs of others. By following these simple tips, you can ensure a fun and safe outing for you and your furry friend every time you visit the dog park.

Walks Are More Than Just for Wags: The 5 Benefits of Walking Your Dog

Mon, 06 May 2024 17:55:00 GMT

Walking your dog is about so much more than just a potty break. It's a chance to strengthen your bond, improve your pet's health, and even enhance their social skills. As veterinarians, we see the transformative power of regular walks for dogs of all ages and seasons of life.

Whether it’s a brisk 30-minute walk or a more relaxed hour-long stroll, the right amount of exercise can do wonders. Studies have shown that regular dog walking can improve cardiovascular health, reduce behavioral issues. by up to 65%, and increase overall happiness in your furry friend.

In this blog, we'll explore 5 reasons why taking your dog for a walk is one of the best investments you can make in their health, along with what a walk looks like for your specific pet. Let’s explore why you should be reaching for the leash more often and how these daily adventures can lead to a healthier, happier life for both you and your pet.

Dog Walking Guidelines

First and most importantly, let’s get a pulse on what a walk looks like for you and your pet. We know every pup has their own unique personality and lifestyle, so tailoring your dog's walks to match their breed, age, and health status is important for maximizing the benefits while also making sure their safety and enjoyment are a top priority as well. Just as humans have varied exercise needs and preferences, so do our canine companions .

Here’s a breakdown of how to adapt your walking routine to fit your dog’s specific requirements:

Puppies: Young and Energetic Explorers

Puppies are bundles of energy, and walks are essential for their development, both physically and mentally. However, their joints are still growing, so keep walks relatively short and sweet. A good rule of thumb for puppies is five minutes of exercise per month of age, twice a day. For instance, a four-month-old puppy might handle 20 minutes per walk. These outings are more about exploration and socialization than vigorous exercise.

Adult Dogs: Prime Time for Prime Health

Adult dogs, typically ranging from 1 to 7 years old, can handle longer and more intense walks. Breeds like Border Collies, Labradors, and Huskies will relish longer durations and faster paces, often thriving on walks that last up to an hour or more, coupled with opportunities to run and play.

On the other smaller site, breeds like Pugs and Bulldogs require less strenuous walks due to their lower energy levels and unique physiological traits, like brachycephalic (short-nosed) respiratory challenges, or Dachshunds with their risk of spinal issues, may benefit from shorter, more frequent outings to avoid stress on their backs. Every breed has its own set of characteristics and exercise needs.

Senior Dogs: Gentle and Steady

As dogs enter their senior years , usually around age 8 and older, their stamina and joint health may start to decline. Walks remain important for maintaining muscle strength and managing weight, but they should be adjusted to be gentler and shorter. A leisurely pace with plenty of sniffing breaks is ideal, allowing senior dogs to engage with their environment without overexertion. Regular, gentle movement can help manage arthritis and maintain mobility!

1. Physical Health and Weight Management

Regular walks help maintain your dog's weight and prevent obesity , which is a growing concern in pet health. Obesity in dogs can lead to serious health issues such as diabetes, heart disease, and joint problems. A daily walking routine helps regulate their metabolism and burns off excess calories effectively. It also keeps their joints limber and muscles toned, reducing the risk of arthritis and other mobility issues as they age.

2. Mental Stimulation and Reduced Behavior Problems

Walking isn't just physically stimulating; it's mentally stimulating for our pups as well. Dogs are naturally curious creatures who enjoy exploring their environment. Every walk is an opportunity for your dog to see, smell, and hear new things. This mental stimulation we like to refer to as a “Sniffari” and is an important piece in preventing cognitive decline in older dogs and helps reduce common behavior problems such as excessive barking or chewing. A well-stimulated dog is a happy dog, and less likely to find destructive ways to expend their energy at home.

3. Improved Digestive and Urinary Health

Regular walks can help regulate a dog’s digestive system and can aid in relieving constipation . Consistent walking schedules allow dogs to relieve themselves regularly, which reduces the risk of urinary tract infections. This benefit is particularly important for dogs with a history of urinary issues.

4. Socialization and Emotional Health

Walking your dog regularly exposes them to other dogs, people, and environments, which is key in building their confidence and social skills. This exposure helps reduce fear and anxiety in various situations. For the pet owner, walking your dog is also a great way to meet other pet owners and strengthen community ties. This social aspect can enhance your emotional well-being as well as your pet's!

5. Strengthening the Bond Between Pet and Owner

Perhaps one of the most enjoyable benefits of walking your dog is the quality time you spend together. These moments are invaluable in building and maintaining a strong bond . It's a time for mutual enjoyment and gives your dog a sense of companionship and security. Regular walks can significantly enhance your relationship with your pet and create a deeper connection.

The Home Stretch

Walking Strategies for Optimal Outcomes

Customize the pace and distance based on your dog’s age, breed, and health.
Mix up the routes to stimulate your dog’s mental health and keep them interested.
Consider the weather and always provide for hydration and cool-down breaks.
Watch for signs of fatigue or discomfort, particularly in dogs with health issues or older pets.

Always consult with your veterinarian to tailor a walking regimen that suits your dog’s health condition and age. Together, let’s step towards a healthier, happier life for your dog. If you have any questions about establishing a walking routine or other ways to improve your dog’s health, don’t hesitate to reach out. Happy walking!

Emergency Alert: Recognizing And Treating Urinary Blockages In Cats

Mon, 06 May 2024 14:12:00 GMT

Urinary blockages in cats can turn a routine day into a critical emergency . Alarmingly, it is estimated that up to 10% of male cats may experience a urinary blockage at some point in their lives, often being fatal. Quick recognition and immediate veterinary intervention are crucial to prevent severe complications for your whiskered companion.

Armed with the right knowledge, you can help your feline friend stay healthy and happy. Today we unpack everything you need to know about this urgent feline health issue, backed by expert veterinary advice, from an actual veterinarian. Join us as we dive into the facts every cat owner needs to know to handle this urgent health issue effectively. Understanding this common condition is critical for every cat owner!

Understanding Urinary Blockages

Urinary blockages, or urinary tract obstructions , are like a clogged pipe within your cat’s urinary tract. When a blockage or clog occurs, it prevents urine from exiting the bladder, leading to an accumulation of urine that can't escape. This buildup increases pressure within the bladder and can cause it to become distended and, in severe cases, even rupture. The resulting backup of urine also leads to an increase in toxins within the cat's system, which would normally be filtered through the kidneys and expelled via the cat’s urine. This toxic buildup can lead to a dangerous condition known as uremic poisoning.

If left untreated, the increased pressure and toxins can cause rapid deterioration of the cat's health. Kidney damage can begin, further complicating the cat's ability to remove wastes from the blood. Without intervention, this situation can lead to kidney failure, severe metabolic disturbances, or even fatality within 24 to 48 hours if not treated immediately.

These dangerous plugs typically consist of a mix of minerals and protein deposits that can form due to a variety of dietary and metabolic factors creating crystals or small stones. These accumulate and form obstructions in the narrow passages of a cat's urethra. Urethral strictures (narrowing of the urethra due to scar tissue) and, less commonly, tumors or severe inflammation of the urinary tract can also contribute to obstruction. Male cats are at higher risk due to their naturally narrower and longer urethras, which make them more susceptible to becoming blocked.

Symptoms of a Urinary Blockage

Cats suffering from a urinary blockage will show several symptoms that pet owners should watch for:

Frequent visits to the litter box with little to no urine production
Painful urination, often expressed by vocalizing or straining
Licking the genital area excessively
Urine that is bloody or cloudy
Lethargy or hiding
Vomiting or refusal to eat

While urinary blockages can occur in any cat, certain factors increase the risk:

Gender and Size: Male cats, particularly those who are overweight or neutered, are at a higher risk.
Diet: Diets low in moisture or high in minerals can promote crystal and stone formation.
Hydration: Insufficient water intake can lead to more concentrated urine, which increases the risk of crystal formation.
Activity Level: Less active cats tend to have slower metabolism rates, which can affect bladder and kidney health.
Stressed Felines: Environmental stressors, such as changes in the home, conflict with other pets, and inadequate litter box conditions, can also increase the risk of urinary problems, including blockages. Stress can lead to changes in urinary habits and exacerbate conditions like Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD), which can construct blockages.

Emergency Care and Treatment for Blocked Cats

Urinary blockages are a medical emergency that requires immediate veterinary care. Treatment typically involves:

Catheterization: To relieve the blockage, a vet will insert a urinary catheter to flush out the plug and clear the urethra.
Fluid Therapy: To help flush the urinary system and provide hydration.
Medication: To address pain , inflammation, and any underlying infection.
Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove stones or correct anatomical abnormalities. In recurring cases, a procedure called perineal urethrostomy (PU) enlarges the urethral opening to prevent future blockages.

Long-Term Management

Managing urinary blockages in cats effectively requires a comprehensive approach and extra vigilance from feline owners.

Three ways cat owners can proactively minimize the risk of urinary blockages:

Dietary Changes: One of the most effective preventive measures is to modify your cat's diet . Feeding a moisture-rich diet, which can include wet cat food or prescription diets formulated specifically for urinary health, helps reduce the concentration of minerals that can form crystals and stones. These therapeutic diets are designed to promote a healthy pH in the urine and prevent crystal formation.
Hydration: Proper hydration is crucial in preventing urinary blockages. Cats naturally have a low thirst drive, so it's important to encourage them to take in more water. Providing multiple water bowls around the house, investing in cat water fountains that provide continuous fresh, flowing water, and mixing water into their food can all help increase their total water intake.
Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Routine veterinary exams are vital for maintaining your cat's urinary health. Regular check-ups allow your veterinarian to detect early signs of urinary tract issues before they develop into a full blockage. During these visits, your vet may recommend diagnostic tests to monitor your cat’s urinary tract health and suggest adjustments to their preventive care routine.

Awareness is Key

Knowledge is power! Understanding the signs and acting quickly can save your cat's life. Regular discussions with your veterinarian about your cat’s diet and lifestyle are great starting points for maintaining your feline’s urinary health. Remember, when it comes to urinary issues, the sooner you act, the better the outcome. If you notice any changes in your cat's urinary habits, don’t hesitate—seek veterinary care immediately.

All About Lyme Disease

Fri, 19 Apr 2024 13:43:00 GMT

Lyme disease is a bacterial infection that affects both humans and dogs. It’s prevalent in many areas of the United States, particularly in the Northeast, Midwest, and Pacific Coast. With summer approaching and our furry companions spending more time outdoors, understanding Lyme disease and how to protect your dog becomes even more important. As veterinarians, we want to ensure you have the information you need to keep your pet safe and healthy throughout Prevent Lyme Disease in Dogs Month and beyond.

Understanding Lyme Disease in Dogs

The culprit behind Lyme disease in dogs is the blacklegged tick (or deer tick). These tiny hitchhikers live in wooded and grassy areas, waiting for a chance to latch onto a passing animal (or human) for a blood meal. While ticks go through various life stages, it’s the nymph and adult stages that are most likely to transmit Lyme disease.

Once attached to a dog (or another host), a blacklegged tick can take several days to feed. During this feeding process, if the tick is carrying Borrelia burgdorferi, it can transmit this bacteria into your dog’s bloodstream. It’s important to note that not every tick bite transmits Lyme disease, and some dogs may not develop symptoms for weeks or even months after infection.

Lyme Disease Symptoms

Unfortunately, Lyme disease can be a bit of a stealthy enemy. Its most common symptoms often mimic other illnesses, making early detection a challenge. The symptoms may also vary from one pet to another.

Common symptoms of Lyme Disease include:

Fever: An unexplained elevation in body temperature is a common early indicator of Lyme disease.
Lameness: Dogs with Lyme disease may exhibit limping or stiffness in one or more legs. This lameness can shift, meaning it might appear in different legs at different times.
Lethargy: If your usually energetic dog seems tired and disinterested in activities they normally enjoy, it could be a sign of Lyme disease or another underlying condition.
Loss of appetite: A decrease in appetite, especially coupled with other symptoms, is always a cause for concern.
Swollen lymph nodes: Part of the immune system, lymph nodes can enlarge when the body is fighting off infection.

While these are some of the most common signs, it’s important to remember that Lyme disease can manifest in other ways, as well. Less frequent symptoms include facial swelling, depression, difficulty breathing, and even seizures. If you notice any unusual symptoms in your canine companion, it’s best to err on the side of caution and seek veterinary care. Whether it’s Lyme Disease or something else, early detection and treatment provide the best prognosis.

Protecting Your Dog from Lyme Disease

An ounce of prevention, as the saying goes, is worth a pound of cure. This couldn’t be truer when it comes to Lyme disease in dogs. While complete prevention is never guaranteed, taking proactive steps significantly reduces your dog’s risk of contracting the disease. And preventing Lyme disease is much easier than treating it .

There are several different options available for preventing tick infestations on your dog.

Here’s a breakdown of some of the most common preventives:

Prescription medications: These oral medications are highly effective in killing ticks that may try to attach to your dog. They come in various forms, and your veterinarian will recommend the best medicine based on your dog’s age, breed, and lifestyle.
Topical treatments: These spot-on applications are applied directly to your dog’s skin at regular intervals, typically monthly. They work by repelling and killing ticks before they have a chance to attach and transmit diseases.
Tick collars: These collars contain insecticides that repel and kill ticks. While convenient, they may not be as effective as other methods and irritate some dogs’ skin.

It’s important to talk to your veterinarian to determine the best tick prevention method for your dog. Factors like your dog’s age, breed, lifestyle, and the prevalence of ticks in your area will all play a role in choosing the best option for your canine companion.

In addition to preventative medications and treatments, regular tick checks are another crucial element in protecting your dog from Lyme disease.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lyme Disease

Even with the best preventative measures, there’s always a chance your dog might encounter a tick carrying Lyme disease. If you think your dog may have been exposed, seeking immediate veterinary attention is crucial.

While at-home tests for Lyme disease are available, these tests can be unreliable and may not provide an accurate picture of your dog’s health. We strongly recommend having your pet diagnosed by a qualified veterinarian. Through a comprehensive examination and diagnostic tests, we can accurately determine if your dog has Lyme disease and develop an effective treatment plan.

Diagnostic Tests Performed by Veterinarians

The most common diagnostic test for Lyme disease in dogs is a blood test that detects antibodies to the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria. The immune system creates these antibodies in response to the infection. It’s important to note that a positive antibody test doesn’t necessarily confirm active Lyme disease.

Depending on your dog’s specific symptoms, your veterinarian may recommend additional tests to assess the extent of the infection and identify potential complications. These additional tests might include X-rays, joint fluid analysis, or neurological evaluations.

Treatment Options for Lyme Disease

If your dog has Lyme disease, the good news is that it’s a treatable condition. The most common treatment for Lyme disease involves a course of antibiotics. The type and duration of antibiotic treatment varies depending on the severity of the infection.

It’s critically important to complete the prescribed course of antibiotics, even if your dog starts feeling better. Stopping the medication early can allow the bacteria to survive and potentially lead to a relapse or more serious complications.

In addition to antibiotics, your veterinarian may recommend other medications to manage your dog’s symptoms, such as pain relievers or anti-inflammatory drugs. They may also recommend supportive care, such as rest and restricted activity, during the recovery period.

Living with a Dog Diagnosed with Lyme Disease

A diagnosis of Lyme disease can be concerning, but with treatment and care, most dogs make a full recovery.

Here’s what you can expect if your dog has Lyme disease:

Following Treatment Plans and Recommendations: Following your veterinarian’s prescribed course of medication and adhering to any recommended activity restrictions are crucial for your dog’s recovery.
Supportive Care: Providing a comfortable, stress-free environment for your dog can aid their healing process. Offer plenty of rest, ensure fresh water is readily available, and adjust their activity level as advised by your veterinarian.
Long-Term Management (if applicable): In some cases, Lyme disease can cause long-term joint problems . If your dog experiences persistent lameness or stiffness, your veterinarian may recommend additional therapies like physical therapy or pain management medications to improve their quality of life.

Closing Thoughts

Lyme disease is a serious illness, but with awareness, prevention, and prompt veterinary care, it doesn’t have to be devastating. Remember, early detection is key! If you notice any signs that might indicate your dog has been exposed to Lyme disease, such as a tick bite, fever, lameness, or lethargy, schedule an appointment with your veterinarian right away. Early diagnosis and veterinary treatment can prevent complications and ensure a full recovery.

Take action today to protect your dog’s health and well-being.

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A Veterinarian’s Breakdown of Cat Heartworm

Mon, 08 Apr 2024 21:40:00 GMT

As veterinarians, we see a wide range of health concerns in our feline friends. One potential threat often overlooked by cat owners is heartworm disease . While less common in cats than dogs, heartworm infection still poses a serious health risk. Understanding the prevalence of this disease in cats, along with the importance of prevention, is crucial to keeping your furry companion safe.

Unfortunately, unlike canine heartworm disease, there is currently no approved treatment for cats. This makes prevention the absolute cornerstone of protecting your feline friend from this potentially life-threatening condition. In this article, we’re exploring the world of feline heartworm disease , its prevalence, how cats become infected, and most importantly, the preventative measures you can take to protect your cat. Let’s go!

What are Heartworms?

Heartworms, scientifically known as Dirofilaria immitis, are parasitic worms that take up residence in the heart and lungs of infected animals. These slender, foot-long worms wreak havoc on an animal’s internal systems, causing significant damage to the heart, lungs, and surrounding blood vessels.

Adult heartworms in an infected animal release microscopic larvae into the bloodstream. A feeding mosquito ingests these larvae when it bites the infected animal. Once inside a mosquito, the larvae mature over a period of time. When the infected mosquito bites another animal, like a cat, the mature larvae from the mosquito enter the mammal’s bloodstream. These larvae then travel through the body, eventually reaching the heart and lungs, where they mature into adult heartworms, perpetuating the cycle.

How Do Cats Get Heartworms?

The heartworm lifecycle holds the key to understanding how cats become infected. Mosquitoes act as the primary transmitter, picking up immature heartworm larvae when they feast on an already-infected animal, typically a dog, fox, coyote, or another mammal that serves as a natural host.

Once inside the mosquito, the larvae mature over several weeks. When the infected mosquito bites a cat, these mature larvae make their way into the cat’s bloodstream, beginning their journey to the heart and lungs.

Where things differ for cats compared to dogs:

Cats are not a natural host for heartworms . And thanks to their predominantly indoor lifestyle, they have a lower chance of encountering infected mosquitoes. Additionally, a cat’s immune system is more adept at attacking these invaders. Often, the immature larvae die off before they can mature into adult heartworms. This is why heartworm disease is less common in cats than in dogs.

However, it’s important to remember that this doesn’t mean your indoor cat is completely safe. Mosquitoes can make their way indoors through open windows, doors, or small cracks. Plus, some cats have access to the outdoors through screened porches or occasional escapes, increasing their risk of exposure. While heartworms often don’t reach maturity in cats, they can still cause considerable damage and cause what is known as heartworm-associated respiratory disease .

Discussing your cat’s specific risk factors with your veterinarian and implementing appropriate preventative measures, which we’ll explore in the next section, is extremely important when it comes to safeguarding your feline friend against these devastating parasites.

Can All Cats Get Heartworm Disease?

Yes, all cats are susceptible to heartworm disease, but it’s significantly less common than in dogs. This is due to several factors, including a cat’s indoor lifestyle and their immune system’s ability to attack the immature larvae before they mature.

Is My Cat at Risk?

While heartworm disease is less common in cats than dogs, understanding your cat’s risk factors is crucial.

Consider these risk factors:

Outdoor Access: Unsurprisingly, cats who spend time outdoors, even occasionally, are at a higher risk of being bitten by infected mosquitoes.
Mosquito-Prone Areas : Living in a region with a high mosquito population increases your cat’s risk, regardless of indoor or outdoor status. Mosquitoes are skilled at finding their way indoors, especially during the warmer months.

Given these considerations, it is wise to discuss your cat’s specific risk factors with your veterinarian during their annual checkup. They will assess your cat’s overall health and risk factors to help you determine whether your feline friend needs preventative medication.

What Are the Symptoms of Heartworm Disease in Cats?

Unfortunately, heartworm disease often begins with very subtle — or even non-existent — symptoms. This makes early detection challenging.

Potential signs of heartworm disease to watch in cats for include:

Coughing: A persistent cough, especially after exertion, is a common sign of heartworm infection in cats.
Weight Loss: Unexplained weight loss, even with a seemingly normal appetite, can indicate heartworm disease.
Lethargy: Cats with heartworm disease may exhibit decreased activity levels and appear more tired than usual.
Difficulty Breathing: Labored breathing, especially during playtime or while resting, is a serious symptom that warrants immediate veterinary attention.

While seeing a worm in your cat’s stool can be alarming, it’s not a heartworm. Heartworms reside in the heart and lungs — not the intestines. If you observe worms in your cat’s feces, schedule a visit with your veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment. They can identify the parasite and recommend the most effective course of action.

Why Are Annual Checkups Important?

Early detection of heartworm disease is critical for optimizing your cat’s health and well-being. Regular veterinary checkups, including physical examinations and potential diagnostic tests when necessary, are essential in identifying this condition (and many others) before it progresses. Early intervention helps manage symptoms and improves your cat’s quality of life.

How Can I Protect My Cat from Heartworm?

As mentioned above, there is currently no approved treatment for feline heartworm disease, which makes prevention crucial. Thankfully, several effective preventative medications are available.

These medications, often administered in a topical or chewable form, work by killing developing heartworm larvae before they mature into adults. Some popular options include Revolution Plus , which protects against heartworms and treats common feline parasites like fleas, intestinal worms, and ear mites. Your veterinarian will help you choose the best preventative medication for your cat based on their age, lifestyle, and overall health.

Does My Cat Need Year-Round Protection?

Year-round preventative medication is crucial, even for indoor cats. As mentioned earlier, mosquitoes can find their way indoors, and it only takes one bite to cause an infection. And while mosquitos are most prevalent during the summer, keeping your feline friend on an effective preventive throughout the year ensures the most comprehensive protection.

What Should I Know About Living with a Cat with Heartworm Disease?

Because there is no cure for heartworm disease in cats , living with a cat with this condition means managing symptoms to improve their quality of life. This may involve medications to help with coughing, difficulty breathing, or other complications associated with the infection. Your vet will develop a plan to address your cat’s symptoms and provide them with as much comfort as possible.

Are There Any Natural Remedies for Heartworms?

Unfortunately, there are no safe or effective natural remedies for heartworm disease in cats. If you suspect your cat has heartworms, consulting your veterinarian is essential. They can diagnose the disease and create a treatment plan to manage your cat’s symptoms and improve their quality of life. Following your veterinarian’s guidance and using only approved preventative medications are the best ways to safeguard your feline friend from heartworm disease.

Cat Heartworm Concluded

While heartworm disease is less common in cats than dogs, it can still pose a serious health threat to your feline companion. Understanding the risk factors, the importance of prevention, and the limitations of treatment are crucial for keeping your cat safe. Regular veterinary checkups and year-round preventative medication form the foundation of a proactive approach to protecting your cat’s health. By working together with your veterinarian, you can ensure your feline best friend enjoys a long, healthy life free from heartworm disease.

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 . Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

Discovering Heartworm Disease in Dogs

Mon, 08 Apr 2024 21:34:00 GMT

Heartworm. It's more than just a buzzword you hear at your vet's office; it's a condition that could impact your dog's health and happiness for the rest of their lives. Every dog, from the tiniest Chihuahua to the towering Great Dane, is at risk of heartworm disease. Geography plays a role, with areas having high mosquito populations seeing more cases. However, no state in the U.S. is heartworm-free.

Let's explore what heartworm disease is, how it's transmitted, its symptoms, prognosis, and, most importantly, prevention and treatment., As a veterinarian, I've witnessed firsthand the impact of heartworm disease on our canine friends and the distress it causes to pet owners. This blog aims to shed light on heartworm disease, from its transmission to prevention and treatment options, empowering you with the knowledge to protect your pets.

The How of Heartworm

Heartworm disease is caused by a parasitic worm called Dirofilaria immitis. The unsung villain in the spread of heartworm is none other than the mosquito. The disease is transmitted when a mosquito bites an infected animal and then bites your dog, transferring the heartworm larvae into your dog’s bloodstream. This means that any dog, regardless of age, breed, or living conditions, can get heartworm disease if an infected mosquito bites them. Yes, even indoor dogs are at risk!

When a mosquito bites an infected animal, it picks up heartworm larvae. These larvae mature into infectious stage larvae within the mosquito. When this mosquito bites your dog, it transfers the larvae into your pet's bloodstream. These worms take up residence in the heart, lungs, and associated blood vessels of affected pets, causing severe lung disease, heart failure, and damage to other organs. The disease is as scary as it sounds, but understanding it is the first step towards protection.

Thy Symptoms

Heartworm disease is a master of disguise. In its early stages, your dog might show no symptoms at all. As the disease progresses, signs can range from a mild persistent cough, reluctance to exercise, and fatigue after moderate activity to more severe symptoms like a swollen belly due to excess fluid. Weight loss, difficulty breathing, and pale gums are also red flags.

Preventing Heartworm Disease

The real deal in managing heartworm disease is prevention. Prevention is undoubtedly better than cure , especially when it comes to heartworm disease. Preventive medications are highly effective when administered properly and on a strict schedule. These medications are available in various forms, including monthly chewable tablets, topical solutions, and injectable products administered by a veterinarian.

All dogs, regardless of their lifestyle or location, should be on heartworm prevention and should be tested annually because no preventive method is 100% foolproof. The test confirms the effectiveness of the preventive regimen. The lifecycle of heartworms means they can take several months to mature and be detected, and annual testing helps catch infections acquired since the last test.

Year-round Protection

Remember, it only takes one bite from an infected mosquito to put your dog at risk. Monthly heartworm preventatives are the best way to protect your dog. These medications are safe, and effective, and come in various forms, including pills, topicals, and injections.

I recommend year-round heartworm prevention, even in areas where mosquitoes are seasonal. Mosquitoes can survive indoors during winter, and brief periods of warm weather can activate them. By maintaining year-round prevention, you guarantee continuous protection against heartworm disease and other parasitic infections that these preventatives often cover.

Treatment for Heartworm Disease

If your dog is diagnosed with heartworm disease, treatment options are available but can be complex and costly. The goal of treatment is to kill all adult and immature worms while minimizing the side effects of the treatment. The American Heartworm Society currently recommends a protocol involving several steps:

Stabilization: If the disease has caused significant health issues, we first stabilize your dog with appropriate therapy.
Adulticide Therapy: This involves the administration of a drug called melarsomine dihydrochloride, which kills adult heartworms. It requires multiple injections and strict confinement to reduce exercise-induced complications.
Microfilaricide Treatment: After adult worms are treated, we then address the microfilariae (baby worms) with a different medication.
Follow-up Testing: Several months post-treatment, we conduct tests to ensure all heartworms have been eliminated.

If detected early, the prognosis for heartworm disease can be very good, though treatment is not without its risks. The process to eliminate adult worms can be tough on your dog, and strict rest is required to prevent complications. Prevention is far safer, less expensive, and easier, which is why veterinarians advocate for regular use of preventive medications.

Keeping Our Dogs Healthy

While heartworm disease is a serious and potentially fatal condition, it's also preventable and manageable with early detection. My message to all dog owners is simple: keep up with regular vet visits, maintain your dog on a heartworm preventative year-round, and be as committed to your dog's health as they are to making you happy. Together, we can keep heartworm at bay and help our furry friends live long, healthy lives.

Remember, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure when it comes to heartworm disease. Don't wait until it's too late; talk to your vet about starting a heartworm prevention regimen today. Your four-legged friend will thank you!

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 . Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

Pet Parasite Awareness: Preventing Common Springtime Infestations

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 14:27:00 GMT

Spring’s arrival brings blooming flowers, chirping birds, and, unfortunately, a resurgence of unwelcome guests : pesky parasites. As veterinarians, we see firsthand the discomfort and health risks these tiny hitchhikers pose to our furry companions. While they might seem like a seasonal nuisance, the truth is year-round protection is crucial for keeping your pet happy and healthy. So, let’s shed some light on three of the most common springtime foes — fleas, ticks, and mosquitos — to equip you with the knowledge to keep them at bay.

Fleas: Tiny Terrorists with Big Bites

Imagine tiny vampires jumping onto your pet, feasting on their blood and leaving behind itchy, irritating bites. That’s the reality of fleas: tiny insects with a talent for making life miserable for both pets and humans. They thrive in warm weather, making spring a prime time for breeding. Female fleas lay eggs that hatch into larvae, eventually maturing into adults ready to hop onto unsuspecting hosts.

The dangers of fleas extend beyond just itching. They can transmit tapeworms to pets and cause allergic reactions that manifest as red, inflamed skin. Flea anemia is another concern for our feline friends. For humans, flea bites can be itchy and uncomfortable and in rare cases, even lead to allergic reactions.

Think your pet has fleas? The most common symptoms include:

Constant scratching and biting: Is your pet itching excessively, especially around the tail base and back? That could be a sign of fleas.
Tiny black specks: Look for flea dirt, which resembles pepper grains, on your pet’s fur or bedding.
Red, inflamed skin: Flea bites can cause irritation and inflammation, especially on the belly, groin, and around the base of the tail.

The good news is that there are several ways to keep fleas at bay:

Topical medications: These monthly applications kill fleas on contact and offer long-lasting protection.
Oral medications: These chewable tablets provide convenient protection for pets who dislike topical treatments.
Flea collars: While not as effective as other methods, collars can offer some protection.
Environmental control: Regularly vacuuming, washing pet bedding, and treating the yard with pet-safe insecticides breaks the flea life cycle.

Ticks: Small Insects, Big Threat

Ticks might be smaller than fleas (at least before eating), but they pack a much bigger punch . These arachnids attach themselves to your pet’s skin and feed on their blood, potentially transmitting a range of serious diseases, including Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The type of tick and the duration of its attachment determine the risk of disease transmission.

Worried about ticks? Here are some tips:

Thorough tick checks: Regularly inspect your pet for ticks, especially after walks in wooded areas or tall grass. Pay close attention to areas like the ears, neck, armpits, and groin.
Spot the telltale bump: Ticks appear as small, round bumps that grow larger as they feed.
Symptoms of tick-borne diseases: Watch for fever, lethargy, loss of appetite, swollen lymph nodes, or lameness, which could indicate a tick-borne illness.

Prevention is key when it comes to ticks:

Tick collars: These offer convenient protection, but their effectiveness varies depending on the type of tick and collar used.
Topical medications: Several veterinary-approved topical medications repel and kill ticks.
Oral medications: These provide another option for tick prevention, especially for pets who dislike topical treatments.
Avoiding tick-infested areas: When possible, avoid walking your pet in areas with high tick populations.

Mosquitos: More Than Just Itchy Bites

While fleas and ticks are obvious threats, mosquitos pose a more insidious danger. These tiny insects transmit heartworm , a potentially fatal parasitic disease that affects the heart and lungs of dogs. Mosquitoes infected with heartworm larvae bite dogs, injecting the larvae into their bloodstream. These larvae mature into adult worms that take up residence in the heart and blood vessels, causing severe damage over time.

The buzz on heartworm:

Symptoms of heartworm disease: Coughing, lethargy, and difficulty breathing. Unfortunately, these symptoms usually don’t present until an infestation is severe.

Regular testing and prevention: As veterinarians, we recommend annual heartworm testing and year-round preventive medication, even for indoor pets, as mosquitos can enter homes.

Protecting your pet from mosquitoes requires a multi-faceted approach:

Limit exposure to mosquitos: During peak mosquito season, be mindful of the times you take your pet outside. Avoid dawn and dusk hours when mosquitos are most active, and take walks in areas with low mosquito populations. Consider using mosquito netting on outdoor enclosures or installing screens on doors and windows to further minimize exposure.
Utilize additional repellents: While heartworm prevention remains the primary defense, additional repellents can offer extra protection. Consult your veterinarian for pet-safe repellents like topical sprays or collars that repel mosquitos and other biting insects. Never use human repellents on your pet, as they can be toxic.

Spring Forward with Pet Parasite Awareness

As veterinarians, we see the devastating consequences of untreated parasite infections firsthand. Fleas can cause severe allergic reactions and discomfort, ticks can transmit life-threatening diseases, and mosquitos can lead to heartworm, a condition that requires extensive and expensive treatment. Thankfully, with a little awareness and proactive measures , you can keep your furry friend safe and healthy all year round.

Regularly check your pet for external parasites, especially after outdoor adventures. Early detection and treatment are key. We also encourage you to use topical medications, oral preventatives, and environmental control measures to create a multi-pronged defense against parasites.

Your veterinarian is your partner in pet health. They can create a personalized parasite prevention plan and address any concerns you might have. Above all else, remember that a healthy pet is a happy pet! By taking proactive steps to prevent parasite infestations, you can ensure your furry companion enjoys all the joys that spring brings without the worry of unwelcome hitchhikers.

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 . Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

Senior Dog Care: A Focus on Silver Snouts and Aging Dog Wellness

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 14:14:00 GMT

As our loyal companions enter their golden years, their care needs evolve, and as a dedicated veterinarian, I'm here to guide you through this journey. Aging is a natural process, and with it comes changes that may affect your dog's health, behavior, and overall quality of life. But fear not, with the right support and care, your senior dog can continue to lead a happy, comfortable, and fulfilling life.

In this blog, we'll dive into the essentials of senior dog wellness , from recognizing the signs of aging to understanding the health challenges that may arise. We'll explore practical ways you can support your aging pet at home, and why leaning on your veterinarian's expertise is more important than ever during these years. Our goal is to empower you with knowledge and strategies to ensure your senior dog not only ages gracefully but thrives. So, let's begin this journey and celebrate every moment we have with our silver-snouted senior pups.

Understanding Senior Dog Years

Firstly, let's define when a dog is considered a senior. While the age varies by breed and size, most dogs enter their senior phase around 7 to 10 years old. Small breeds tend to live longer and may become seniors later than large breeds.

This phase is significant because aging brings changes in metabolism, activity levels, and health risks, necessitating adjustments in their care.

The top 5 changes we see in senior dogs:

Decreased Mobility and Joint Issues: Many senior dogs develop arthritis, leading to stiffness and difficulty moving.
Cognitive Changes: Often referred to as Canine Cognitive Dysfunction, this affects memory, perception, and awareness.
Changes in Sensory Capabilities: This includes diminished hearing and vision loss.
Weight Gain or Loss: Due to changes in metabolism , along with varying dietary needs.
Increased Vulnerability to Chronic Diseases: Such as kidney disease, heart disease, and diabetes.

Senior Dog Wellness Exams

Regular wellness exams are imperative for our senior pups. These check-ups allow us to monitor significant health indicators like weight, vision, heart function, and detect any developing health issues. Each exam is a thorough, nose-to-tail evaluation, including checks for common age-related conditions like nuclear sclerosis, dental health, arthritis, heart murmurs, and so much more. We recommend these exams twice a year for our senior pets to allow early intervention and diagnosis of any issues.

Regular Blood Work for Senior Dogs

As mentioned before, as dogs age, they become more susceptible to various health issues, making regular blood work an essential tool for early detection and management of potential problems. Blood tests can reveal issues like kidney disease, liver problems, diabetes, or hormonal imbalances before they become serious.

Why Bloodwork Is Beneficial:

Early Detection of Diseases: As pets age, they become more susceptible to various health issues, such as kidney disease, liver problems, diabetes, thyroid imbalances, and cancers. Yearly bloodwork can help detect these conditions early, often before your pet shows any outward signs of illness. Early detection can lead to more effective management or treatment.
Monitoring Chronic Conditions: If your senior pet has a chronic condition, regular bloodwork is essential to monitor the progress of the disease and the effectiveness of any ongoing treatment. Adjustments to medication or diet can be made based on these results.
Baseline Data: Yearly tests provide a record of what's normal for your pet , which can be invaluable if they become ill. Changes from their baseline can give vets clues about what might be wrong.
Preventive Care: Regular testing can identify risk factors for disease and allow for preventive measures to be taken before a condition becomes serious.
Aging Changes : As pets age, their bodies change. What was normal at five years old may not be normal at ten. Yearly tests help keep track of these changes.

The types of bloodwork and tests recommended for senior pets typically include:

Complete Blood Count (CBC): Checks for anemia, infection, and other blood-related conditions.
Biochemistry Profile: Assesses organ function, including liver and kidneys, and checks for diabetes.
Thyroid Function Tests: Especially important in older cats, as hyperthyroidism is common .
Urinalysis: Helps assess kidney function and checks for urinary tract infections or diabetes.
Blood Pressure Measurement: High blood pressure can be a silent problem in senior pets.
Screening for Internal & External Parasites: Continues to be important in senior pets. If contracted, these can be more harmful in older pets.

Depending on your pet's health history and current condition, your veterinarian might also recommend specific tests such as X-rays, ultrasound , or more specialized blood tests. Regular wellness exams and these tests are imperative for maintaining the health and quality of life of your senior pet. Remember, early intervention can significantly improve the quality of life for your precious pup!

Exercise remains important for senior dogs but should be appropriate for their age and health status. Gentle walks, short play sessions, and low-impact activities like swimming can keep them active without straining their joints. Your veterinarian can help you determine what sort of activities would be best for your senior.

Having a safe and engaging environment is key for our senior dog's well-being. Simple measures like securing gates, preventing falls, and providing comfortable resting spots can significantly enhance their safety. Keeping them mentally and physically stimulated with appropriate toys, games, and interaction is also important for their overall happiness.

Senior Dog Dietary Needs

As our canines enter their golden years, their dietary needs evolve, requiring special attention to ensure their continued health and vitality. Senior dogs, much like their human counterparts, can face a variety of age-related challenges that can be mitigated or managed with the right nutritional support . Senior dog diets are crafted to cater to the unique nutritional needs of aging canines. These foods typically contain fewer calories to help prevent unwanted weight gain—a common issue in less active senior dogs, which can exacerbate joint problems and other health conditions.

But it's not just about reducing calories; these diets are designed to be rich in key nutrients that support overall health in older dogs:

Joint Support: Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as EPA and DHA, can help reduce inflammation and support joint health. Glucosamine and chondroitin are also beneficial, often included in senior diets to aid in maintaining cartilage health and joint mobility.
Cognitive Function: Ingredients rich in antioxidants, like Vitamin E, Vitamin C, selenium, and beta-carotene, can help protect against cognitive decline.
Digestive Health: Diets with easily digestible proteins, added fiber, and probiotics can support digestive health, making sure that senior dogs absorb the nutrients they need effectively.

Wellness Throughout the Years

Caring for a senior dog is a journey filled with love, patience, and a bit of extra attention to their changing needs. As they step gracefully into their older years, it's our privilege to support you so they do so with comfort, joy, and the best health possible. Embracing senior wellness through regular veterinary visits, tailored nutrition, and understanding their evolving needs can make all the difference in their quality of life. Remember, aging is not a disease; it's a natural part of life that we can navigate together with compassion and expertise. Here's to cherishing every moment with our faithful companions, allowing their senior years to be as fulfilling and vibrant as every stage before.

Unleashing Good Behavior: When’s the Right Time for Dog Training?

Mon, 11 Mar 2024 21:29:00 GMT

We all love a dog who can shake, speak, and roll over, but good behavior goes much deeper than party tricks. Today, we'll tackle pieces of the transformative journey of dog training.

As a veterinarian with years of experience, I've seen the difference that timely and effective training can make in the lives of dogs and their families. The question isn't just if you should train your dog, but when. Understanding the role of your veterinarian in this process can enhance your dog's training journey, helping them to grow into well-adjusted, happy pets.

The Right Time for Training: It's Earlier Than You Think

The early bird gets the worm, and training your pup is no different! One common misconception is that puppies must reach a certain age before training begins. In reality, training starts the moment your furry friend steps paw into your home. Puppies are like sponges, eager and ready to soak up everything they can learn about the world around them. Starting with basic directives like "sit," "stay," and "come" as early as eight weeks old can set a strong foundation for more advanced training later on.

Training isn't just about commands and control; it's about nurturing good manners. The goal is for our dogs to be well-behaved members of society. Start as soon as possible – good behaviors and manners tend to stick better when learned early. Think of unwanted behavior as a habit – the more a dog practices it, the more ingrained it becomes. Addressing behaviors early on can prevent them from becoming rooted, making the training process more straightforward and effective.

Breed-Specific Behavior Tendencies and Traits

While certain breeds may exhibit consistent behavior patterns due to their genetic makeup, it's important to treat each dog as an individual. Overgeneralizing based on breed can lead to misconceptions and unfair treatment, as seen in breed-specific legislation.

Selecting the right dog breed for your family is also an important piece of the puzzle of creating a match between your training goals and your pet’s needs. Certain breeds come with a predisposition for specific behaviors, such as herding, guarding, or serving as companions. For instance, if your heart is set on a companion to snuggle up on the couch and have basic manners, breeds known for their calm and affectionate demeanor might suit you best.

On the flip side, if you're enthusiastic about agility, sports, or work, opting for a breed that thrives on physical activity and mental challenges would be ideal. Understanding these breed-specific traits can guide you in choosing a dog that aligns with your expectations, ensuring a fulfilling relationship for both you and your pet from the get-go. Early recognition of these traits is also instrumental in tailoring your training approach to bring out the best in your dog, paving the way for a well-adjusted and happy canine member of your family.

Is Change Possible in Dogs with Behavior Problems?

Absolutely! It’s true, I haven’t met every dog on the planet, but the majority of dogs are trainable. In most cases, your dog's behaviors are learned, which means they can unlearn them too. The flexibility of the canine nervous system allows for remarkable adaptability . Whether it's replacing unwanted behaviors or extinguishing them completely, there's always room for positive change.

While there's no one-size-fits-all solution to behavioral training, the diversity of techniques available means that there's almost always a way to address and modify any given issue. From nuisance behaviors like excessive barking to more complex issues like separation anxiety, there's a spectrum of behaviors that dogs exhibit. Addressing these effectively requires a blend of behavior modification techniques, management strategies, and sometimes even medication.

In future discussions, we'll delve deeper into specific strategies for various behavioral challenges. However, the foundation of any successful training journey begins with a positive mindset and knowing your dog's potential to learn and adapt.

Your Vet's Role in Behavioral Management

Your veterinarian is a valuable resource in your dog's training process. We're not only here to address physical health concerns but also to support your dog's behavioral health. During routine check-ups, feel free to discuss any behavior concerns or questions you might have. We can provide insights into breed-specific characteristics that might influence training methods or suggest behavioral signs that indicate readiness for certain types of training.

One important note is that as your veterinarian, we will first rule out any physical reasons or illnesses for behavioral changes. After that, we can guide you on managing your dog's behavior, recommend a skilled trainer, or refer you to an animal behavior specialist .

Prevention is better than cure. A well-balanced diet, a healthy environment, regular exercise, and a stable social structure at home can significantly reduce the likelihood of behavior problems developing.

The Impact of Spaying or Neutering

In the clinic, we hear about spaying and neutering as a cure from a lot of pet owners. While spaying or neutering can eliminate certain behaviors linked to reproductive hormones, it's not a catch-all solution for behavioral issues. A multifaceted approach is often required for lasting behavioral change. This is another reason to have a check-in with your pet's veterinarian!

No Time Like the Present

Whether it's addressing minor behavioral quirks or more significant issues, remember that the environment plays a pivotal role in shaping your dog's behavior. Ignoring the root causes or triggers can lead to persistent problems. Behavioral challenges don't typically resolve on their own, and early professional intervention can be key. The longer the problem behavior occurs, the more difficult it is to change. Practice may not make it perfect, but it sure will make it permanent.

Starting early training and setting expectations is easier than correcting behavior issues later on. So, embrace early training with patience and persistence, and don't hesitate to seek professional guidance when needed.

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 . Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

A Fungus Among Us: Mushroom Ingestion in Dogs

Mon, 11 Mar 2024 21:20:00 GMT

Mushroom ingestion by animals is dangerous, causing toxicities that can progress from severe to deadly in a matter of hours. While strolling through the woods or even in your backyard, your pet might encounter these intriguing “pseudo-plants” and cause unexpected dangers to our canine companions . Today we delve into a topic that is important for every dog owner to understand: mushroom ingestion.

In this blog, we will uncover the hidden risks associated with mushroom ingestion in dogs. From identifying toxic varieties to recognizing symptoms of poisoning, our journey will equip you with the knowledge to protect your pet. We will also discuss immediate actions to take if your dog consumes a mushroom and discover how timely veterinary intervention can be lifesaving.

The Growth of Mushrooms: A Concern for Pet Owners

Mushrooms, a diverse and often mysterious group of fungi, thrive in various environments, particularly in moist and nutrient-rich conditions. They can appear overnight in a variety of places, including lawns, parks, woods, and even our backyards. They often grow in areas rich in organic matter, such as under trees, near stumps, or in decaying leaves. The combination of moisture and organic material provides the perfect breeding ground for these “fun guys."

As pet owners, it is wise to be vigilant at all times. Due to the recent rains in some regions, unexpected mushroom growth requires us to be more attentive during our pets' outdoor activities. Ingestion of even a small amount of a mushroom can have serious health implications, so keeping a watchful eye to ensure your pet does not inadvertently taste-test any mushrooms is important.

Mushroom Types and Toxicity

A number of mushroom species are toxic to animals (and people too). The ones of greatest concern can cause organ failure (e.g., liver and kidney) or gastrointestinal distress. There are also mushrooms that can be toxic to the neurologic system. While fascinating in their diversity, mushrooms can be deceptive in appearance, making it challenging to distinguish between safe and toxic varieties . The toxic mushrooms that pose a significant risk to dogs fall into several categories, each with its own set of toxins and resultant clinical signs.

Amanita Mushrooms : These are perhaps the most notorious, including species such as Amanita phalloides (Death Cap) and Amanita muscaria (Fly Agaric). They contain potent toxins that can cause severe liver and kidney damage. Clinical signs may include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, seizures, and in severe cases, can lead to coma or death.
False Morels: Resembling the edible “true” morels, these mushrooms contain hydrazine toxins. Consumption can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and neurological signs like dizziness and seizures.
Inocybe and Clitocybe Species: These mushrooms contain muscarinic agents. Dogs that ingest them may experience excessive drooling, tear production, urination, diarrhea, and neurological symptoms.
Psilocybin Mushrooms : Also known as magic mushrooms, these can cause hallucinations, altered perception, and a range of neurological disturbances in dogs.
Gyromitra Species: Often mistaken for morels, these mushrooms contain gyromitrin, a toxin that can cause vomiting, seizures, and liver damage.
Scleroderma Species: Commonly known as earthballs, these mushrooms can cause severe gastrointestinal upset and, in some cases, liver failure.

Given the difficulty in identifying mushroom species and the risk they pose, the best course of action is to prevent your dog from ingesting any wild mushrooms. If you suspect your dog has ingested a toxic mushroom, immediate veterinary attention is crucial. Quick and appropriate medical intervention can make a difference in the outcome of these potentially life-threatening situations.

If your animal has inadvertently ingested mushrooms, or you suspect the possibility that they may have, it is vital that you contact the ASPCA Poison Control Center and seek veterinary emergency care immediately.

Dog Mushroom Ingestion Effects

It is important to note that clinical signs of mushroom poisoning can vary widely depending on the type of mushroom ingested and the amount consumed. Clinical signs can range from mild gastrointestinal upset to severe organ damage and even death. The onset of clinical signs can also vary, from within a few hours to several days after ingestion.

High Risk Of Liver Failure

As I mentioned above, there are species of mushrooms that can cause fulminating liver failure. These tend to be the death cap or death angel (Amanita phalloides) mushrooms, but there may be others. The Amanitins are ubiquitous across North America including the Pacific States. This species may vary geographically, so a veterinarian should evaluate any mushroom exposure to ensure your pet's well-being.

The Amanitins cause acute liver failure. The clinical signs associated with toxicity may not occur immediately and not be evident for 6-12 hours, giving owners a false sense of security. If assessment and treatment for mushroom ingestion are not performed immediately, and by the time your pet shows clinical signs, they may have organ changes that progress to liver failure and possibly death, despite treatment in severely toxic cases.

Other Mushroom Affects: Gastrointestinal Issues

Many mushroom species can cause gastrointestinal signs such as vomiting and diarrhea. These clinical signs may range from mild to severe. Some of these mushroom species will also cause heart rate changes and increased salivation together with a set of clinical signs referred to as SLUDDE: Classic salivation, lacrimation (tear production), urination, defecation, gastrointestinal distress, and emesis (vomiting).

However, as with liver-toxic mushrooms, do not wait for clinical signs to appear if you suspect, or are certain, that your animal ingested mushrooms. Be proactive and call the ASPCA Poison Control Center hotline and seek veterinary care immediately for your pet.

Treatment For Mushroom Ingestion And Toxicity

If your dog consumes a mushroom, the first step is to seek veterinary care immediately, even if your pet is not showing any clinical signs. Time is of the essence in these situations, as the quicker the response, the better the chances of a positive outcome. Here is what you can expect when you visit the vet:

Initial Assessment: Your veterinarian will begin with a thorough examination of your dog to assess their overall condition and any immediate symptoms. They will likely ask questions about the mushroom ingestion, such as the time of ingestion, the amount consumed, and any clinical signs you have observed.
Inducing Vomiting (emesis): If the mushroom was ingested recently and your dog is stable, the veterinarian might induce vomiting to prevent further absorption of toxins. This is usually done within a couple of hours of ingestion.
Activated Charcoal: After vomiting is induced, activated charcoal may be administered. This substance binds to toxins present in the digestive tract and prevents further absorption of toxins into the bloodstream.
Blood Tests and Analysis: Blood work is necessary to assess the dog's liver and kidney function (and establish a baseline of values for monitoring purposes), as these organs are commonly affected by mushroom toxins. These tests may also help in determining the severity of the poisoning.
Supportive Care: Depending on the severity of the clinical signs and the type of mushroom ingested, your dog may require hospitalization for supportive care and monitoring. This can include intravenous fluids to support kidney function and combat dehydration, medications to control clinical signs such as vomiting or seizures, to minimize or counteract liver damage, and close monitoring of vital signs.
Observation and Monitoring: Continuous observation and monitoring are crucial, especially in the first 24 to 48 hours due to the possible delayed effects. Monitoring will likely include rechecking liver, kidney, and electrolyte values as well.

The rapid onset of adverse effects on organs warrants immediate veterinary intervention. It may be helpful to take a picture of the mushroom ingested, but identification of mushrooms requires expert mycologists and immediate identification may not be possible. Having a veterinarian treat your pet with decontamination and symptomatic care in the face of mushroom intoxication is of greater importance than identifying the mushroom they may have, or did, ingest.

A Not So Fungi

As pet owners, understanding the potential dangers and acting swiftly in the event of mushroom ingestion can make a life-saving difference for our pups. Always be cautious during mushroom-growing seasons and in environments conducive to their growth. Regularly inspect your yard and walking areas to ensure they are free of these fungal hazards.

Educate yourself and your family about the risks, keep a watchful eye on your pets while outdoors, and maintain open communication with your veterinarian. They are your best resource for information on local mushroom varieties and risks and guidance on what to do in an emergency. By working together, we can help keep our pets safe and healthy.

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 . Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

Understanding CT Scans in Veterinary Care

Fri, 01 Mar 2024 01:41:00 GMT

Here at Advanced Animal Care Emergency we are thrilled to announce that we now have our cutting edge CT machine . With this new technology comes a lot of questions about what it can do to help take care of pets even better than before! We want to take a deep dive on how this new tool can be used to help all of our patients moving forward.

From detecting intricate bone structures to revealing the minutest of tumors, CT scans enable us to make more accurate diagnoses and provide targeted treatments for your unique pet. Let’s take an in-depth look at Computed Tomography, majorly known as CT scans , and bring you closer to the forefront of veterinary diagnostics.

We have witnessed firsthand how this cutting-edge technology has revolutionized our approach to pet healthcare in many cases. While it may seem similar to traditional X-rays, a CT scan offers unparalleled detail, opening new windows into the internal workings of our animal patients. Let's explore this diagnostic tool together.

The Power and Value of CT Scans in Veterinary Care

CT scanning in veterinary care marks a huge leap in diagnostic capabilities , closely mirroring the advancements seen in human medicine. A CT scan captures over 3,000 images as the machine encircles your pet, compiling them to provide a comprehensive internal view. It's like having a full map of your pet's internal structure, offering previously unattainable clarity.

In veterinary medicine, CT scans are particularly valuable for intricate cases, such as identifying deep-seated ear infections in cats or planning surgical interventions for abdominal masses. This tool enhances the accuracy of diagnoses and guides us, as veterinarians, in developing more effective treatment plans.

What Pet CT Scans Can Reveal

Their ability to provide detailed, cross-sectional images makes them ideal for examining various parts of a pet's body:

Cranial Structures

We find CT scans particularly invaluable for examining pet skulls, especially in cases of chronic respiratory or ear issues in cats. The level of detail allows us to see deep into the middle ear and beyond, identifying issues like lesions, polyps, or infections.

They are also increasingly being used in oncology for tumor detection and staging, helping to map out the most effective treatment protocols.

Abdominal Views

Abdominal issues are another area where CT scans shine. They are instrumental in evaluating masses or abnormalities within the abdomen, helping us with precise surgical planning. This advanced imaging allows veterinarians to be well-prepared before undertaking complex surgeries, increasing the likelihood of successful outcomes.

Bones

CT scans are helpful in orthopedic assessments, particularly for pets with joint or bone disorders. They provide clear images of bone structures, aiding in diagnosing conditions like hip dysplasia or fractures. As in the abdominal views, the level of detail offered by CT scans helps in planning orthopedic surgeries or treatments as well.

Emergency

In cases of trauma or accidents, CT scans rapidly assess internal injuries, leading to more immediate and effective treatment plans.

The CT Scan Procedure for Pets Explained

We will be with your pet every step of the way during their evaluation. Leading up to your pet’s scan, typically, you'll need to withhold food from your pet for 12 hours, water is fine. An empty gut is preferable for abdominal scans, and in some cases, an enema may be necessary.

During a CT scan, pets undergo full anesthesia for a smooth, stress-free experience. The scan itself varies from five to 20 minutes, depending on the area being examined. Post-scan, pets are usually a bit drowsy but generally return home the same day without lasting effects. This non-invasive procedure allows for a quick recovery to normal activities!

Expert Analysis

When it comes to interpreting the results of a CT scan, veterinary radiologists play a big role. These board-certified specialists, trained extensively in reading and understanding complex imaging results, can be the unsung heroes behind accurate diagnoses.

After a CT scan is performed, the collected data, comprising thousands of detailed cross-sectional images, can be sent to a veterinary radiologist. These experts analyze each image, looking for anomalies that might indicate underlying health issues. Our in-house veterinarians can assess and plan immediate action for simpler scans, like dental evaluations.

The Costs

Understanding the financial aspect of veterinary CT scans is important for pet owners. The cost can vary widely based on factors like clinic location, the complexity of the scan, and the specific veterinary facility. It's common for these scans to be a big investment, so it's best to be prepared!

Given the potential for variation in pricing, getting an estimate from your veterinarian is really important. This estimate should detail all associated costs, including the scan, anesthesia, and any additional tests or follow-up care that might be needed. By asking for an estimate, you can make informed decisions about your pet's health care while managing your budget effectively. Always feel empowered to discuss financial concerns with your veterinarian; they understand the importance of transparency and can often provide options or alternatives to suit different budgetary needs.

Embracing Advanced Diagnostics with Veterinary CT Scans

For pet parents, understanding the value and capabilities of CT scans can be incredibly empowering. It means being better informed about your pet's health and more involved in their care. They allow us to detect issues early, plan surgeries with confidence, and tailor treatments to each pet's unique needs. This improves the quality of care we provide and enhances the bond of trust between veterinarians, pets, and owners.

In the ever-evolving world of veterinary medicine, CT scans represent a significant stride forward. They remind us that at the heart of every technological advancement is a commitment to improving the lives of our pets.

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 .

Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

Parvovirus in Puppies: Knowing the Basics

Fri, 01 Mar 2024 01:24:00 GMT

As veterinarians, we witness the heartwarming bond between puppies and their families every day. Yet, lurking beneath the playful nips and joyful tail wags, a serious threat often overshadows these early days: parvovirus .

This highly contagious and potentially deadly illness can devastate unvaccinated puppies, especially younger ones. That’s why we’re passionate about equipping puppy owners with critical knowledge about parvovirus that can empower them to prevent illness and act swiftly should symptoms arise. In this blog post, we’re sharing the basics about parvovirus in puppies to help you protect and care for your new canine companion. Keep reading to learn more, and if your pup is sick, we encourage you to seek professional veterinary care right away to ensure the best possible prognosis.

What Is Parvovirus?

Canine parvovirus is an extremely contagious and sometimes fatal viral disease that attacks the gastrointestinal tract of dogs, primarily puppies under six months old. It’s caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), a resilient virus that can survive on surfaces in the environment for weeks or even months, making it particularly difficult to control. It is especially active in the spring and summer but can infect pets year-round.

Parvo, as it is commonly called, spreads through contact with infected feces, contaminated objects, or even the hands and clothing of people who have been in contact with an infected dog. Once inside a dog’s body, the virus attacks the rapidly dividing cells in the intestinal lining, disrupting their ability to absorb nutrients and fluids.

While parvovirus is a scary disease, it’s important to remember that it is preventable with vaccination. Responsible dog ownership practices, such as avoiding high-risk areas and practicing good hygiene, can also help reduce exposure risk.

Most At-Risk Puppies

The youngest and most vulnerable puppies are at the highest risk of contracting parvovirus. Unvaccinated puppies under six months, particularly those under three months, are prime targets. Maternal antibodies begin to wane around six weeks, leaving pups susceptible until their own immune systems have time to develop. Additional factors like immunosuppression and co-infections can also increase risk.

Recognizing the Warning Signs

Early detection is crucial in the fight against parvovirus. As a pet parent, it’s important to familiarize yourself with the classic symptoms.

The symptoms of canine parvovirus in puppies include:

Severe, projectile vomiting: Often containing blood or bile, occurring frequently and forcefully.
Foul-smelling, bloody diarrhea: May appear watery or mucoid, often with a distinct offensive odor.
Extreme lethargy: A marked lack of energy, appearing weak and disinterested in usual activities.
Loss of appetite: Refusal to eat or eat very little, even tempting treats.
Fever: Elevated body temperature, often accompanied by shivering or discomfort.
Abdominal pain: Whining or yelping when touched near the belly, indicating discomfort.
Dehydration: Dry gums, sunken eyes, and lethargy can all point to dehydration.

Remember, parvovirus strikes quickly. Any combination of these symptoms, especially in young, unvaccinated pups, warrants immediate veterinary attention. The longer you wait to contact a veterinarian, the lower the chances of successful treatment. Parvovirus is a devastating disease, but the earlier your veterinarian begins supportive care, the better your pet’s chance of recovering.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Prompt diagnosis is key to providing the best possible care. Since young puppies are relatively delicate — especially before they’ve received all of their vaccines — we recommend seeking veterinary care if you have any reason to think your furry friend may be feeling under the weather. It’s best to err on the side of caution when it comes to something as precious as your companion’s life!

If parvo is suspected, your veterinarian will likely perform a physical exam, fecal test, and possibly a rapid diagnostic test to confirm the presence of the virus. There is no cure for parvovirus, but veterinarians provide supportive care to help patients recover. target="_blank"Sanitizing and disinfecting the environment is important after diagnosis!

Treatment for parvovirus focuses on supportive care, including:

Hydration: Rehydrating through intravenous fluids and electrolytes to combat dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
Vomiting control: Antiemetics to manage nausea and vomiting, reducing further fluid loss and discomfort.
Pain relief: Medication to alleviate abdominal pain and improve comfort.
Antibiotics: Sometimes used to combat secondary bacterial infections, and in severe cases, antiviral medications might be considered.

Prognosis and Recovery

Parvovirus is a formidable foe, but with early intervention and aggressive supportive care, the odds of survival are significantly higher. However, the road to recovery can be long and arduous, with complications like intestinal damage and secondary infections still posing a threat. Studies show that up to 90% of puppies can overcome parvovirus with proper treatment . However, roughly 90% of untreated dogs do not survive. This emphasizes the importance of seeking immediate veterinary care if your puppy shows any symptoms of this devastating illness.

Prevention: The Best Offense

The best defense against parvovirus is a vigilant offense. Vaccination is the cornerstone of prevention . Starting at 6 to 8 weeks old, puppies should receive a series of parvovirus vaccinations, with boosters at regular intervals to maintain immunity. Responsible dog ownership also plays a crucial role in protecting your pet.

Other ways to protect your pet from parvo include:

Schedule regular vet checkups: Ensure timely vaccinations and receive expert guidance on preventing parvovirus and other diseases.
Minimize high-risk areas: Avoid dog parks and areas with unknown vaccination histories until your puppy is fully vaccinated.
Practice good hygiene: Regularly clean and disinfect puppy toys, bowls, and bedding to reduce the risk of virus exposure.

Conclusion

Parvovirus may be a formidable opponent, but with awareness, prompt action, and preventive measures like vaccination, puppy owners can confidently navigate this potentially devastating disease. Remember, knowledge is power. Seek guidance from your veterinarian, prioritize vaccinations, and remain vigilant for any early warning signs. Together, we can ensure that puppyhood is filled with joy, not fear.

If you have questions and you'd like to reach out to us, you can call us directly at (859) 625-5678 . Don't forget to follow us on social media Facebook , Instagram .

Feline Diabetes: A Veterinarian's Insights for Optimal Cat Health and Wellness

Fri, 02 Feb 2024 20:57:00 GMT

Welcome to our in-depth exploration of feline diabetes , a condition that, as a practicing veterinarian, I encounter with increasing frequency in my feline patients. This blog is dedicated to unraveling the complexities of this disease, aiming to provide cat owners with a thorough understanding and practical guidance on managing it. Feline diabetes, much like its human counterpart, is a significant health concern that can profoundly impact a cat’s life. However, with early detection, proper management, and a collaborative approach between pet owners and veterinary professionals, cats with diabetes can lead fulfilling lives.

Whether you’re a long-time cat owner, have recently adopted a feline friend, or are simply looking to broaden your knowledge, this guide will arm you with valuable information and insights to better care for cats with this condition. So, let's embark on this journey together to ensure our feline companions receive the best care possible for a healthy and happy life.

Understanding Feline Diabetes: What It Is and Its Impact on Your Cat

Feline diabetes is a condition that every cat owner should be aware of, especially given its increasing prevalence. As a veterinarian, I find it crucial to explain this condition in a way that demystifies it for pet parents. This is why I explain feline diabetes mellitus as a chronic condition marked by the body's inability to regulate blood sugar levels properly.

In a healthy cat, the pancreas produces insulin, a hormone that helps regulate the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Glucose is a vital energy source for your cat’s body cells. When a cat has diabetes, the pancreas either doesn't produce enough insulin or the body cannot use the insulin effectively. This leads to an accumulation of glucose in the blood, a condition known as hyperglycemia.

How Diabetes Affects Your Cat

The impact of uncontrolled diabetes on a cat can be significant and multi-faceted:

Increased Thirst and Urination: One of the first signs cat owners may notice is an increase in both thirst and urination. Trying to rid itself of excess glucose, the body prompts the kidneys to filter more blood, leading to more urine. This, in turn, leads to dehydration and increased thirst.
Weight Loss: Despite having a good appetite, diabetic cats often lose weight. This is because their bodies, unable to use glucose without insulin, begin to break down fat and muscle for energy.
Lethargy: Elevated blood sugar levels can make your cat feel sluggish and tired. They may not play as much and can seem generally uninterested in activities they once enjoyed.
Poor Coat Condition: You might also notice that your cat’s coat loses its luster, becoming dull and unkempt as grooming habits diminish.

Causes and Genetic Predispositions

While the exact cause of feline diabetes is not always clear, several factors can increase the risk:

Obesity: Overweight cats are at a higher risk.
Age: Older cats are more commonly affected.
Gender : Male cats are more prone to diabetes.
Genetic predisposition: Certain breeds, like Burmese cats, have a higher incidence of diabetes.

Diagnosing Diabetes

As a veterinarian, I consider the diagnosis of feline diabetes a critical step in setting the course for effective management and treatment . Understanding how this condition is diagnosed can help cat owners be more prepared and proactive in seeking veterinary care. The process involves a combination of clinical signs, blood tests, and urine analysis, aiming to build a comprehensive picture of the cat's health status.

The sooner it's identified, the quicker and more effectively it can be managed, preventing complications such as diabetic neuropathy or ketoacidosis, which are serious and potentially life-threatening.

Identifying the Signs

Diagnosis often begins with a thorough evaluation of clinical symptoms such as those listed above. You may be asked about changes in your cat’s behavior or habits, such as increased thirst, more frequent urination, unexplained weight loss despite normal or increased appetite, and lethargy. These signs can raise suspicion of diabetes, prompting further investigation.

Testing

Blood tests play a pivotal role in diagnosing feline diabetes. We typically conduct a Complete Blood Count (CBC) and a blood chemistry panel, including:

Blood Glucose Levels: Persistent high levels of glucose in the blood are a key indicator of diabetes.
Fructosamine Test: This test provides an average blood glucose level over the past two to three weeks, helping distinguish between temporary stress-induced hyperglycemia and diabetes.
Urine Analysis: Examining a urine sample is crucial in addition to blood tests. Cats with diabetes often have glucose present in their urine. We also look for ketones, which can indicate more severe diabetes and the need for immediate treatment.

Treatment Options for Feline Diabetes: Diet, Exercise, and Beyond

I've seen firsthand how a comprehensive treatment plan can significantly improve the quality of life for cats with diabetes. Treating feline diabetes effectively requires medical intervention, dietary management, and lifestyle modifications, so listen to your veterinarian and create a plan of action for your feline friend.

Medical Management

Insulin Therapy: The foundation of treating feline diabetes in most cases is insulin therapy. Many diabetic cats require insulin injections, which cat owners can learn to administer at home. The type and dosage of insulin are tailored to each cat’s needs and regularly adjusted based on blood glucose monitoring results.
Regular Blood Glucose Monitoring : Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential to manage diabetes effectively. This can be done at home with a portable glucometer or at a veterinary clinic. Regular monitoring helps adjust insulin doses and detect any fluctuations in blood sugar levels.

Dietary Management

Specialized Diets: Diet plays a crucial role in managing feline diabetes. A high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet helps in regulating blood sugar levels. These diets mimic the natural eating patterns of cats and can reduce the amount of insulin needed.
Consistency in Feeding: Consistent feeding schedules and portion control are vital. Feeding your cat at the same times each day and in consistent amounts helps maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Transitioning Diets: If a dietary change is necessary, it should be done gradually to avoid gastrointestinal upset. Work closely with your veterinarian to select the best diet for your diabetic cat.

The Role of Exercise

Regular, moderate exercise can help in controlling weight and improving insulin sensitivity. However, it’s important to ensure that exercise is safe and appropriate for your cat’s condition and age. Encouraging play and activity can be as simple as engaging in interactive play sessions with toys or creating an environment that encourages movement, such as cat trees or perches.

Additional Management Strategies

Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Ongoing veterinary care is crucial for monitoring the overall health of a diabetic cat. This includes regular check-ups and blood tests to assess the effectiveness of the treatment plan.
Managing Concurrent Illnesses: Diabetic cats are more prone to other health issues like urinary tract infections. It’s important to address these promptly as they can affect diabetes management.
Weight Management: Maintaining an ideal body weight is essential. Overweight cats may need a carefully controlled diet to lose weight safely.

Support Increases Success

A diabetes diagnosis in your furry friend is not the end of the road but the beginning of a new chapter in care and companionship. With the right treatment plan, a well-managed diet, regular exercise, and your loving support, your feline friend can continue to enjoy a fulfilling, happy life.

As you embark on this journey with your cat, know that your veterinary team is here to support you every step of the way. From answering your questions to adjusting treatment plans, we aim to provide you and your cat with care and support. Living with a diabetic cat may seem daunting at first, but with patience, understanding, and a bit of routine, it quickly becomes a manageable part of daily life.

No Off-Season: Why Flea and Tick Prevention Matters All Year Long

Mon, 08 Jan 2024 18:18:00 GMT

Fleas and ticks may be tiny, but they can cause big problems for our furry friends. As responsible owners, it's crucial to prioritize flea and tick prevention to keep our pets happy, healthy, and itch-free.

But, too many pet owners make one grave mistake when it comes to dealing with fleas and ticks: ignoring year-round prevention. It's easy to be vigilant and stay on top of treatments when the risks for fleas and ticks are highest in warmer months, but pet owners can be lulled into a false sense of security when the temperature starts to drop.

In this blog, we'll dive into the reality of flea resilience in winter, identify high-risk areas, and provide recommendations for the most effective year-round flea and tick prevention tools.

Can My Pet Get Fleas in the Winter?

Let's start off by addressing the question on everyone's mind: "Can my pet get fleas in the winter?" Yes, your pet can get fleas even in the winter! While the risk for flea and tick exposure is typically lower in the winter months, it's 100% possible for your pet to get fleas any time of year.

These parasites need prolonged cold periods to either die off or enter dormancy. Fleas are resilient pests, capable of enduring temperatures as low as 46 degrees. Yet, eradicating an adult flea requires a sustained period of at least five days with temperatures consistently below freezing. In the range between temperatures below 46 degrees and 33 degrees, the survival rate fluctuates between 10 and 20 days. However, these pests have been shown to have great resilience despite cold temperatures. In fact, a study conducted by Wright State University revealed that ticks were found alive and active under six inches of snow during winter.

Warmer Winters & Their Effects on Fleas and Ticks

Across the globe, numerous regions have experienced unusually mild winters. While this may be enjoyable for us humans, it creates an ideal environment for fleas and ticks to thrive. In short, warmer weather means that there is potential for ticks to emerge earlier in expected seasons and stick around longer. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, "studies provide evidence that climate change has contributed to the expanded range of ticks… "

This is not only due to those warmer winters we mentioned – as well as longer and hotter springs and summers – but also because of changes in habitats to common flea and tick hosts. Fleas and ticks depend on host carriers for both food and transportation and as common hosts like mice and deer adapt to changing climates, there is potential for tick populations to grow in certain areas.

The Relationship Between Climate & High-Risk Areas

Fleas and ticks generally prefer warm and humid environments. These conditions are conducive to their development and survival. In areas with high temperatures and humidity, such as tropical and subtropical regions, the risk of flea and tick infestations tends to be higher. However, as climates fluctuate in multiple regions, it's crucial for pet owners to stay vigilant and stay on top of their

States along the West Coast and the southern border, such as California, Texas, and Florida, grapple with year-round flea seasons due to their warm climates and lack of prolonged cold spells. Central and northern states like Colorado, Minnesota, and Ohio typically enjoy a respite during the winter months when conditions become cooler and drier, but as conditions continue to change and warming trends continue , this may not be the case forever. Understanding the relationship between climate and the prevalence of these parasites is essential for implementing effective prevention and control measures in different regions.

Top Options for Year-Round Flea and Tick Prevention

Given their resilience, we strongly advocate for year-round flea and tick prevention. The primary purpose of prevention is to shield your pet from various diseases transmitted by these pesky external parasites. Fleas are notorious not just for causing skin irritation and allergies but also for carrying diseases that can affect your pet's red blood cells. Ticks, which come in several varieties, are carriers of different illnesses, such as Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever , all of which can have a detrimental impact on your pet's health.

The market offers a variety of products for flea and tick prevention. However, over time, we have observed a noticeable decline in the effectiveness of many over-the-counter options. As a result, we recommend working with your vet to gain access to prescription products that continue to demonstrate superior efficacy.

The Perfect Partnership for Optimal Prevention

Year-round flea and tick prevention is a battle you won't want to face alone. Working closely with your veterinarian to create the most effective year-round flea and tick prevention plan is your best bet for ensuring your pet's health, safety, and comfort.

Not only can your vet recommend the best products to fight off fleas and ticks in your area, but they can also monitor the effectiveness of the chosen prevention program and make adjustments based on changes in the pet's health, environmental conditions, or the emergence of new threats. Regular check-ups also provide an opportunity for you and your vet to assess the ongoing efficacy of the preventive measures and make any changes if needed.

This blog was first seen on Deer Park Veterinary Hospital .

Gastric Bloat And GVD In Dogs

Fri, 05 Jan 2024 20:16:00 GMT

Bloat is a condition most commonly seen in dogs. It is a life-threatening emergency that can lead to the stomach twisting (also known as gastric dilation and volvulus or GVD for short). As pet owners, understanding this condition's signs, causes, and preventive measures is vital for keeping our beloved canines safe and healthy. In this post, we'll delve into the intricacies of bloat and GDV, exploring everything from early symptoms to emergency response and long-term prevention strategies. Whether you're a new dog owner or a seasoned pet parent, this information is crucial for ensuring the wellbeing of your four-legged companion. So, let's dive in and arm ourselves with knowledge to protect our loyal and loving dogs from this serious health threat.

How Does Dog Bloat Or GVD Happen?

Bloat usually occurs after eating or drinking . There is no evidence that certain foods or ingredients cause bloat. Bloat occurs when the stomach becomes dilated with food or air and stretches to be much larger than normal. When this happens, the stomach tends to turn, which leads to it twisting. When the stomach twists, it cuts off the blood supply to the stomach and prohibits food and gas from leaving the stomach. Since the stomach and spleen are next to each other, when the stomach twists, the spleen often twists with it, causing its blood supply to be cut off as well. This condition is extremely painful. If immediate intervention isn't performed to correct the problem, the dog will die.

What Symptoms Should I Watch For With Dog Bloat?

Clinical signs of bloat include your dog’s abdomen looking distended and hard, pacing or restlessness, attempting to vomit multiple times with little or no success, anxiety, and guarding the stomach (usually presents as having a roached back). Although other conditions can cause these clinical signs, it's best to air on the side of caution and seek medical attention from your veterinarian immediately.

How Is Gastric Bloat In Dogs Treated?

Bloat in dogs is usually diagnosed with X-rays . One of three scenarios will be found. The patient will either have a straight bloat, which is where only the stomach is dilated. The patient will have a GDV, or the patient has something else going on with them. With straight bloat and no twist, the patient will be stabilized (usually with IV fluids and supportive care) and then placed under general anesthesia, where a stomach tube will be passed to relieve the pressure in the stomach.

More commonly, when a dog is bloated, the stomach is twisted (GDV). To correct this condition, emergency surgery is needed. The patient will be stabilized with IV fluids and supportive care, and a stomach tube will be passed to relieve pressure in the stomach and help with pain control. Often, heart arrhythmias also need to be corrected with this condition. The patient is then taken to surgery, which can also result in death. The stomach is untwisted, and the spleen is usually removed because it is also twisted. If there is any dead tissue in the stomach, it needs to be surgically removed. A gastropexy procedure, where the stomach is surgically attached to the abdominal wall to prevent the recurrence of a GDV is also done before closing up the abdomen.

During the surgery, if any part of the stomach needs to be removed, studies have shown that the mortality rate post-surgical is 28-38%. If the spleen needs to be removed, the mortality rate jumps to 32-38%.

Which Dogs Are At Risk For Bloating?

Dogs over 100 pounds are 20% more likely to bloat than dogs under 100 pounds. Dogs that are considered deep-chested, such as Great Danes, Irish Wolfhounds, Standard Poodles, German Shepherds, etc. are more prone to bloating and GDV, but it can happen in any breed.

There are some pre-disposing factors besides breed that can lead to bloat and GDV. These factors include increased age, a known family member having a history of bloat and or GDV, eating rapidly, and eating from raised bowls.

What Can I Do To Prevent My Dog From Getting Bloat Or GVD?

Steps can be taken to prevent GDV. Factors that may decrease the risk of bloating are feeding more than two meals per day, having an easygoing temperament, and feeding dry food with calcium-rich meat in the first four ingredients.

A prophylactic gastropexy (mentioned above) can be done. This is typically done at the time of spaying or neutering. A dog can still bloat with this procedure, but it will not cause the dog's stomach and volvulus to twist. The stomach can still become distended with gas and food with this procedure and cause discomfort, but it will not progress beyond that point with a gastropexy. A gastropexy is not a guarantee that a GDV won't happen, but the chance of it happening is less than 10% with a gastropexy.

If you have a deep-chested dog, you may want to consider having a prophylactic gastropexy done. If you're not sure if your dog is at risk for bloating, discuss it with your veterinarian. Regardless, if you are ever concerned that your dog may be bloated, seek medical attention immediately. It could save your dog's life.

Help! My Dog is a Picky Eater! How to Know if Your Pet is Getting the Right Nutrients

Fri, 11 Aug 2023 19:30:00 GMT

Dog owners naturally want what’s best for their canine companions, with their dog’s physical health and well-being at the top of their priority list. A dog’s health is centered around the nutrients they receive every day and whether those nutrients are enough to sustain their health based on their age, activity level, and any medical issues. Pet owners often question if they’re feeding their dogs the right type of food and if they’re eating too much—especially since dogs tend to eat very quickly and beg for human food. Let’s dispel the myths surrounding dog nutrition so you can rest assured that your canine is happy and healthy.

Dog Nutritional Requirements

Dog nutrition can be confusing, with so many food options available and each one claiming to have different benefits. When selecting food for your dog, select a reputable brand that clearly states they have a veterinarian on staff who is ensuring the food is safe, nutritious, and packs all the key ingredients your dog needs to thrive.

When it comes to specific nutrients a dog needs, look for foods that contain a combination of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. Proper hydration is also a critical nutritional requirement.

Serving Sizes

Most dog foods have a recommended serving size on the packaging, whether wet or dry. These guidelines should be followed closely for a healthy dog of average weight. However, there are always exceptions, such as a dog that’s overweight or has a specific medical condition. Consult with your veterinarian if either of those scenarios applies to your dog to ensure they receive the proper serving size at each feeding. Purina provides a dog feeding chart to help you gauge serving sizes for healthy, active dogs.

Changing Nutritional Requirements

Just like humans, dogs have different nutritional needs based on their age. It’s important that a dog owner is feeding their dog food that is specific to their stage of life, as the nutritional value and calorie needs change as they grow from a puppy to an adult dog and eventually a senior. Just as human babies require multiple feedings daily to keep up with their quick growth, puppies do as well. Puppies require frequent feedings and food with high caloric intake since they’re very active and burn calories rapidly through quick growth and activity. As puppies transition into adult dogs at one year of age, they should be switched to adult dog food. Eventually, your veterinarian will recommend a switch to senior dog food, especially if there are weight concerns. Let your veterinarian be your guide when it comes to food transitions through the years, as they’ll take into consideration not only your dog’s age but their overall health, weight, and vitality.

When switching dog food, regardless of age, transition them slowly to avoid any gastrointestinal upset and to monitor for any unknown food intolerances. The transition process should take one to two weeks every time you switch food. Also, feed your dog on a schedule, as consistency is key to both their nutrition and routine. Toy and small breeds should be fed three to four times a day to help keep their blood sugar up, while larger breeds should be fed twice daily.

Signs of Poor Dog Nutrition

The most telling sign of poor dog nutrition is their weight. Dogs are highly susceptible to obesity if fed too much, so it’s important that a dog owner doesn’t overlook any weight gain. Check their weight on a regular basis and consult with your veterinarian if you notice some extra pounds. It’s far easier to help your dog shed a few pounds than to lose a considerable amount of weight because they’ve become obese. Your veterinarian will use something called a body condition scale, which looks at your dog’s waist and ribs to see what their ideal weight is, and if they’re close to that weight. They’ll also suggest annual blood work to make sure your dog’s organ function looks good.

Additional signs and symptoms of poor dog nutrition include:

Dull, brittle coat
Dry, flaky skin
Reduced immunity
Diarrhea or constipation
Pancreatitis

The American Kennel Club provides further detail about medical conditions resulting from poor dog nutrition.

Prescription Diets

Certain medical conditions in dogs might require a prescription diet. Also, an overweight dog might need a prescription diet to help them lose weight more efficiently before damage is done to any organs. An overweight dog, on average, has a decreased lifespan of two years compared to their healthy counterparts. They also tend to have joint issues as a result of the extra pounds.

Food Allergies

True food allergies in dogs are actually quite uncommon. Dogs are more likely to have a food sensitivity or intolerance resulting in skin conditions, vomiting, or diarrhea. If food sensitivity is suspected, work with your veterinarian to discover the ingredient causing the reaction. This is most often done through an elimination diet, where specific ingredients are eliminated from the diet over time until the offending ingredient is discovered.

You can learn more about dog nutrition from the ASPCA . Contact us today to schedule an appointment to review your dog's diet.

The 5 Grooming Things You Should Check On Your Cat Every Month

Sun, 25 Jun 2023 08:47:00 GMT

Cats are well known for their fastidious grooming habits. However, even the most meticulous feline needs some grooming assistance from their owner from time to time. Cats rarely visit professional groomers, so keeping up with grooming at home is vital.

As veterinarians, we believe it’s important for cat owners to be aware of the grooming needs of their furry friends to keep them healthy and happy. In this blog post, we’re sharing the five grooming things you should check on your cat every month to ensure they are in the best possible condition. If you ever have any concerns about your cat’s health or grooming needs, we encourage you to contact your veterinarian right away.

1. Head

Ears: How can you tell if there’s something wrong with your cat’s ears? The first thing you’ll want to look out for is odor. If your cat’s ears smell unpleasant, they may have an infection. Check their ears for excessive wax buildup, too. This could indicate ear mites, especially if your feline friend goes outside.

Mites cause several symptoms, including:

Itching
Head shaking
Crusty, dark brown-to-black discharge

Eyes: The eyes are windows to your cat’s health, so keep an eye (pun intended) out for anything unusual. Check for discharge and changes to the color or appearance of the eye. Never put anything in your cat’s eyes without consulting a veterinarian. Call your cat’s veterinarian if you notice any changes.
Nose: Check for obstructions or discharge. Your cat’s nose doesn’t have to be wet, but it shouldn’t be dry or cracked. If your feline friend has a runny nose, see your vet.
Mouth: A healthy mouth should have normal coloration—not red or pale. Check for missing teeth and signs of tooth decay, tartar buildup, tooth damage, bleeding gums, etc. Make sure there isn’t anything stuck in your cat’s mouth, and pay attention to how their breath smells. Foul-smelling breath is a common sign of dental disease.

2. Fur

Cats constantly groom themselves, but that doesn’t mean they can fully care for their fur. If you’re noticing bald spots on your cat or if they’ve stopped grooming themselves, there could be a medical problem. Allergies, external parasites, thyroid problems, and many issues can affect a cat’s fur, so seek veterinary care if you notice changes.

Long-haired cats are prone to painful mats, particularly around their ears, by their tail, under their “arms,” and on their belly. Check for mats while grooming, and gently remove them by brushing or contact a professional cat groomer for assistance. Never use scissors to remove a mat on a cat. Their skin is so elastic that we often see cats for cuts caused by scissors. Clippers are a much safer option, but an untrained person may still unintentionally cut a cat’s skin.

3. Skin and Body

Part your cat’s fur, and examine their skin. Does it appear smooth and healthy? There shouldn’t be any lumps, bumps, rashes, or discoloration. Remember, both female and male cats have nipples, so small bumps on your male cat’s belly may not be cause for concern. Keep an eye on skin pigmentation. If you notice any sudden changes, an underlying health problem could be to blame.

Check for signs of flea bites, which are most noticeable at the base of the tail and around the abdomen. Environmental allergies often cause redness, irritation, and redness. Food allergies can affect cats’ skin, too. However, food allergies are rare in cats, so talk to your veterinarian before changing their diet.

Observe your cat’s body condition. You may think chunky cates are cute, but excess weight is harmful. Your cat should have a lean, but not skinny, appearance. If they are under or overweight, talk to your vet. Also, seek medical attention if your pet experiences a rapid weight change.

4. Legs

Gently feel your cat’s legs, and work their joints if they let you. If you notice any areas that seem painful or you meet resistance, schedule an exam. If your feline friend seems painful, they could have arthritis or another painful problem. Cats are notorious for hiding pain, so err on the side of caution.

Hold your cat’s paw, and press the pad and top of each toe between your fingers. You should feel a joint bending and see their claw extend out. Check for damage. The claw should be free of cracks and have a sharp tip (unless you choose to keep their nails trimmed.) Because cats’ nails shed naturally when they use a scratching post or climb trees, nail trimming isn’t always necessary. However, regular trims can protect you, your furniture, and your curtains from damage.

Make sure your cat has access to a post or cardboard scratcher, so they can sharpen their claws and mark their territory. This helps keep the nails at an appropriate length. If your cat’s nail curls into the pad, contact a veterinarian. Geriatric cats who no longer use a scratching post will need regular nail trims.

5. Bottom

It’s not the most glamorous part of being a cat owner, but regularly checking your furry friend’s bottom is essential. Like dogs, cats have two anal glands located at 5 and 7 ‘clock on their anus. The glands typically empty themselves when your cat goes to the bathroom, and cats don’t need help expressing them. However, seek prompt veterinary care if you think your cat has infected or impacted anal glands. Anal gland issues are very painful, and infections can cause serious health problems.

If you have a long-haired cat, consider trimming their bottom. This prevents urine and feces from getting caught in their fur and causing discomfort.

Conclusion

Cats are expert groomers and spend nearly half of each day grooming themselves. They still need some help from their owners, too. As veterinarians, we recommend thoroughly grooming your feline friend monthly and checking for potential problems. In addition to maintaining your cat’s health, regular grooming sessions strengthen the human-animal bond and make you feel closer to your purr-fect pet.

By checking your cat’s head, fur, skin, body, legs, and bottom monthly, you’re more likely to detect potential problems before they become serious. If you notice any changes or have concerns about your cat’s health, please contact us and schedule an appointment.

The 5 Grooming Things You Should Check on Your Dog Every Month

Sun, 25 Jun 2023 08:28:00 GMT

As veterinarians, we stress the importance of regular grooming for dogs. Not only does grooming help keep their coat looking healthy and clean, but it can prevent certain health issues. While most groomers check a dog's overall condition during their appointments, we recommend that pet parents check a few grooming things at home. We suggest starting at the top and working your way down, checking for signs of problems that may need attention.

Even if your dog doesn't appear to have any problems at a glance, it's always a good idea to stay vigilant and check for any signs of trouble. This article will discuss the five grooming things you should check on your dog monthly to ensure their health and well-being.

1. Head

Ears: Check your dog's ears to ensure they're clean and watch for signs of infection or inflammation. Look out for redness, swelling, discharge, head shaking, or a foul odor. If you notice any of these signs, it's important to take your dog to the veterinarian for treatment.
Eyes: Keeping an eye on your dog's eyes can help you catch any potential problems early. Check for redness, discharge, cloudiness, or any other signs of irritation. If your dog has long hair, ensure it doesn't go into their eyes or get matted at the corners of the eyes.
Additionally, look out for changes in your dog's vision, such as bumping into things or hesitating to go up or down stairs. If you notice any problems or changes, see a vet right away. Eye problems are always an emergency.
Nose: A dry nose doesn't always mean something is wrong , but if your dog's nose is dry, cracked, or has any discharge, it may indicate an underlying problem. It's also important to keep an eye out for any obstructions, unusual growths, or sores around their nose.
Mouth: Look for signs of plaque buildup, tooth damage, bad breath, and bleeding gums. Additionally, ensure there are no foreign objects lodged in their mouth or throat, which could cause choking or other problems. Seek veterinary care if you notice any problems or if the pigment inside your dog's mouth changes.

2. Fur/Hair

What's the difference between fur and hair? If your dog sheds and requires regular brushing, they have fur. If their coat grows and requires regular grooming, they have hair. Regardless of what type of fur they have, you should look at it every month to watch for signs of problems.

When assessing your dog's fur/hair, there are a few things you should look out for. Bald patches are one of the most obvious signs of an issue. If you notice your dog has a bald spot or an area where the hair is thinning, it's essential to investigate further. Bald patches could be a sign of a skin condition or allergies. Another thing to watch for is changes in color in areas where your dog licks frequently. This could be a sign of an underlying health issue, such as a yeast infection, hot spot, or skin irritation and is most noticeable on dogs with light-colored fur/hair.

Keep an eye out for fleas and ticks , too. These external parasites can cause itching and irritation and even lead to severe health problems. Regular at-home grooming and inspection will help you detect fleas and ticks early and prevent them from becoming a more serious issue.

If you have a long-haired dog, they may develop mats in their coat. Mats can be painful for dogs and cause skin irritation or infection. Regular brushing can help prevent mats from forming and keep your dog's coat looking healthy and shiny.

3. Skin and Body

When checking your dog's skin, watch out for any bumps, rashes, or discoloration that may indicate an underlying health issue. Pay particular attention to any flea bites, which are often found around the abdomen and base of the tail. Feel for unusual lumps or bumps on your dog's body. Remember that both female and male dogs have nipples, so don't mistake these for lumps.

It's also important to check your dog's feet for signs of allergies or other skin irritations. Allergies can cause redness, swelling, and itching in your dog's paws, leading to licking and chewing, often making the problem worse.

Assess your dog's body condition , as well. Looking at your dog from above, there should be an indentation at the waist, like an hourglass. And when looking at them from the side, the belly should have a slight tuck at the back legs. You should be able to feel your dog's ribs without seeing them, indicating that they are at a healthy weight. If you notice any changes in your dog's body condition, such as sudden weight loss or gain, take them to the veterinarian for a checkup.

4. Legs

Some breeds are prone to developing fatty tumors called lipomas , which can occur all over the body but tend to be more noticeable on the legs because there isn't as much skin and fat to hide them. Regularly checking your dog's legs will help you catch abnormalities early and seek treatment before they become more serious.

As pet parents, we are often immune to the sound of our dogs' nails on the floor, but this indicates that your dog's nails are too long. Some naturally active dogs wear down their nails, but owners often forget the dewclaws. Getting your dog used to having their feet and nails touched can make trimming their nails a lot easier. Touching and even playing with your dog's feet—even when they don't need a trim— can make a big difference in their comfort level during nail trims.

Look between your dog's toes and under their paw pads. Organic material, like dirt, grass, and even feces, can get caught in the creases, leading to skin irritation or infection. Regularly checking and cleaning these areas helps prevent any issues from developing.

5. Bottom

Checking your dog's bottom is important, even though it isn't the most pleasant part of grooming. If your canine companion has anal gland issues , you are likely familiar with the fish-like smell that accompanies them. Dogs have two anal glands located on either side of their anus, roughly at the 5 and 7 o'clock positions on their anus. Normally, these glands empty on their own when a dog goes to the bathroom, but sometimes, they become impacted and require manual expression. Groomers typically perform external expression, but if the glands are infected or impacted, the anal sacs may rupture. This is extremely painful for your dog and requires immediate veterinary care.

Dogs with long hair should also have their bottom area trimmed to prevent feces and urine from sticking to their fur, which can cause skin irritation and discomfort.

Conclusion

Regular grooming keeps your dog looking and feeling their best and helps you detect illness or injury before it becomes a more significant problem. Early detection is key to a positive outcome, so examining your dog during at-home grooming sessions benefits their overall health and well-being.

By checking your dog's ears, eyes, nose, mouth, fur, skin, body, legs, and bottom during grooming, you can detect issues early and seek veterinary care if necessary. In addition, grooming allows you to bond with your furry friend and can be a calming and relaxing activity for you both. By grooming your dog at home, you are investing in their overall health and happiness, which can lead to a more fulfilling and joyful life together. If you notice any problems while grooming your pet or they are due for a wellness exam, contact us to schedule an appointment.

Heartworm in Dogs: Why You Shouldn’t Wait Until There are Symptoms

Sun, 02 Apr 2023 08:04:00 GMT

Dog heartworm is a dreaded diagnosis that can mean extreme discomfort for your dog, but it’s also a disease that is highly preventable. Thanks to effective monthly preventatives , dogs are suffering from heartworm disease far less frequently and enjoying a high quality of life. However, no preventative measure is 100 percent effective; therefore, dog owners must know the signs and symptoms of heartworm so quick action can be taken when suspected.

Transmission of Dog Heartworm

It’s first important to understand how a dog contracts heartworm . Mosquitos are typically the cause, with mosquito larvae developing into a worm and transmitting 5 to 10 tiny worms into your dog’s skin when bitten. Those worms travel through your dog's body into the bloodstream and eventually become adult worms. That can grow up to 12 inches long and settle in the pulmonary arteries on the right side of the heart, causing heart and lung distress. Since mosquitoes are the primary cause of dog heartworm, owners should take precautions when taking their dog camping, hiking, or outside to play at dusk when mosquito activity is at its peak.

Signs of Dog Heartworm

Heartworm is a parasite, or “worm,” that lives in the heart. Unfortunately, dogs rarely exhibit symptoms during the early stages of heartworm disease. By the time a dog owner notices the signs, it's likely advanced and the dog is very uncomfortable. Heartworm disease severely impacts a dog’s health, compromising its heart , lungs, and circulation; therefore, annual screening and monthly preventatives are vital.

Early signs of dog heartworm disease include:

Difficulty breathing
Persistent dry or moist cough
Weight loss
Nose and/or mouth bleeding

Middle to late-stage symptoms of dog heartworm include:

Abnormal heart and lung sounds
Enlarged liver or heart
Panting at rest
Exercise intolerance
Fluid backup into the lungs and abdomen

A dog can go from mild to severe symptoms fairly quickly. As the heartworm progresses and grows, a slight cough may develop, followed by more moderate to severe symptoms. When a dog is brought in for an exam out of concern, veterinarians can often hear a heart murmur.

The Importance of Early Detection

Early detection is vital since heartworm can be fatal if unnoticed or ignored. As time passes and it remains untreated, the number of worms will continue to multiply. Early detection and diagnosis are essential to avoid more serious symptoms and severe complications that can lead to death. All dogs should be tested annually, but a dog should be examined immediately if heartworm disease is suspected. This graphic created by the FDA demonstrates the life cycle of heartworm in dogs.

Treating Dog Heartworm

Treating dog heartworm can be complicated, with determining the stage being the first priority. A veterinarian will conduct ELISA tests, which test for adult female worms. Once a positive result is returned, a veterinarian will look at the blood for baby worms, called microphilaria, circulating in the body. Those baby worms are what a mosquito picks up when it bites your dog, eventually transferring it to another dog. Those two positive indicators confirm heartworm, then treatment begins.

There are three phases to dog heartworm treatment:

A veterinarian will administer medication to prevent further infestation.
Doxycycline antibiotic begins to kill the bacteria the heartworm is living off. This is a critical step since worms need to be killed very slowly, as there are often many of them, and they're each approximately 12 inches long. They cannot be killed too quickly, or the dog may experience complications.
Eventually, a veterinarian will administer three injections of Immiticide or Melarsomine, into the back muscle.

Heartworm treatment can take months since it requires multiple injections a certain number of months apart. It is an investment of time and attention at home when the dog must avoid strenuous activity.

Heartworm Prevention

Dog heartworm is preventable with oral tablets or injectable medications that prevent the larvae from developing into adult heartworms. While no prevention is 100 percent effective, oral or injected preventatives exponentially decrease the likelihood of contracting heartworm.

Prevention begins as early as eight weeks old at a puppy’s first vaccine appointment . When mosquitoes bite a puppy or adult dog and deposit baby worms into their skin, they migrate over two months and get into the bloodstream. While they're still in the skin, they're susceptible to being destroyed by heartworm preventatives, which is why they are started so early in the puppy stage . The dog may get infected, but the parasite is destroyed before it does any damage.

The American Heartworm Society is a trusted resource for heartworm insight and information.

Heartworm in Cats: Why You Shouldn't Wait Until There Are Symptoms

Sun, 02 Apr 2023 07:53:00 GMT

Many pet owners associate heartworm with dogs, but it’s also a potentially devastating disease for cats, too. Cat owners must be aware of the signs and symptoms, as cat heartworm that has progressed to the adult stage becomes very difficult to treat and is often fatal. Prevention is the ultimate goal due to the severe nature of an infestation and to ensure the longevity of your cat.

What is heartworm in cats?

Cat heartworm is a blood-borne parasite that is far more common in dogs because cats are not natural hosts. For this reason, testing is less sensitive, and it’s assumed that heartworm is severely under-reported in cats.

Mosquito bites commonly transmit cat heartworm, much like dog heartworm. A mosquito takes blood from an infected animal and injects immature larvae when it “bites” your cat. The larvae migrate and mature over several months, eventually reaching the heart and pulmonary arteries. They mature into adult heartworms and reproduce approximately six months after the initial infection. By the time of maturation, heartworm disease can become fatal.

The severity of cat heartworm is contingent on the following:

The number of worms in the cat’s body
Duration of the incubation
Cat's response

The American Heartworm Society provides deeper insight into cat heartworm, including transmission, signs, and what to do if you suspect heartworm.

Importance of Cat Heartworm Prevention

Prevention is critical when it comes to cat heartworm, as considerable damage is done as the parasites migrate and create a tremendous immune response. As the worms infiltrate the cat’s lungs, a natural immune response often destroys them, but they cause severe inflammation resulting in an asthma-like reaction. The resulting lung damage is permanent, and the asthma-like symptoms will likely persist for the duration of the cat’s life. In addition, adult worms reaching 12 inches in length can clog up the vessels in and around the heart .

A single worm can be detrimental to a cat’s longevity since heartworm treatment does not exist for cats. The worms can only live a couple of years in a cat since it’s not a natural host, and once the worms die, the inflammatory reaction of decaying worms causes severe disease in the cat. This makes heartworm prevention essential, as an infestation will eventually reach adulthood and often prove fatal to the cat.

A pill-form heartworm preventative can prevent parasites, and there are also effective topical products. Cats tend to respond better to topicals since it can be difficult for pet owners to get their cats to swallow a pill. Talk to your veterinarian about the ideal preventative for your cat.

Signs of Cat Heartworm

If preventative measures aren’t taken or prove ineffective, heartworm in cats leads to the following clinical signs. Asthma-like symptoms are the hallmark sign, and as the infestation progresses, additional symptoms begin to present.

Symptoms of heartworm in cats include:

Coughing due to fluid in the lungs
Open-mouth breathing
Panting
Labored breathing
Vomiting
Convulsions
Lethargy
Weight loss

Your veterinarian will need to run several tests to confirm that heartworm is causing the symptoms.

Diagnostics to confirm heartworm in cats include:

Urinalysis
Heartworm antibody test to see if a cat's immune system has been exposed to heartworms
Heartworm antigen test to determine the presence of adult female heartworms
X-rays to view the size and shape of a cat's heart and enlarged pulmonary arteries
Ultrasound to view the internal structures of the heart and surrounding vessels and possibly see the worms in the heart
White blood cell count , specifically eosinophils, which occur in higher numbers when heartworm is present

The AVMA offers additional insight into heartworm disease. Contact your dedicated veterinarian if you would like to learn more about cat heartworm or suspect your cat has been infected.

How to Prevent Accidental Pet Poisoning

Fri, 10 Mar 2023 09:14:00 GMT

We are dedicated to educating pet owners about household items that are poisonous to pets, how to identify signs of poisoning, and what steps to take if your pet exhibits symptoms.

In 2022, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) experienced a 22 percent increase in calls over the prior year, assisting 401,550 animals across all 50 U.S. states. This jump in cases led to the APCC reaching the unfortunate milestone of 4 million cases of pet toxicity since its inception 45 years ago. In recognition of these startling stats let’s explore how pet owners can prevent their pets from becoming part of these statistics.

Poisonous Household Items

The first step in preventing your pet from inhaling or ingesting toxic products is to be aware of everyday household items that pose a threat. Following are the top toxins that accounted for 79 percent of accidental poisoning cases from 2021 to 2022.

Top household pet poisons include:

Human prescription medications, including antidepressants, cardiac, and ADHD medications. Over-the-counter and prescription medications can cause gastrointestinal upset and kidney failure in pets.
Food products, including protein bars and shakes, xylitol, garlic, onions, grapes, raisins, coffee beans, and chocolate. The APCC averages more than 103 cases of chocolate ingestion per day, which is more than one case every 15 minutes.
Indoor and outdoor plants, including Easter lily, tulips, mistletoe, holly, azalea, oleander, castor bean, sago palm, rhododendron, and Japanese yew.
Pest and lawn care products, including rodenticides, insecticides, and fertilizers.

Safety Steps to Avoid Accidental Pet Poisoning

Now that you know which household items are poisonous to your pets, take the necessary precautions to keep them out of reach.

Store human prescription medications in a latched medicine cabinet or locked storage container. Just because a bottle is child proof does not make it dog proof!
Gather all food products in your home that are toxic to pets and store them on the top shelf of your refrigerator, cabinet, or pantry, and keep your pantry or cabinet door closed at all times. Explain to children which foods to avoid feeding to pets.
Take a walk around your property and identify any of the plants listed above, and make a plan to remove anything toxic that you discover.
If you store household cleaning products under your kitchen sink, use a child safety latch to keep the cabinets secured.
Store lawn care chemicals in your garage, inside a secure tote or locked container.

Signs of Pet Poisoning

Pet poisoning symptoms vary depending on the substance ingested, the volume consumed, and whether it was inhaled or eaten.

The most common signs of pet toxicity include:

Diarrhea or blood in the stool that is bright red or dark and tarry
Vomiting or loss of appetite
Seizures or tremors
Lethargy or unsteadiness when standing or walking
Bruising or bleeding, especially on the gums, inside the ear flaps, and groin area
Nose bleeds or blood in the urine
Green or corn-like substances in the feces, which could indicate rodenticide ingestion

Emergency Steps if Poisoning is Suspected

Every pet owner should have the number for the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center handy, which is 888-426-4435. This toll-free number connects pet owners to a staff of veterinarians and licensed technicians 24 hours a day, seven days a week. In addition, they should also have the phone number of their closest emergency clinic readily accessible. It’s best to keep both numbers in your cell phone for immediate action.

If you suspect your pet has ingested a poisonous household item:

The American Kennel Club provides additional emergency resources for accidental pet poisoning.

Immediately call your veterinarian for guidance or the APCC at the number above if your veterinarian’s office is closed.
DO NOT try to induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by a professional.
Closely observe your pet so you can articulate their behavior to your veterinarian.
Communicate your pet’s symptoms, including when you first noticed them, where your pet has been for the past few hours, and whether they were inside or outdoors.
Collect any vomit, stool samples, food products, medication bottles, or anything else you think might be connected to the poisoning.
Get your pet and the above items to your veterinarian or the closest emergency clinic.

Spring is Here- Spring Toxins My Dog Needs to Avoid

Tue, 07 Mar 2023 12:51:00 GMT

Ahh do you smell that sweet scent in the air? Spring is here! With the warmer weather and seasonal blooms, there are many wonderful things that come with the season. However, there are also a variety of Spring toxins that can pose a risk for your precious canine . Here are the top Spring toxins, from plants to food to cleaning products, your dog needs to avoid.

I know some plants are toxic to cats but are they toxic to dogs?

Most cat owners know about the dreaded lily and how they are extremely toxic to cats. However, there are a number of plants that can spell danger for both cats and dogs. Here are a few of them:

Sago Palm

These ornamental outdoor plants are quite common in warmer climates. Unfortunately, they are extremely toxic to both cats and dogs. If ingested by a curious pet, the pet could suffer liver failure and even death if not treated immediately.

Tulips

A popular springtime flower, the toxins present in the tulip are concentrated in the bulb of the plant. This means that if your dog or cat comes into contact with the tulip bulb, they could be at risk of poisoning. Signs of toxicity include vomiting, diarrhea, excessive drooling, and depression.

Begonias

Begonias are a popular plant for gardens as they are easy to grow and have gorgeous blooms. But like the tulip, these plants house their toxins in the bulb or the stem of the plant. If ingested, this can cause serious burning and irritation of the mouth, throat, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing.

Hyacinths

Hyacinths contain alkaloids which are considered severely toxic to pets. Ingestion of this plant can cause vomiting, diarrhea, depression, and tremors in both dogs and cats.

Buttercups

With their stunning and vibrant hues, buttercups invoke the season of spring. But don’t go frolicking about in a field of buttercups with your pet as this plant is very toxic to them. Even a small nibble of the flower can cause vomiting, diarrhea, excessive drooling, and walking incoordination.

This is just a small sampling of some of the more common spring plants that tend to populate homes. ASPCA has a fantastic database listing the plants that are toxic and non-toxic to dogs, cats, and other animals and it can be found here .

How do I know if my lawn treatments are toxic to my dog?

As you start prep on your lawn to have it ready to enjoy for spring and summer, you should know that there are a number of lawn treatments that can pose a toxic risk for your pet. Blood meal is an organic fertilizer that is made from dried, ground and flash-frozen blood and contains 12% nitrogen. Blood meal can seem particularly attractive to pets as it smells like cow or fish. However, if ingested, your pet could experience symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea and severe pancreatitis, or inflammation of the pancreas.

Pesticides and insecticides are other lawn treatment products that can be a danger to your pets. While most of these products are basic irritants to pets if they come into contact with them, you should seek out your veterinarian if your pet displays signs of discomfort and their symptoms persist. Additionally, if your pet happens to ingest the product directly from the container or bag, then you should take them to the veterinarian immediately as this can become a life-threatening situation.

Plant fertilizers can contain disulfoton or other types of organophosphates, which a small amount could be fatal to a pet if ingested and should be kept away from pets at all times. Additionally, iron can be added to lawn fertilizers and could result in iron toxicity if your pet happens to ingest it.

When using lawn treatment products, it is imperative that you read the product labels, use the products as directed, and use the appropriate amounts. Pay attention to warning labels on lawn treatment products so you can determine which products would be the best and safest option to use around your home and pets.

Are there any spring cleaning products I need to worry about?

The short answer is YES. As a pet parent, you always need to be mindful of the products that you regularly use around your home, especially when it comes to cleaning products. Bleach is a popular cleaning product that is found in most homes. However, if you were to use straight bleach without diluting it, bleach can irritate the skin of your pets and be especially toxic if ingested, such as your pet licking their paws after they stepped on a surface cleaned with undiluted bleach. When diluted and used properly, bleach can be used as a cleaner throughout the home, so be sure to use bleach as directed on the label and keep pets away from items cleaned with bleach until the items are completely dried.

Other cleaning products can contain ingredients that are not only toxic to pets but can also be toxic to people. These are ingredients such as ammonia, chlorine, glycol ethers, formaldehyde, etc. and can be found in various cleaning products. It’s imperative that you check the labels of cleaning products as to avoid using products that can be especially harmful to your pets.

If you do choose to use cleaning products containing toxic ingredients, be sure to carefully read the labels, use the products properly, and carefully store products out of reach of pets when not in use.

What kinds of food are toxic to dogs?

As pet owners, we love treating our pets as part of the family. However, that doesn’t mean that we can treat our pets to the same food that us humans eat as some of them can be highly toxic to them. Here are some foods that your dogs should steer clear of:

Chocolate - All chocolate, especially dark and baking chocolate, is toxic to dogs.

Macadamia nuts - Just a handful of nuts can make your dog experience symptoms such as vomiting, muscle shakes, fever, and weakness in their back legs.

Grapes/Raisins - Even a small amount of grapes and raisins can cause kidney failure in dogs. Other signs of toxicity including constant vomiting, fatigue, and depression.

Xylitol - This artificial sweetener is commonly found in sugar-free foods such as candy, gum, baked goods and even toothpaste! Xylitol can be especially dangerous as it can cause a drop in blood sugar and lead to liver failure.

Onions and Garlic - All forms of onions and garlic (raw, cooked, powdered, dehydrated) are incredibly toxic to dogs and can cause anemia, weakness, vomiting, and breathing problems.

Coffee, Tea, and Caffeine - Caffeine can be fatal to dogs and thus all products containing caffeine should be kept away from your canine. This includes colas, energy drinks, and medications. If you believe your pet ingested caffeine, they should be taken to the veterinarian immediately.

Although there are lots of human foods that your dog should never eat, there are a couple of healthy human food options and some DIY treats you can make for Fido to enjoy. Raw veggies such as carrots, cucumbers, and lettuce make great treats for your pup while you can make some tasty frozen treats out of strawberries and peanut butter. Just be sure to feed your pet human treats in moderation as each pet is different and may have different dietary needs.

What are the signs of toxicity in dogs?

Signs of toxicity can range from vomiting to more serious symptoms such as seizures. Here are some of the most common signs that your dog may of gotten into something poisonous:

Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abnormal heart rate
Lower blood pressure
Breathing issues
Lethargy
Balance issues
Excessive drooling
Pale gums
In serious cases: liver failure, kidney failure, seizures

If your pet is displaying signs of toxicity, they should be seen by a veterinarian immediately. You can also contact ASPCA Animal Poison Control for any animal poison related emergency on their 24/7 hotline .

5 Tips & Tricks for Cleaning Your Dog's Ears at Home

Sat, 11 Feb 2023 06:01:00 GMT

While owning a dog means plenty of cuddles, playtime, and neighborhood walks, it also comes with immense responsibility. From staying up-to-date on vaccines and clipping nails to brushing teeth and grooming , they require regular care to ensure good health and happiness. Cleaning your dog’s ears is one task that falls under the not-so-fun category but should be high on your priority list to avoid infection or irritation.

Ear infections are common in certain long-eared breeds, such as Cocker Spaniels and Basset Hounds. Dog owners should never put anything in their dog’s ears if an infection is suspected and should get them to their veterinarian right away. To avoid painful ear infections, follow these tips and tricks to ensure your dog’s ears remain clean and healthy.

1. Understand Your Dog’s Ear Anatomy

A dog’s ear canal forms an “L” shape. It’s very long, with a 90-degree curve that is difficult to reach. A dog’s eardrum sits beyond this 90-degree curve, which means there is a relatively low risk of harming your dog while you’re attempting to clean its ears. Since most of your dog’s ear canal isn’t accessible, a gentle cleanser is needed to reach and clear the entire area. You should also know what a healthy dog's ear looks like—light pink with no apparent dirt or inflammation. The American Kennel Club provides insight on how to tell when your dog’s ears are ready for a cleaning.

2. Purchase an Ear Cleanser

A general-purpose ear cleanser is an essential part of a healthy ear-cleaning routine. These are specially designed for non-infected ears and help clean and remove debris from the ear canal. It can be used 1-3 times weekly with a cotton ball or gauze to gently wipe away excess wax and any visible debris. Dogs who do not suffer from chronic ear infections will not need their ears cleaned this often. It is ideal to check the ears at the time of a regular bath and remove any visible wax with a dry tissue or gauze. For dogs who swim regularly, more frequent cleanings will help prevent ear infections from forming.

3. Avoid Harsh Cleaners or Instruments

The number one way a dog’s ears are harmed during the cleaning process is by using irritants such as alcohol-based wipes or Q-Tips that can put too much pressure on the ear canal. Hydrogen peroxide is also not acceptable, as it can irritate healthy skin cells and sensitive tissue. Stick to gentle ear cleansers designed for pets, along with cotton balls or gauze.

4. Clean When Your Dog is Calm and Sleepy

An energized dog will not stay still and calm for an ear cleaning. Wait until just before bedtime to clean your dog’s ears, when they are relaxed and ready for a long night of sleep after a busy day. Give them gentle rubs while lying on their side to relax them even further.

To clean your dog’s ears once they’re relaxed:

Hold their ear open while on their side and fill the exposed ear canal with cleanser.
Fill their ear until you see the fluid, then gently pinch the ear closed to contain it.
Gently massage the base of the ear for at least 30 seconds. You should hear the fluid swishing around. This action will loosen up any debris that you cannot reach.
Release your pinch on the ear canal and allow your dog to shake just like they do when they’re wet, which will help to loosen debris further and bring it up higher in their ear canal.
Use gauze or tear a cotton ball in half and wrap the cotton around your finger, and gently wipe away any debris as far into the ear canal as you can comfortably reach—but no deeper than one knuckle. Use your pinky for the easiest access, and wipe all the crevices.

5. Have a Towel Handy

Large breed dogs have large ear canals that will hold a considerable volume of ear cleanser. You will get sprayed when they shake after you’ve massaged their ear, and the ear cleanser will likely end up all over your dog’s face . You can use the towel to block the spray from hitting you and gently wipe their face afterward.

If you see excessive amounts of wax, smell a foul odor, blood is present, or your dog appears to be in pain from the cleaning, schedule a veterinarian visit . Those are signs of infection. The ASPCA details additional signs of ear infection.

Everything You Never Wanted to Know About Scooting and Anal Glands

Wed, 08 Feb 2023 00:10:00 GMT

Anal Glands are gross, but every dog and cat has them.

Today, we’re going to get all up in your cat or dog’s business. I’m sorry, but it has to be done. Dogs and cats have scent glands, called anal glands, on either side of the anus, similar to skunks.

Here is a picture of where they’re located, at about 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock on a clock face (the red circles indicate approximate location):

The purpose of these glands is to produce a foul-smelling brown fishy-smelling discharge that gets squeezed out every time your dog or cat strains to poop. We think it's a marking mechanism, perhaps a way dogs and cats identify themselves to each other.

Each anal gland has a tiny little duct that empties it at the anal opening. These ducts can become obstructed, leaving the gland unable to empty itself, causing the pet discomfort. Your dog or cat may then plant her butt on the ground and "scoot" across the floor in an attempt to relieve the obstruction.

Any time the anal glands CAN'T empty themselves, is when you should call the vet (not the groomer!!!!).

If your dog (or cat!) is scooting and/or licking and/or scratching and/or suddenly turning around and looking at her butt all the time, to the vet she goes!

Your veterinarian can then slip on a rubber glove and express these glands internally.

Some dogs need to have this done monthly, some need it done never. Some groomers will do a "from the outside” version of emptying the anal glands as part of their routine grooming, but this is not an appropriate treatment for problem glands, only suitable for maintenance.

Anal Gland Impaction – nearly ruptured

If the glands stay impacted for a long time, they can become infected and abscess out the back end. This will present itself as a bump next to the anus where the anal glands are located. This indicates the dog’s abscessed anal gland is about to rupture, and you need to bring in your dog right away.

Anal Gland Abscess – Ruptured

When the abscess ruptures, there will be a hole next to the anus where the anal glands are located. You will notice draining and a foul odor that may or may not include blood. Immediately put a cone on your dog’s neck to prevent it from licking, and head to an emergency hospital for treatment. This is extremely painful for your pet and needs prompt attention.

Scooting doesn’t necessarily mean anal glands.

There are five primary reasons why dogs and cats chew or scratch at their hind ends.

Scooting Might Mean: Allergies !
There are two primary kinds of allergies that can cause an itchy butt: food allergies and atopy. Food allergies are actually very uncommon in patients, and if they do happen, it's usually to protein (not grain!).
Scooting Might Mean: Arthritis!
This one usually affects cats more than dogs since dogs with hip arthritis usually show more clear-cut signs of pain like slowness to rise, reluctance to exercise, or reluctance to exercise or jump. Cats with arthritis lick near the tail and sore hips or scoot.
Scooting Might Mean: Fleas !
Fleas are insects about the size of a small ant. After they suck your pet's blood, they poop out little black specks that look like black pepper. This blood-rich poop is what feeds the larvae of the developing fleas. Fleas like to live over your dog's butt and between their back legs. Why? I don't know, they just do.
Scooting Might Mean: Flea Allergies!
Scooting is worse in flea-allergic pets, if your pet is allergic to fleas, they will itch even more profoundly after a flea bite than a normal pet. That is why in multiple-pet households, even if all the animals have fleas, only one may be itchy.

If you have more questions or need to get your pet's anal glands expressed, schedule an appointment, we can help.

Jake Fights a Battle Against Lyme Disease

Wed, 11 Jan 2023 20:09:00 GMT

Updated 2/10/23- We are heartbroken to share that Jake lost his battle against Lyme Disease.

Jake's Story:

Jake a 7 year old Sharpei mix presented to our hospital for lethargy, anorexia and generalized stiffness. He had recently tested positive for lyme disease. We got to work right away giving him the appropriate antibiotic for lyme disease, treated his concurrent UTI, placed him on IV fluids to flush his kidneys. He was showing signs of improving but our staff could not get Jake to eat anything. We decided to send Jake home to see if he would eat for his owner. At home, Jake did not do well. He returned for a recheck and his kidneys had worsened and he was still not eating. We decided with his owner to readmit him to our hospital for around-the-clock care.

Back for 24/7 Care:

We immediately resumed IV fluid therapy, along with anti-nausea medications while continuing his antibiotics for his Lyme infection. Over the next several days Jake’s labs were overall unchanging, he still did not want to eat, and his body was retaining fluids causing severe swelling of his limbs and face. We also discovered during this time that he had developed high blood pressure secondary to his kidney disease and medication to correct this was started immediately.

Finally Making Progress!

After a few days we were finally starting to make some progress. We were able to get control of his hypertension, his nausea finally started to improve and he began to eat small amounts. This was a HUGE victory. In the following days he would only take warmed, hand-fed shredded chicken breast with the persistence of our team. Our technicians loved giving him the attention he needed to finally gain his appetite back and were happy to fix him his favorite shredded chicken whenever he wanted it.

Time to take his care to the next level...

His labs remained static, and because of his swelling we were unable to give him the IV fluid therapy his kidneys needed, and eventually had to stop them completely, fearing that his kidney values would soar. After about a week in the hospital this second time, his appetite and energy levels started to improve despite stopping his fluids.

Our veterinarians consulted with Veterinary Wellness Center in Lexington regarding hyperbaric oxygen treatments. It was determined that it would likely benefit him, so treatments were started that day. Our Hospital Administrator took it upon herself to drive Jake to his 3 appointments to get the treatments he needed. All our team wanted was to see Jake get better! Over the next 4 days Jake received 3 HBOT treatments and he responded beautifully! Jakes kidney values started improving, he was now eating well and his swelling was improving.

Jake goes home!!

After over 10 days in the hospital on his second visit, Jake was finally cleared to go home. Through this process he has stolen our hearts. Without the persistence and faith of his exceptional owner and the efforts of his veterinary team (doctors, nurses, specialists), we are most certain Jake would not have pulled through.

Lyme Disease is Preventable!

Lyme disease is preventable. The first step in prevention is reliable tick control. There is also a vaccine to help prevent Lyme.

Please consult your veterinarian or let us know if you need recommendations for safe, effective products. Your pet does not have to be infested to become ill. The bacterium can be transmitted by one small tick that you never find on your pet due to its small size.

When Jake first came. to our clinic he started out semi aggressive with everyone on our staff, and by the end of it, was cuddling and wagging his tail. In vet med with a little patience, persistence, and straight up love any patient can become a clinic favorite.

We cannot wait to see Jake for his recheck visits!

If you have any questions about Lyme Disease please do not hesitate to contact Advanced Animal Care Richmond at 859-625-5678

The Best Dog Breeds for Runners

Tue, 10 Jan 2023 15:42:00 GMT

If you're a runner, you know how important it is to have a good running buddy. But what are the best dog breeds for runners? Whether during a morning jog or evening sprint, having a furry friend to push you further is one of the best things about running with a dog. With the right motivation and positive reinforcement, even couch potatoes can turn into trailblazing speedsters in no time!

As veterinarians, we've compiled a list of the top five breeds that make ideal running companions. From small to large, these dogs are sure to give you the motivation and companionship you need on your runs. Keep reading to find the perfect four-legged friend for your next run!

So, what are the best dog breeds for runners?

There's no denying it; exercising with your pup is one of the best ways to get outside and enjoy each other's company. But which dog breeds are best suited for runners? Sporting breeds are some of the best dogs for running due to their athletic abilities and high energy levels. These breeds are often highly intelligent, too, making them easy to train . These types of dogs thrive when running alongside their human companions, so if you're looking for some extra motivation on those crisp morning runs, one of the following breeds may be a great choice.

If you're an avid runner looking for a four-legged running buddy, certain breeds stand out among the rest.

The top five dog breeds for runners are:

Labrador retriever
German shorthaired pointer
Border collie
Jack Russell terrier
Australian cattle dog

These dogs are high-energy breeds with exceptional capacities for endurance and quickness, and they thrive in active households where they can get plenty of exercise. No matter which of these five pooches you choose, you can reliably expect them to be great running companions. Let's take a closer look at each of these breeds and what makes them ideal pets for runners.

1. The Labrador Retriever

The Labrador Retriever is an ideal breed for runners looking to add a companion to their daily runs. These dogs have refined, muscular builds with strong legs and short coats that make them perfect for taking on the challenge of long-distance running. Not only will you appreciate their high energy levels during those longer sessions, but also the wonderful companionship they provide. Their friendly demeanors make it easy to enjoy leisurely afternoon jogs or repeat sprints over and over again. If you're looking for a dog that can help keep your running progress in check and stay by your side during every journey, the Labrador retriever is an obvious choice. Plus, they are excellent family pets and loyal companions.

2. The German Shorthaired Pointer

The German shorthaired pointer (GSP) is an ideal running partner for anyone who loves hitting the trails. This active breed is full of energy and enthusiasm that will fuel your runs, no matter how long or fast you go. They are loyal and intelligent with a love of adventure, making them the perfect running buddy. GSPs provide comfort and companionship as you run, not to mention their strong sense of smell which can make trail running even more fun and challenging when they follow interesting scents that take you deeper into nature. With their intelligence and independence, these dogs will surely give you an adventure unlike any other—one that will leave you feeling energized and closer to nature!

3. The Border Collie

The Border collie is an amazing breed of dog that is highly intelligent and bursting with energy. Known for their immense energy, they are a perfect choice for an individual or family with a very active lifestyle. Border collies love exercising and going for long runs, and they can keep up with you at any pace. Aside from sharing your love of fitness, they can also provide unconditional love and loyalty that is unparalleled by many other breeds. All in all, owning a Border collie is definitely something worth considering if you are looking for an active and loving companion.

4. The Jack Russell Terrier

If you're looking for a smaller pup that's full of energy and won't slow you down, the Jack Russell terrier is the breed to get. This clever and agile small dog can keep up with any runner thanks to its abundant energy and impressive size-to-strength ratio. They are also known for their intelligence and enthusiasm, making them easy to train and quick to pick up new tricks. And due to their small stature, they are suitable for small homes and even apartments—as long as they have an outlet for all that energy!

5. The Australian Cattle Dog

The Australian cattle dog , or ACD, is a perfect breed for a runner who loves an active lifestyle. Known for their intelligence, hardworking nature, and loyalty, this breed will stay by your side no matter how many miles you log. They make excellent companions for those early morning jogs on the trails and will happily join you in any workout. Never underestimate the enthusiasm of this loyal pup as they take on any challenge presented to them. If you're looking to ramp up your running game, then an Australian cattle dog might just be the ideal partner.

Closing Thoughts

If you're a runner looking for a new canine companion, then be sure to check out these five amazing breeds. From the high-energy Labrador Retriever to the hardworking Australian Cattle Dog, there's sure to be a breed on this list that's perfect for you. Do keep in mind that many mixed breeds are also fabulous athletes, so don't forget to check your local shelter before purchasing a purebred dog from a breeder. Once you find your new companion, be sure to schedule an appointment with your veterinarian right away to start them off on the right paw so they can spend as many years as your loyal running partner as possible.

Everything You Never Wanted To Know About Cat Urine

Mon, 21 Nov 2022 18:07:00 GMT

Cats are glorious creatures. Motion optimized, aesthetically pleasing, low maintenance, warm, fuzzy, furry, cute, and they purr. I mean, come on, could you ask for a more perfect pet?

In this cat lover's opinion, cats have only one major design flaw: kitties were designed with a poorly functioning elimination system. Specifically, their kidneys are weak, they don't drink enough water, and the cat urinary tract suffers frequently from disease.

The kidney issue, I will talk about another day . For now, let's talk about Feline Urologic Syndrome (FUS) aka Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD)aka Feline Idiopathic Cystitis or Feline Interstitial Cystitis aka "if it has more than one name, that probably means we don't know what causes it".

Cat Urinary Tract Disease is the Curse of a Veterinarian's Existence

Cat urinary tract disease is a big problem. I can summarize 90% of my sick cat visits in one line: "Doctor Magnusson! The cat just peed on my Persian rug / pile of laundry / fancy purse / kid's backpack / bed sheets and I'm seriously considering making her an outside cat or euthanizing her or sending her back to the shelter if you don't FIX HER RIGHT NOW! "

Boy, I hear you. Nothing stinks like cat pee.

If, for some reason, I were an evil genius and decided to invent a disease to torment both veterinarian and patient, that disease would:
- Occur in otherwise young, healthy patients
- Have no definable cause
- Have no reliable prevention
- Have no known cure
- Be potentially lethal
- Cause thousands of dollars in property damage
- Cause everyone around the patient emotional stress
- Fill up overcrowded Humane Society buildings

I could go on, but you get the idea. I feel your pain . Call it what you want, cats who pee on stuff are no fun for anyone. Inappropriate urination is the #1 cause of cat surrender to animal shelters .

Cat Urinary Tract Illness Affects A Lot of Kitties

It has been estimated that at any given time, 1.5% of all kitties in the US suffer from a cat urinary tract disorder. If we conservatively say there are at least 60 million American homes with cats, that means that right now, somewhere, 900,000 American cats are straining to pee on a bathroom rug . So it's not just your cat, the neighbor's cat is doing it too .

If you have a cat, chances are at some point you've had to deal with cat pee in places it's not supposed to go.

It's frustrating. I totally get it. Our human temptation is to label this behavior with human traits, and say the cat is either angry at us, or frustrated, or vengeful, or just mean. Naturally, cats aren't capable of any of these emotions.

Cats love peeing on bathroom rugs. It's like, their favorite thing. Why?

Rule out Medical Causes of Inappropriate Urination FIRST

PRO TIP: Fewer than 2% of Inappropriately Urinating Cats have a Bladder Infection

Humans have been trained by our physicians to think that if something is bothering one's bladder, it must be infection. But in cats, that's simply not true .

If we were to look at a population of 100 cats presented for medical bladder problems, 2% of them would have a bacterial UTI. And, despite what the pet food industry wants us to believe, only 20% have struvite or oxalate crystals in the bladder causing irritation (which can often be managed with diet). That means that 78% of all cats presented for symptoms related to the cat urinary tract or inappropriate urination have NO infection, NO crystals, NO cancer, NOTHING. Just a little bit of blood, really sad and frustrated owners, and a trail of destruction at home. Cat bladders just get grumpy sometimes, for no darn good reason at all .

Now, that's not to say I won't send home antibiotics and/or a prescription diet for most cases of cat urinary tract disease, because I most certainly will . The point I'm trying to make is that one must NOT EXPECT the antibiotics or diet or ANYTHING ELSE (don't even get me started on natural remedies) to solve the problem immediately, nor can one expect the issue won't recur, because there's a good chance it might . Rational expectations are the key to success, when it comes to illness of the cat urinary tract.

So what causes the cat bladder wall to suddenly bleed and shed cells and irritate the cat to the point he/she has to pee on your stuff? Nobody knows. They just do that. And why, when the cat urinary tract and bladder is irritated, does that irritation force the cat to pee outside of the litterbox? Why can't they strain INSIDE the litterbox?? I don't know. I wish I knew. When a cat feels bladder pain, they like to share their suffering with others. Cats are funny like that .

The bottom line to this discussion is simple: if something is bothering your kitty, take her to the vet . But when you do, keep an open mind. Vets are not just antibiotic-dispensing machines, we have other tricks up our collective veterinarian sleeves, and the problem may not be infection. The cat urinary tract is a mysterious beast and deserves our respect and patience to treat.

Your veterinarian will likely rule out medical causes of bladder irritation with a series of routine tests.

A complete physical examination , a urinalysis , a bacterial culture of the urine and X-rays of the bladder must be performed, to rule out medical causes of inappropriate urination before we make the dreaded diagnosis of "behavioral".

Please let your vet do these things before reading further.

The Dreaded "Behavioral" Diagnosis

Cats do not pee on your stuff because they are mad at you. Cats are incapable of anger, jealousy, or any of those other myriad emotions we swear they feel.

A cat that urinates on your stuff is anxious about something, pure and simple.

To get to the source of the anxiety, one must think like a cat. Be the cat. See the world through the cat's eyes.

Treating a Cat with Behavioral Inappropriate Urination

Why do cats pee when they're anxious?

Well heck, I don't know. I'm not a cat psychologist, I'm just a vet. But alas, that's what they do.

Treating these cats involves somehow making your cat's life less stressful. Sometimes that means give him a cleaner, bigger litterbox, sometimes it means more love and attention, sometimes it means Prozac.

Before we get into drugs, there are a few universal rules about inappropriate urination in cats that you should keep in mind:

Cats value independence . In multiple cat households, each cat will often choose a preferred box, mark it with their urine, and refuse to use each other's boxes. Buy one more box than the number of cats in your home .
Cats value safety . Every cat in your house should have safe access to a litterbox without interference from house mates, because nothing stresses out a cat more than another cat . Sometimes cats will ambush another cat when they step into or out of the litter box. Put another way: If Cat A is standing in the one and only doorway to the litterbox room, it makes sense that Cat B might sometimes pee on your bathroom rug rather than risk a fight with Cat A. Does your box have a cover? Perhaps having that cover makes your cat feel trapped. Watch your cats. Do they "lie in wait" for another cat to go in and then pounce? If you are able, put each litter box in a separate room, and/or on separate floors .
Cats value privacy . Put those litterboxes in quiet, stress free places. Sometimes that means your bathroom, sometimes it's in a closet. Rarely is it beside the washing machine or furnace or other loud appliance.
Cats value their own personal space . It's been said that in a home with five cats, the probability of having to deal with inappropriate urination by one of those cats approaches 100%.

OK, so that's all you need to know about inter-cat communication. Now let's talk personal preference.

Cats value cleanliness . Your cat spends most of her waking hours cleaning herself, do you think she wants to walk through last week's pee residue on the bottom of her litterbox? Or worse yet, a housemate's pee residue? Ew. Too few litter boxes can get soiled very quickly and a fastidious cat may not want to step inside. Scoop every litterbox at least twice daily . Thoroughly empty and scrub out the boxes and refill with clean litter at least weekly. Cleaning a litterbox is a pain, but it's a sure sight easier than cleaning cat pee off your stuff.
Cats value consistency . Most cats will develop a preference for the feel of their litter, and 99% of them will end up preferring clumping clay litter. Change your cat's brand or type of litter at your own peril.
Cats value their sense of smell . Some cats will refuse to use heavily perfumed cat litter. Litter labeled as "multi cat household" simply has more perfume added to it; if your cat is having a urine problem, try unscented clumping clay litter instead.
Cats value pheromone signals . If something has changed in your home - position of furniture, new people, old people leaving - consider adding Feliway pheromone to the mix. Feliway is a concoction of the pheromones cats rub on you with their face, which they do to mark familiar and safe territory. Feliway can convince some cats that new things are as safe as old things.

Special Note on Spraying

Cats that back their butt up to a vertical surface and wiggle their tails and pee sideways, are marking the object. Neutering often helps, if done early enough in life, though sometimes cats will get in the habit of urine marking and you'll have a harder time breaking them of this habit.

Spraying is not the same as inappropriate urination. Spraying is a marking behavior, inappropriate urination is an anxiety behavior.

10 Commonly Asked Questions About Cats and Their Answers

Mon, 24 Oct 2022 20:18:00 GMT

Whether you're a new cat owner or have shared your home with feline family members for decades, you've undoubtedly had some questions. Even if you don't have cats, there could be things about them that you've always been curious about. Whatever the case may be, we're here to answer all of your most pressing questions. As veterinarians, we answer questions about these adorable (and often perplexing!) creatures every day. In this post, we'll be sharing our answers to several of the most commonly asked questions about cats. Let's dive right in!

1. Why Do Cats Purr?

Purring is a uniquely feline habit that mystifies even the most seasoned cat owners. No one knows for sure why a cat purrs, but it happens when the vocal cords vibrate in response to brain stimulation. Cats normally purr when they are happy, but sometimes sick or injured cats purr, too. For this reason, many experts believe the frequency of a cat's purr may aid in healing .

2. Can Cats Have Too Much Catnip?

Does your cat go crazy every time they catch a whiff of catnip? If so, you may have wondered if you could harm your cat by giving them too much. The good news is that this plant is not harmful to cats. It's not addictive, either. Feel free to let your feline friend indulge. Just keep an eye on them, and take the catnip away if they become agitated or nauseated.

3. What Are the Most Popular Cat Breeds?

The most popular cat breeds in the United States (in no particular order) include:

Domestic Shorthair
Maine Coon
Persian
Sphynx
Ragdoll
Abyssinian
Devon Rex
Scottish Fold
Exotic
British Shorthair

4. How Long Do Cats Live?

Cats live an average of 15 years. However, this varies depending on several factors, including overall health and diet. Obesity subtracts, on average, 1 to 2.5 years from a cat's life. And cats who stay inside live longer than those who are allowed to venture outdoors. Staying on top of wellness care is the best way to ensure that your feline friend gets to enjoy as many healthy, happy years by your side as possible. Sometimes, well-cared-for cats live for 20 years or longer.

5. Why Do Cats Leave Their Owners Dead Animals?

Waking up to a dead mouse in the middle of the floor isn't exactly pleasant, but leaving this type of "gift" is a loving gesture from your cat. While you provide plenty of food, your cat is still instinctively driven to hunt. Cats teach their kittens how to hunt in the wild, so your domesticated cat may think that bringing you a dead animal will help you learn how to hunt and survive. They may also be trying to share the rewards of their hunt with you. No matter how unpleasant you may find this particular habit, your cat brings you "gifts" because they love you, so you should never discipline your kitty for leaving you what they think is a wonderful present. Praise them for their successful hunt, clean up the mess and move on.

6. Why Do Cats Knead?

Kneading, which is also called "making biscuits," is an instinctive behavior that many cats keep from when they were kittens. Kittens knead their mother's mammary glands to stimulate milk production. It's a comforting activity and one that cats often engage in when they are sleepy or when spending time with their favorite people. Your cat may also knead blankets and other soft objects for similar reasons.

7. Why Do Cats Love Boxes?

In the wild, cats are ambush predators. This means that they catch their prey by stealthily stalking it and then pouncing when the moment is just right. A box is the perfect hiding spot to hide while waiting to ambush unsuspecting prey. As tiny predators, cats are also potential prey for larger animals like coyotes and foxes. Enclosed places like boxes provide safety. And, of course, cats are curious creatures who just like checking out everything that enters their home--including new boxes.

8. Are Male Cats Friendlier Than Females?

Male cats have a reputation for being friendlier than female cats. Many folks insist that males are more affectionate, too, while females tend to be more aloof. However, this largely comes down to personal experience. Cats all have unique personalities. Adopting a loveable cat who loves to snuggle isn't as easy as simply choosing a male. There are plenty of standoffish males and affectionate females out there!

9. Why Do Cats Dislike Water?

While some breeds -- including the Maine Coon, Bengal and Turkish Van -- don't mind water, most cats prefer staying dry. Domesticated cats descended from desert animals that hunted birds, mice and other land-based animals. Most of their water intake came from their prey, so modern cats' ancestors simply had no reason to go near water. Also, unlike other animals, cats do not have waterproof coats. When wet, their coat is extremely heavy, and it takes a long time to dry. This can put cats at risk of hypothermia in cooler climates.

10. Why Do Cats Have Whiskers?

A cat's whiskers are delicate sense organs that tell them what's going on around them. Cats also use their whiskers to determine their position in space, especially in dark and low-light situations. Your cat's whiskers can also let you know if your feline friend is nervous or frightened. Cats also have scent glands in the skin of the whisker area which is why they like to rub their cheeks on corners of furniture or walls. Because whiskers provide so much information, you should never pluck or cut them!

Final Thoughts

Cats are amazing, though often mystifying, creatures. If you have questions about your feline friend that are not answered here, we encourage you to contact us. As your cat's veterinarian, we're here to help you better understand your cat so you can give them the best, healthiest and happiest life possible. Please reach out to us today to schedule an appointment or learn more.

10 Commonly Asked Questions About Dogs and Their Surprising Answers

Wed, 19 Oct 2022 19:51:00 GMT

Sometimes, we witness our dogs acting strangely or doing something that makes us curious. Much like humans, dogs have habits, rituals, and personality traits that make them unique, and we're left to decipher what they mean in the absence of human conversation.

From wrapping their paws around your arm to tilting their head, we've compiled the top 10 most commonly asked questions about dogs and their surprising answers.

1. Why do dogs wag their tails?

Most people assume that dogs wag their tails when they're happy, which is true most of the time. Dogs instinctively wag their tails when happy or excited, but they also wag their tails to express other emotions, such as nervousness or anxiety.

2. Do dogs dream?

It's not uncommon to see your dog twitching or letting out a quiet bark or growl while in a deep sleep. This is because dogs dream just like humans, and even go through a REM state of sleep when dreams are most likely to occur. Interestingly, puppies and older dogs tend to dream more often than middle-aged dogs.

3. Why does my dog lick everyone?

Dogs lick people they've become comfortable with for two very different reasons. They're giving that person a sign of affection, or they like the taste of their skin. Sometimes you'll notice your dog licking your hands and fingers after a meal, and that's because they smell the food. If you haven't eaten anything recently, it's more likely a sign of affection.

4. Why does my dog howl?

Dogs are descendants of wolves, so howling is an instinctive trait passed down from their ancestors. Domesticated dogs howl for three reasons: to communicate, because they're sick or injured, and separation anxiety. It's normal for a dog to howl as long as it's not happening several times a day, and often a dog doesn't even know why they're doing it. You'll also find that a dog will repeat a howl if its owner howls, which is their way of trying to communicate and be a part of the pack.

5. Why does my dog scoot its butt along the carpet?

Scooting is a common dog behavior, so don't worry. Your dog could just be relieving an itch. However, if it's happening every day, it might require a trip to the veterinarian since it could indicate allergies, parasites, or a clogging issue with your dog's anal glands. The American Kennel Club offers more insight into butt scooting.

6. What does it mean when my dog wraps its front paws around my arm?

Simply put, your dog adores you. A dog wrapping its paws around your arm is one of their highest levels of affection. Considered to be the human equivalent of hugging, dogs will often do this to return or give affection since they can't embrace you in a real hug.

7. Why does my dog tilt its head?

When a dog cocks its head to the side, they're focused on hearing your words and understanding what you're saying. In other words, they're in a heightened state of concentration. You've probably noticed this also happens when they hear strange noises, often high-pitched. They're trying to figure out the sound, where it's coming from and what it means.

8. Why is my dog's nose wet?

The science behind your dog's wet nose is quite surprising. While many assume it's because they're trying to smell something, dog noses are also wet because that's one waythey regulate their body temperature. Dogs evaporate heat through their nose since they don't sweat like humans, which helps keep them cool. Learn about other reasons your dog's nose may be wet or dry from the ASPCA .

9. Why does my dog circle before lying down?

This goes back to our previous answer about howling and the fact that dogs are descendants of wolves. They made their bed by flattening grass and brush in the wild to create a safe, cozy sleep space. Domesticated dogs circle for a similar reason, which is to define their space and claim it as their own. They also might scratch at their bedding before lying down, which is how they leave a scent and further claim the space as their own.

10. Why does my dog stare at me?

This common question has many possible answers, so it's best to connect the stare to the current environment or situation. Dogs stare at their owners because they're gazing in adoration, reading your body language, or want something like attention or food. These types of stares are very different from aggressive stares, which often come with a growl or showing teeth.

If your dog is exhibiting curious behaviors that indicate injury, illness, or aggressiveness, contact your veterinarian to discover the root cause of the habit or behavior. Contact us to learn more about your dog's interesting habits.

Pet Obesity Awareness: 6 Tips to Keep Your Dogs and Cats Healthy

Tue, 11 Oct 2022 17:00:00 GMT

Today we want to draw your attention to pet obesity, let's pause and reconsider before handing over that extra treat or dinner table scraps. The Association for Pet Obesity Prevention (APOP) hopes knowledge about pet obesity will achieve--a rethinking of our everyday habits that might add weight to the scale at their next veterinarian visit.

An APOP clinical survey revealed that nearly 56% of dogs and 60% of cats are clinically overweight or obese . Perhaps more alarming is that only 39% of dog owners and 45% of cat owners consider their pets overweight or obese ; therefore, millions of pet owners aren't taking action to shed their pets' extra pounds.

If you or your vet have noted weight gain on your dog or cat, consistent changes to their diet and routine prove very effective in reversing the effects of obesity and giving your pet the extra energy they've been missing. Following are suggestions to keep your precious pet healthy and make sure they live the longest life possible.

1. Track their Weight

Knowing your pet's current and ideal weight is the first step in ensuring they're in a safe zone. Your veterinarian can provide a healthy weight range for your dog or cat, considering their age, breed, and overall health. Monitor their weight regularly at home using a regular bathroom scale for cats and small breed dogs. If you have a larger breed dog that you can hold, weigh yourself first, then pick up your dog and subtract the difference. For large breeds that cannot be picked up, veterinarian offices welcome regular weigh-ins free of charge to help you monitor their weight. They'll be glad you're taking a proactive approach.

2. Double Check Serving Sizes

As humans, we understand that portion control can be challenging. When our dogs or cats want more food, giving them another scoop is tempting to make them happy. However, this leads to extra calories and extra weight.

To avoid overfeeding your pet:

Stick to specific meal times, and your pet will quickly learn when it's time to eat and when it's not, reducing begging and the tendency to overfeed
Avoid free-feeding (keeping their bowl full at all times), which usually means your pet is eating more than they should
Check the labels on your pet's food to ensure they're receiving the appropriate serving size
Use a food scale instead of a measuring cup for better accuracy

3. Select the Right Food

Check with your veterinarian about the ideal food for your dog or cat . With many options available, it's often difficult to discern the good choices from the bad. Puppies and kittens need food formulated for their early life stage, with a necessary transition as they enter adulthood and require fewer calories. Another change in food should happen when they become a senior dog or cat . Weight is an excellent topic of conversation with your veterinarian at your pet's annual wellness check-ups.

4. Keep Them Active

Pets need exercise and activity, not only for their weight and physical well-being but for their mental health. For dogs, establish a daily routine that includes a long walk to burn calories. You can even incorporate your dog into your exercise regimen if it consists of a power walk or a light run. In addition to walks, take them swimming or play a game of fetch. For cats, get a laser and have them chase it. Point the laser up and down the stairs and across the room to keep them moving. Don't use this method with dogs, this can cause them stress and potentially lead to behavior problems. Invest in a cat tower that they'll enjoy climbing several times a day, keeping them moving and limber. Put their favorite toy in the top-most landing to challenge them.

5. Skip the Table Scraps

No one likes wasting food, especially with the hefty price tag we're paying at the grocery store these days. It's common for the leftover chicken or beef on your dinner plate to be given to your dog to avoid waste and make them happy at the same time. Unfortunately, these are extra and unnecessary calories that will add to your pet's waistline. While they might appreciate the table scraps now, you and your pet will regret it when they're overweight, lacking energy, and not feeling their best. If you want to toss your pet the occasional table scrap, reach for the low-calorie, low-salt extras on the dinner plates.

6. Purchase an Interactive Feeding Toy

Interactive feeding toys make your dog or cat work for their food, burning calories while consuming calories. They also force your pet to eat more slowly, allowing their brain to catch up with the fact that they're eating and telling them they're full sooner. Aside from the physical health benefits of interactive feeding toys, they also provide much-needed mental stimulation and keep them busy while you're away.

On National Pet Obesity Awareness Day, start implementing at least a few of these tips, and your pet will thank you in the form of good health and longevity. As a starting point, use this handy reference chart from the AVMA to see how your pet is faring regarding weight. Contact us if your dog or cat continues to gain weight despite your best efforts.

Ready to Take the Puppy Plunge? Here Are 6 Things to Know First

Thu, 15 Sep 2022 14:38:00 GMT

Adopting a puppy is one of life's greatest moments, regardless of age. From their sweet little faces to their cozy snuggles, puppies are the cutest companions and naturally become the center of attention for many families. Along with their cuteness and playful nature, puppies come with great responsibility. From having adequate space to fitting puppyhood into your lifestyle, the following are the top factors to consider when determining if you're ready to take the leap and adopt a puppy.

1. Family Agreement

Welcoming a puppy into the home impacts everyone living under that roof. Everyone should be willing to care for the puppy and excited to welcome the new addition. Sometimes, parents are at work or away, and older children must care for the puppy. There will be times when the puppy is sick and needs extra love and attention. The entire family must be willing to contribute and ensure the puppy is cared for, loved, and thrives in its new environment. Much like raising children, a puppy takes a village too.

2. Time to Dedicate

Puppies require a lot of time and attention from their owners. House training is a time-consuming task that requires consistency and patience—and that includes training them to eliminate outside and curbing unwanted behaviors such as chewing shoes and furniture. They also have a ton of energy that requires adequate playtime and many walks. Before you adopt a puppy, make sure your schedule allows time to focus on their needs. The American Kennel Club outlines how much exercise a dog needs daily.

3. Adequate Space

As mentioned above, puppies have a LOT of energy. They must let it out, which means space to play, run, and explore. If you reside in an apartment, that might be a challenging environment for a larger breed dog since puppies grow quickly. House training is also a little more complicated in an upper-level apartment since it takes time to get outside, and their small bladders might not make it every time. Ideally, a puppy will have space to run and expel their energy, a safe neighborhood for walks, and quick access to the outdoors during house training .

4. Lifestyle

You should consider your lifestyle before welcoming a puppy into your life, as they have specific needs and create certain complications. For example, a sedentary lifestyle doesn't mesh well with a puppy's need for exercise—nor is that healthy for an older dog. Also, if you enjoy tropical vacations, cruises, and European adventures, you might often find yourself booking a boarding facility for your puppy.

Ask yourself the following lifestyle questions before adopting a puppy:

Do I live an active lifestyle that supports a dog's need for exercise?
Do I travel a lot to destinations that aren't dog-friendly?
Do my working hours outside the home mean my dog will be alone all day?
Do I have family, friends, or neighbors who can help with my dog when needed?
Does my lifestyle mean my dog will be in daycare or boarded a lot?

5. Financial Considerations

Puppies are certainly not a cheap investment. From vaccinations and veterinary check-ups to unexpected illnesses, grooming expenses , and food , the costs add up quickly. Before committing, ensure you have the finances to support a dog and cover all their needs. Your dog may require a more expensive prescription food, develop a chronic illness that requires medication , or experience an injury that requires surgery . Pet insurance is an option, but many require up-front payment with a reimbursement process.

6. Do Your Breed Research

Identifying what type of puppy you want is the final consideration in confirming you're ready. Dogs come in all sizes and various breeds . Make sure you've done your research to understand what breed is ideal for you and your lifestyle. This can mean the difference between a lasting and loving bond and buyer's remorse if your chosen breed is not a good fit. As veterinarians, we see far too many dogs get rehomed due to their breed not aligning with a person or family's day-to-day life. To avoid this heartbreaking circumstance, choose a dog breed matching your activity level, living space, etc. If you're adopting a dog from a shelter, their employees will often have plenty of information on what that dog is like from a temperament perspective.

Contact us to learn more about the big decision to purchase a puppy and everything that comes with being a first-time owner.

The Secret to Saving Your Sanity With a Shedding Dog

Tue, 16 Aug 2022 15:57:00 GMT

It's happened countless times to every owner of a shedding dog. You vacuum and dust your entire house, only to see dog hair accumulating on your freshly-swept floors, vacuumed furniture, and dusted surfaces five minutes later. It's a never-ending cycle that comes with dog ownership, and the reality is you have to learn how to live with it. This is especially true when you glance over at them, happily snoozing away, and you remember how much joy they bring to your life.

Depending on your dog's breed, you might be vacuuming and sweeping daily on a year-round basis or blessed with a seasonally-shedding dog that gives you a break for a few months. Golden Retriever owners, for example, are up against a daily, year-round challenge to rid their home of dog hair, while poodle owners are fortunate to only deal with light shedding in the spring and fall. Following are some tips for coping with constant shedding and keeping your sanity.

Brush Your Dog Often—With the Right Brush

Consistent brushing with the right brush can help alleviate shedding, which loosens the dead hair and collects it instead of landing on your floors and surfaces.

To brush dogs with shorter coats:

Purchase a bristle brush, hound mitt with palm bristles, or a rubber curry comb
Brush your dog's hair coat in the opposite direction of growth to help pull dead hair out
Brush in the direction of hair growth to remove the hair you just loosened
Repeat this process several times over their entire body

To brush dogs with long or curly coats:

Purchase a slicker or wire-pin dog brush with longer bristles to tackle both their undercoat and hard outer coat
Brush your dog's hair coat in both directions several times until you notice less hair accumulating in the brush, cleaning it out multiple times so you can accurately assess progress
During heavier shedding seasons, use a coat rake or shedding tool and pull in the direction of hair growth before pulling it away from the dog's coat

The American Kennel Club details the various dog brushes and rakes and when to use each.

Re-evaluate Your Dog's Diet to Help With Shedding

Dogs fed a well-balanced diet will automatically consume the vitamins and minerals needed to maintain strong, healthy hair follicles that resist breakage and falling out. Supplements such as Omega-3 fatty acids also promote strong, healthy hair growth. Speak with your veterinarian about your dog's current diet and if Omega-3 supplements are an option. In addition, increasing your dog's water intake can help alleviate shedding. Dehydrated skin is a significant contributor to shedding, so ensure your dog drinks at least one ounce of water per pound of body weight to maintain healthy, hydrated skin. Hill's Pet Nutrition offers insight on dehydration in dogs and how to keep them well-hydrated.

Add More Baths to Your Dog's Hygiene Regimen

Frequent bathing helps remove dead hair, which translates to less hair on your floors and furniture. De-shedding shampoos and conditioners contain moisturizers and Omega-3 fatty acids that help to hydrate your dog's skin and build stronger follicles while also detangling and releasing dead hair from their coat. Since you should also brush your dog after every bath, this double combination of bathing and brushing is a surefire way to reduce shedding.

If your dog has a lot of matting, it might be best to take them to a professional groomer . Groomers have many special tools and, of course, a lot of training to make your dog look and feel their best. Dogs whose hair grows continuously (Poodles, Malteses, Shih Tzus) require regular haircuts.

Since your game plan to reduce shedding will require more bathing and brushing, consider it additional bonding time and have fun with your dog during this time so they look forward to it. Reward your dog for accommodating the multiple brushing sessions with a game of fetch, a long walk, or an extra treat. To learn more about managing your dog's shedding, contact us .

15 Ways Cats and Dogs Tell Us They're in Pain

Tue, 26 Jul 2022 17:14:00 GMT

Our pets communicate with us all the time; we just need to know what to listen for. Because cats and dogs can be very stoic about when they hurt, pet owners need to pay attention to any changes in behavior . In the blog post below, we've shared 15 signs of pain in cats and dogs that you should have on your radar.

1. LIMPING

Let's think about this one for a moment. Say you were a cat a thousand years ago and live in the wild somewhere. You know, instinctively, that if you are visibly injured, some giant creature somewhere will probably chase you down and eat you. So you do your best to NEVER. SHOW. PAIN. Fast-forward to that little furball sitting beside you on the couch. Do you think your cat understands that if she shows you pain, you'll do something to fix it? Nope, cats and dogs have no concept of hospitals, and in their long history, showing pain usually gets you beat up or worse. The heartbreaking point is that if your cat or dog is visibly limping, they're in greater pain than their self-preservation instinct to hide pain, can cover up.

2. INVISIBLY LICKING

That same self-preservation instinct also forces your pet to clean their wounds, at least in private. As veterinarians, we can't even tell you how many times a day we hear a dog or cat owner say, "But I never see him licking at that spot!" Well, no, you won't. The pet will pretend everything is fine while you're watching; wait until everybody is asleep, at work, or at least in the next room; then they'll lick on that spot until it's healed. Bottom line, if your veterinarian tells you that your pet has been licking at something, believe us.

3. VISIBLY LICKING

The wound is so bad, the itch so constant, that your cat or dog makes it their life's work to lick it until it goes away . This makes allergies so frustrating because our human instinct is to tell our pets to "quit licking yourself!" like they're doing something wrong. In reality, they're doing exactly what they're programmed to do. Again, since pets have no concept of medicine, the only time you're allowed to put a pet in an Elizabethan Collar is when your veterinarian has prescribed something that will heal the hurt better than saliva.

4. FAILING TO JUMP

Remember when your cat was a kitten, and they would jump up on the top of your fridge? Notice how they haven't done that for the last few years? It's not because they've suddenly turned lazy; it's because that cat physically can't. Failing to do the things that the cat or dog once did is the most common sign of chronic pain in pets.

5. GETTING UP SLOWER

You're noticing your dog takes a second or two to raise their butt to stand when they used to pop up like a spring. That's because it hurts to stand up quickly. This is a prevalent sign of hip arthritis in dogs .

6. ABNORMAL POSTURE

You've noticed that your dog sits crooked now, with the same leg sticking out all the time. This is because that leg hurts, either from injury or arthritis.

7. CRYING OUT (or meowing!)

This is the most obvious sign of pain, of course, but remember, there are 12 other things on this list. Just because your pet isn't screaming every time they move doesn't mean they're pain-free.

8. CHANGE IN PERSONALITY

Is the dog suddenly snapping at people? Cat pushing vases off shelves? Many abrupt behavioral changes can be explained by physical discomfort.

9. ROUGH LOOKING HAIR COAT

Cats are meticulously clean animals. When your cat becomes less meticulous, it's not because of laziness. It's because it hurts to clean themselves. This could be from the reduced flexibility associated with arthritis or pain in the mouth.

10. PEEING ON YOUR BELONGINGS

This one is counter-intuitive. If a person pees on something, it's often a sign of disrespect. If your cat pees on something, they're hurt or scared.

11. RELUCTANCE TO MOVE

Here's the funny thing about dogs. Most dog brains stop developing when they're about two years old, and they honestly think they're two for the rest of their little lives. This means that if that two-year-old brain is driving a ten-year-old body and that body isn't playing along, it's not because the dog is lazy but because the brain can't make the body do what the brain wants.

12. LOSS OF APPETITE

Dogs and cats are programmed to pack on pounds in case food becomes scarce. When your pet stops eating, it's not because they've suddenly decided to go on a holiday diet ; something inside them is preventing them from preserving themselves. Your pet knows very well not eating will lead to death. They're trying to eat; they want to eat, but they just can't.

13. PANTING

Panting is something we're accustomed to seeing often, particularly in dogs, but that doesn't mean we should ignore it.

Dogs and cats pant for one of three reasons – they're:

Hot
Scared
Hurt/in pain

14. SHIVERING

Usually just a sign of nerves (or a totally normal little dog that just shivers because it's tiny); sometimes shivering can indicate pain.

15. DROOLING

This can mean either abdominal pain, nausea, or mouth pain .

Any time your pet does something unusual or different than in years past, you should contact us and discuss the change. You obviously don't want your pet to suffer, and we can get to the bottom of what's causing this pain ASAP and ideally treat whatever's ailing your dog or cat.

How to Know When to Take Your Dog to the Veterinarian For an Ear Infection

Tue, 07 Jun 2022 16:19:00 GMT

Despite what you may think, yeast infections, NOT ear mites, are the primary cause of ear infections in dogs. Dogs love to get yeast infections in their ears . Most veterinarians can likely count the number of dogs with ear mites they’ve seen during their practice career on two hands. And because we’ve also seen many pet owners wait too long to get their dogs treatment for what can be painful (or at the very least uncomfortable) ear infections, we’ve decided to share tips on how to know when it’s time to take your canine companion to the veterinarian.

How Do Dogs Get Ear Infections?

Dogs have very deep ear canals. Especially in floppy-eared or hairy-eared dogs, reduced airflow leads to a warm, moist environment in the ear that encourages yeast growth.

How to Treat Canine Ear Infections

Because of the link to moisture, the treatment of most ear infections, therefore, is aimed at killing the yeast and making the environment of the ear less hospitable to yeast growth. We accomplish this by REPEATED application of a prescription and drying acidifying ear cleanser several times a week until the ear infection is cleared.

The steps to how veterinarians treat ear infections in dogs:

Step 1: Examine a swab of the infection under the microscope to decide if it’s a yeast infection or bacteria. (or very rarely, ear mites)

Step 2: If a bacterial ear infection is suspected, send a sample to the lab for culture

Step 3: Clean the ear using a prescription veterinary ear cleaner

Step 4: Instill a small amount of prescription ear ointment or drops

Step 5: Repeat the above steps twice daily until the infection appears to clear up

Step 6: When you think the infection has passed, visit your veterinarian for a re-check exam

Your veterinarian must take a swab of your dog’s ear discharge, look at it under the microscope, and perhaps even send a sample of it to the lab to be cultured for bacteria before they’re able to prescribe the right kind of ear medication for your particular dog’s particular infection. Is it just wax? Or yeast? Or bacteria sensitive to penicillin? Or bacteria resistant to cephalexin? Who knows?! Let your veterinarian do a swab to find out for sure. For example, what if allergies cause your dog’s ear infection? If you and your veterinarian don’t treat the dog's allergies , you’re just treating the tip of the iceberg.

How to Clean Your Dog’s Ears

Simply inspecting your dog’s ears regularly is the first step to being a responsible pet owner.

The inspection process for your dog’s ears should go as follows:

If your dog has floppy ears, gently lift the ear flap to expose the inside of the ear.
Try to hold the dog’s head in a position that will allow the cleaning solution to flow down into the ear canal.
Visually examine the ear, and wipe away any loose dirt and residue from just inside the ear.

The cleaning process for your dog’s ears should go as follows:

Squeeze ear cleaning solution into the ear, filling the ear canal. You can’t use too much.
Put one finger in front of and at the base of the earflap, and put your thumb behind and at the base.
Massage the ear canal between your finger and thumb. A squishing sound tells you that the medication has gone into the horizontal canal.
Insert a cotton ball into the ear canal and soak up stinky brown ear wax-laden excess liquid from deep within the canal. Insert sounds of horror here! Feel free to wear gloves for this part.
Repeat flushing as necessary, replacing saturated or soiled cotton balls with new ones until the ear is dry and clean.
Wipe any residue from the inside of the ear flap.
Discard all used cotton. Never re-use anything from one ear on the other.

Medicating Your Dog For Ear Infections

There’s not much to this section other than to say to follow the directions on the prescribed canine ear infection medication for both ears. Of course, giving your dog a hug and a healthy treat after giving the medication will always go a long way in making it an easier process as time goes on.

Take note! One of your veterinarian’s most frustrating phone calls is the owner who wants a refill of medicated ear ointment yet says, “Oh, I have PLENTY of ear cleaner left at home!” Understand this: your dog has an ear infection again because of allergies, or keeping the ears clean would have prevented the infection. If you’re treating your dog's ear infections properly, you’re supposed to run out of ear cleaner BEFORE you run out of ointment because you’re cleaning the ears consistently, especially during allergy season.

How Often Should I Clean My Dog’s Ears?

For dogs with a history of recurrent ear problems, weekly cleaning may be necessary. Weekly ear inspections and prompt veterinary treatment at the first sign of infection are essential. We cannot emphasize enough that the treatment of most dogs' ear infections does NOT involve just a fancy prescription ointment but rather ongoing maintenance of the healthy ear canal by the dog owner.

If you suspect an ear infection, call your veterinarian immediately. Please don’t wait until your dog is in pain or struggling with ears that won’t stop itching. Don’t mess around in the pet store with medications that won’t work—let your veterinarian treat the dog correctly the first time.

Think your canine companion may be suffering from an ear infection? Call us right away so we can get your dog pet back on the path to wellness .

The Secret Behind Why Cats Hide Pain and What You Need to Know

Thu, 02 Jun 2022 16:18:00 GMT

It’s not always easy to tell when a cat is ill or injured. You might think that you’d be able to tell right away if your feline friend were in pain . Unfortunately, even the most attentive and loving pet parents often don’t know there is a problem until it becomes quite severe. Cats tend to hide their symptoms , making it challenging to care for them properly while sick or hurt. By the time a cat shows signs of distress, whatever problem they are dealing with has usually reached an advanced state.

Hiding pain is natural for cats. However, as your cat’s veterinarian, we’d like to tell you why cats hide their pain. We would also like to share some subtle symptoms that could indicate that your feline friend is hurting. Read on to learn why cats hide pain and discover what you need to know.

Why Do Cats Hide Pain?

Cats’ instincts tell them to hide signs of pain or distress. This is likely an evolutionary holdover from their wild ancestors. In nature, pain symptoms paint a target on animals’ backs, letting nearby predators know they are weak. Also, sick and injured animals are more likely to be abandoned by their group because they make other members more vulnerable.

Your indoor cat’s most significant concern may be deciding which sunspot to nap in, but these ingrained instincts remain. Your cat could also perceive other pets and household members as threats or competition for food, water, and other resources. And this makes them fear that they will miss out on those resources if they show signs of weakness. Masking their symptoms makes them feel safer and more secure — even when they live inside and realistically have little (if anything) to fear.

What You Need to Know: Often-Overlooked Symptoms of Cats in Pain

No matter how much pets try to hide pain, there are almost always subtle signs indicating something is wrong. Being an attentive pet parent is crucial because it enables you to notice these subtle symptoms and behavioral changes.

Keep a watchful eye, and reach out to us right away if you notice any of the following often-overlooked pain symptoms:

Decreased Appetite

Schedule an appointment when your cat stops eating or drinking or consuming significantly less cat food than usual. Inappetence is usually one of the earliest warning signs that something is wrong. Your cat could have pain from periodontal disease, an injury, or an underlying illness, so address this symptom as quickly as possible.

Decreased Activity

Even if you are usually a pretty active person, you probably wouldn’t feel like taking a long hike or hitting the gym if you were in significant pain. Likewise, cats experiencing pain are likely to spend more time lying around than usual. They may also lose interest in once-loved activities, like playing with you or their furry siblings.

Changes in Grooming Habits or Appearance

Has your usually fastidious feline stopped caring for their coat ? Or are they excessively licking a specific area? In either case, it could be a sign of pain. Cats may stop grooming when pain makes self-care painful. And referred pain is a common cause of excessive grooming in a particular location. For example, your cat might overgroom the base of their tail/lower back area excessively if they have kidney problems. Painful cats will typically stop using the scratching post, and their nails may become overgrown. Closely examine their nails to determine if they need to be trimmed. You also want to ensure their nails aren’t growing into the pads of the feet.

Refusal to Jump On Surfaces or Climb Stairs

Injuries and joint pain often prevent cats from jumping up onto surfaces and going up and down stairs. If your feline friend is suddenly spending more of their time hanging out on the floor when they used to hop up on your bed, sofa, or kitchen counter, don’t mistake this as a simple sign that your cat is getting older . Schedule a veterinary visit to rule out underlying issues. Even if they have developed a senior cat-related disorder , like arthritis, there are things we can do to make them more comfortable and enhance their quality of life.

Behavior Changes

Has your cat — who has been a lovebug for years — suddenly decided they don’t like being petted? Is your typically friendly feline showing signs of aggression? Or has your formerly social cat started spending more and more time hiding under your bed or in another dark, quiet location? These often-overlooked behavior changes are common signs of pain from injuries and illnesses. You know your furry friend better than anyone else, so it’s up to you to note any changes in your cat's behavior or personality. Even if it seems minor, it’s worth bringing your cat in for a checkup .

Changes in Litter Box Habits

Cats are clean animals, and they very rarely stop using their litterboxes without a reason. If you have an adequate number of litterboxes in your home, keep them clean, and haven’t changed litters recently, changes in litterbox habits warrant professional evaluation. Your cat might have difficulty entering and exiting the box due to pain. Or, if your feline friend is suffering from urinary issues, they may associate using the litterbox with pain

Straining during urination (inside the litterbox or out) and producing little to no urine is an emergency . Your cat could have a potentially life-threatening urinary blockage, so seek immediate veterinary care.

Additional signs that your cat is in pain include:

Difficulty standing up after lying down
Lethargy
Changes in posture or gait
Excessive purring or unusual vocalizations

How Your Cat’s Veterinarian Can Help

When you schedule an appointment with us due to concerning symptoms, we’ll carefully examine them to determine the underlying cause. We may need to run diagnostic tests in addition to performing a hands-on exam, which we will discuss with you before proceeding. Depending on what’s going on with your precious pet, we may recommend a variety of treatments or medications to ease their pain and treat the underlying problem. Our team will do everything possible to improve your feline friend’s quality of life and help them enjoy many healthy, comfortable, and happy years by your side. Contact us today if you have any reason to think your cat could be in pain.

7 Types of Dog Aggression and How to Nip Them in the Bud

Tue, 31 May 2022 16:43:00 GMT

A common myth about dogs is that barking, growling, lunging, biting, and baring their teeth means the dog has an aggressive demeanor. Presenting any combination of these behaviors often leads to a dog permanently labeled as aggressive and needing supervision around other pets and children. Even worse, this increases the dog’s chance of being euthanized at shelters. The reality is that there are seven types of dog aggression, and each has its root causes and methods for behavior correction .

Types of Dog Aggression

Dogs are naturally territorial and protective creatures, but their behavior when feeling threatened should never rise to the level of aggression. The signs and triggers can vary from dog to dog, but they all connect to one of seven different types of aggression. It’s also essential to distinguish between aggression and behaviors that look like aggression, as detailed by the American Kennel Club .

Types of dog aggression include:

Fear Aggression
Territorial Aggression
Idiopathic Aggression
Predatory Aggression
Intra-Household Aggression
Control Aggression
Resource Guarding/Possession Aggression

1. Fear Aggression

Fear aggression often presents as an offensive posture with the dog attempting to create distance between themselves and the offending trigger, which could be a person they’re uncomfortable with, another dog, another pet, or a wild animal encountered in the yard. This type of aggression can also be towards an inanimate object, such as a loud vacuum cleaner, a reflection in the glass, or a noisy appliance. Alleviate fear aggression by slowly socializing your dog, which will help them understand that other dogs, pets, and humans don’t always mean harm. If the fear is related to an inanimate object, continue use, and over time your dog will understand there is no threat. The AVMA details how treating chronic anxiety can help alleviate fear-based aggression.

2. Territorial Aggression

Territorial aggression is typically the result of an unfamiliar human in the dog’s home or yard. Territorial aggression can be intense, as the dog fears for themselves and their owners—who they are often fiercely protective of under any circumstance (some breeds are more territorial than others). To lessen your dog’s territorial reaction, reward calm behavior when visitors come to your home and enroll them in obedience training. Obedience training will help them react to your command when telling them to stay calm.

3. Idiopathic Aggression

Idiopathic aggression is the most unpredictable type of aggression, with the trigger either unknown or misunderstood by the dog’s owner. “Idiopathic” translates to “arising spontaneously with no known cause,” making this form of aggression the most dangerous since it can’t be foreshadowed based on the dog’s environment. Idiopathic aggression can be severe, with a possible neurological reason behind the behavior, and warrants talking with your veterinarian.

4. Predatory Aggression

Predatory aggression is usually limited to hunting dogs or dogs with the tendency to chase prey. If directed towards humans, it’s considered the result of a medical or mental condition for your veterinarian to address. Predatory aggression is the rarest of all forms of dog aggression. The only effective way to stop predatory aggression is avoidance of the environment causing the behavior. If your dog is chasing animals in the yard, take them on walks instead. Only hike with your dog on a leash if they chase prey while hiking. Of course, it’s no reason to think of your pet as a “bad dog,” as much of this is instinctual, particularly in certain breeds.

5. Intra-Household Aggression

Intra-household aggression, sometimes referred to as social-conflict aggression, is relatively common when two or more dogs live in the same household and more than one dog wants to be dominant. The likelihood of intra-household aggression increases with more dogs brought into the home, with older dogs typically being the aggressor over the new or younger dog. This is one of the more complex forms of aggression to correct since the dogs are close to each other and constantly aware of each other’s presence. Intra-household aggression can be alleviated by separating your dogs and slowly re-socializing them until their interactions are calm.

6. Control-Related Aggression

Control-related aggression is often the result of improper handling and is usually directed at owners or other humans who have consistent interaction with the dog. Dogs will exhibit this type of aggression once they’ve decided they don’t like their exchanges with a particular person and will present with this aggression to keep them away. Control-related aggression is most common among first-time, inexperienced dog owners and is highly preventable with proper education and training for the dog owner.

7. Resource Guarding Aggression

Resource guarding aggression, otherwise known as possession aggression, presents when a dog becomes territorial over possessions they deem to be exclusively theirs, such as their food, treats, toys, and bed. They fear losing their favorite possessions and will monitor from a distance and rush aggressively if another dog, pet, or human approaches their belongings. This type of aggression is prone to quick escalation. To manage resource guarding aggression, simply pick up your dog's toys, food bowls , and other possessions when your dog is not using them. This will create an “out of sight, out of mind” situation.

Aggression is the most common behavior problem in dogs and the most serious. It often leads to dogs being brought to shelters when the owner feels it’s no longer safe to keep them in the home. Seek the help of behaviorists, trainers, and veterinarians before resorting to a local shelter. Contact us if you would like to learn more about dog aggression.

Fat Cat Syndrome: How to Partner with Your Veterinarian to Combat Obesity

Tue, 24 May 2022 15:46:00 GMT

According to the Association for Pet Obesity Prevention , roughly 60 percent of cats in the United States are overweight or obese. And while your feline friend looks pretty adorable with some chub, the health issues your chunky cat could suffer from due to their weight are far from cute. Like us, overweight and obese cats are more susceptible to diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, and certain types of cancer than their slimmer counterparts. They tend to have shorter lifespans. Heavier cats can also develop skin issues because they cannot groom themselves properly.

As your cat’s veterinarian, we want to help you give your cat the best, healthiest life possible. We see far too many patients with weight-related health issues and are here to help you keep your cat slim and trim and prevent “fat cat syndrome.” Keep reading to discover how you can partner with your veterinarian to prevent obesity.

Learn About Your Cat’s Dietary Needs

Cats come in many sizes and shapes, so one cat’s ideal weight could be overweight for another. That’s why veterinarians assess cats’ weight using a Body Conditioning Score ( BCS ) system rather than only putting them on a scale. Ideally, you should be able to see a waistline when looking at your cat from above, and they should have an abdominal tuck — not a belly that nearly drags on the ground. You should be able to feel your feline friend’s ribs easily and see a clear distinction between their shoulders and head.

Assessing your cat using this system enables us to determine whether your cat is overweight based on overall condition, not just the number that pops up on the scale. We can then use this information — along with your answers to questions about their diet and daily routine — to figure out their nutritional needs. If your cat is a bit on the chubby side, there’s a good chance you are feeding them too much or giving them cat food filled with cheap fillers that don’t meet their nutritional needs. Whatever the case may be, we’ll help you understand how much and what type of food to feed your precious pet. Once we point you in the right direction, all of the foods in the pet food aisle will seem a bit less overwhelming.

Don’t Allow Unrestricted Access to Food

Filling up a large bowl or pet food dispenser and leaving it out at all times is convenient. It’s not great for your cat’s health, though. Free-feeding is common among cat owners, but it’s also contributing to obesity. You're not alone if you’ve heard that cats know when to quit eating and won’t overindulge. This misconception has been around for years despite its detrimental effects. Your cat probably won’t scarf down their entire bowl of food in one sitting as a dog might, but they’ll definitely eat more than they should.

Feeding your cat regularly scheduled meals is a much healthier alternative. It may take a little while for them to get used to a new feeding schedule, but they will live a much healthier life if you take away the all-day buffet. As your cat’s veterinarian, we’ll guide you on how much and how often to feed them.

Encourage Exercise

Lack of physical activity is a leading cause of feline obesity — especially among those living strictly indoors. Keeping your cat inside is much safer than letting them venture outside. The only downside is that lazing on the couch all day doesn’t burn calories like wandering around the neighborhood and sniffing out prey.

Fortunately, there are many ways to encourage even the laziest cat to exercise indoors . Playing with your cat a few times each day will keep them physically active and can prevent obesity.

In addition to burning calories, playing with your cat offers several other benefits, including:

Frequent playtimes prevent boredom.
Playing with your cat is a wonderful way to strengthen your bond.
Some toys engage cats’ natural hunting instincts, which is great for indoor cats.
Playing stimulates cats’ brains and can reduce stress.

You can even turn mealtime into mental and physical exercise by using an interactive puzzle like the one pictured above.

Don’t Be an Automatic Treat Dispenser

We understand that you love your cat and want to make them happy. But feeding them treat after treat isn’t the way to do it. Even if we get your cat on the right track with high-quality food that meets their nutritional needs and an appropriate meal schedule, offering too many treats can derail the entire plan. Instead of grabbing the treat bag when your cat meows at you asking for a snack, reward them with a play session with their favorite toy. Or offer up some head scratches and brushing. Giving your cat too many treats could have roughly the same effect as feeding your toddler a cookie every time they ask for one.

Schedule Routine Wellness Care

Bringing your cat in for routine wellness exams and care is the best way to partner with your veterinarian to prevent obesity. Doing so lets us monitor your cat’s weight and overall health. We may also detect changes in your cat’s condition that you might not notice because you see them every day. And if your cat is packing on extra pounds despite a healthy diet and regular exercise, we may be able to determine the cause with routine bloodwork. Even if they seem healthy, we strongly encourage you to schedule annual wellness exams.

Whether it’s been a while since your cat’s checkup or they need help shedding some excess weight, we are here to help. Contact us today to schedule an appointment for your feline friend.

Itchy Dog Keeping You Up? Give Yourself and Your Canine Companion Some Relief

Thu, 12 May 2022 16:37:00 GMT

If you’re witnessing your dog constantly itching, licking, or running their ears or rear along the carpet, you might be scratching your head, wondering what is wrong. They might even wake you up at night as they scratch incessantly and shake the bed or rattle their dog tags. While occasional scratching is normal, there are many reasons why your dog’s itchiness has elevated to an obsessive level.

Signs Your Dog Has Been Itching More than Usual

A certain level of scratching and licking is normal for dogs, but when the consequences of too much scratching are visible to the human eye, your dog needs to see their veterinarian as soon as possible.

Signs of Excessive Scratching in Dogs Include:

Bald patches
Hair loss
Red skin
Welts
Hot spots
Discoloration of the feet
Rash
Skin or ear malodor

Likely Causes of Dog Itching

Itchiness in your dog can be from various factors, from a food allergy to pesky fleas.

The following are the most likely culprits causing your dog’s discomfort.

External Parasites – Flea, tick , and mite bites can be extremely itchy and are commonly found on a dog’s hind legs, tail base, and back end. If you find one bite, there are likely more under their fur. Hill’s Pet Nutrition details how to treat fleas and prevent an itchy infestation.

Environmental Allergen – Like humans, dogs can react to seasonal or environmental allergies , with itchiness being the most common symptom. Pollens, mold spores, dust mites, and other irritants can pop up depending on the season or impact your dog year-round.

Skin Infection – Skin infections, such as yeast or bacterial infections, can cause extreme itchiness in dogs, with sensitive spots in their skin folds, behind their ears, and around their toes.

Food Allergy – Food might be to blame for your dog’s chronic itching, meaning a diet adjustment could be in their immediate future. Dog food allergies cause itchy skin, particularly on their rear end, face, and ears.

Anxiety – Much like humans bite their fingernails or play with their hands when anxious, dogs manifest their anxiety physically. Compulsive licking, scratching, or chewing behaviors can indicate that your dog is stressed. A lick granuloma might form over the wrist or ankle area.

Pain – Dogs often obsessively lick a specific spot if they’re feeling pain in that area, such as a thorn, foxtail, or arthritis. Pay attention to the spot they’re constantly licking, indicating the internal pain your dog may be feeling .

Alleviating Your Dog’s Discomfort

Your veterinarian will give your dog a thorough examination to determine the source of their scratching. The treatment regimen is short-term or long-term, depending on the suspected cause.

Treatments for Dog Itchiness Include:

Antihistamines can help control your dog’s itching from skin allergies, but unfortunately, they don’t address the underlying issue causing discomfort. We typically only use them if the itch is very mild.

Parasite control is vital in controlling fleas and ticks, and your veterinarian may recommend it year-round, depending on where you live.

Over-the-counter shampoos are a topical treatment that can provide temporary itch relief, but beware that some shampoos might exacerbate the problem. Your veterinarian may prescribe medicated shampoos to treat the skin topically as well. They may even recommend staying in the hospital for a medicated bath with a professional groomer.

Dog-specific allergy medications are for when the itch is moderate to severe. Your veterinarian will prescribe an oral or injectable medication to control the itch for your dog.

Your veterinarian may recommend steroids if the itch is severe. They are the most effective in alleviating itchiness but come with a few undesirable side effects, such as increased urination and weight gain.

Alleviate anxiousness , if that’s the source of their itching, by distracting them with increased activity, playtime, and interactive toys. If they’re left home alone during the day, try using a crate so they feel more safe and secure in your absence. They may also need prescribed antianxiety medication.

Identify a food allergy by eliminating possible trigger foods, and discover which ingredient might be to blame for their itching. In addition, introducing fatty acid supplements to your dog’s diet can help alleviate dry skin issues and reduce inflammation.

A quick trip to your veterinarian will ensure a proper diagnosis and treatment, so your furry sidekick feels relief, and you can get back to sleep-filled nights. Never leave chronic itching untreated, as the constant scratching and licking can lead to “hot spots” on your dog — patches of skin that become red, inflamed, and incredibly painful. Behavioral issues can also develop in dogs that become overly frustrated with constant itchiness, as detailed by the AVMA . Contact us if you want to learn more about what might be causing your dog to scratch constantly.

Chip Your Pet Week: A Pet Parent’s Guide to Microchipping

Mon, 09 May 2022 18:59:00 GMT

It is Microchip your pet week , so it’s a perfect time to learn more about dog and cat microchipping . Sometimes, our furry family members wander further than they should or run away because of fear or stress. When this happens, microchipped pets are more likely to find their way home. Having your pet chipped boosts your odds of reuniting with them if someone steals them. With an estimated one in three pets getting lost or stolen during their life , we strongly recommend having your four-legged family member microchipped. In this blog post, we’ll be discussing this simple, life-saving procedure and how it can protect your pet.

What Is Microchipping?

Cat and dog microchipping is a relatively affordable and minimally invasive procedure that provides pets with permanent identification. Unlike a tattoo that can become illegible or a tag that can get lost, a microchip stays in place and remains functional throughout your pet’s entire life.

We use a syringe to inject a tiny computer chip into the area between the patient’s shoulder blades during the procedure.

Some other things you should know about pet microchips and the microchipping procedure are:

The chip is about the same size as a grain of rice.
The entire process takes just a few moments and feels similar to receiving a vaccination.
There is no need for sedation or anesthetic, and your pet can resume their normal daily activities as soon as they leave the office.

During your pet’s appointment, we will help you register their microchip. Every chip has a unique identification number linked to an online account. Once registered, this account contains vital information, including your pet’s name, your name, phone number, etc. Make sure to update this account if you move or get a new phone number. Your pet’s rescuer can only reach you if they have accurate contact information.

How Microchipping Protects Your Pet

If someone finds your dog or cat and takes them to a shelter or veterinary practice, an employee will use a special scanner to check for a microchip. The scanner displays the microchip’s ID number, and the worker uses that number to trace your pet back to you. While there is no foolproof means of ensuring that you’ll see your pet again if they ever get lost, having them microchipped significantly improves the odds.

A microchip is also a powerful tool for proving that you own your pet if they ever fall into the wrong hands. Investigators can check stolen pets’ chips to determine ownership and prove theft.

Can a Microchip Fall Out?

One concern that pops up frequently among pet parents is whether a microchip can fall out. Microchips last a pet’s entire lifetime. A properly implanted chip cannot fall out or become damaged. Once inserted and registered, the only thing you need to do is update your account if your contact information changes.

However, in rare instances, a microchip can migrate. The chip will end up somewhere other than its original location in your pet’s body when this happens. For this reason, we recommend asking us to scan your pet during their annual checkup . This allows us to ensure the microchip is still positioned correctly and functioning. Veterinary professionals are trained to scan the pet’s entire body looking for a microchip, not just the classic location between the shoulder blades. Even if the chip has migrated, the scanner will sense it.

Are There Any Downsides to Microchipping?

There are no real downsides associated with microchipping. The process is relatively painless, and complications are extremely rare. Your pet most likely will not experience any irritation or discomfort. They probably won’t even know the chip is there!

The only potential drawback is that this form of identification only works when a lost pet makes their way to someone with a scanner. Fortunately, nearly every animal shelter, veterinary hospital, and humane society have a scanner. Most animal control facilities and police stations have scanners, too. As long as your pet’s rescuer takes them to someone with a scanner, you won’t have any issues.

If an individual finds your pet and doesn’t take them somewhere with a scanner, they will be unable to identify them using their microchip. We recommend keeping a collar with identification tags on your furry friend at all times for this reason. It’s always a good idea to make sure your pet has a form of backup identification.

Having Your Pet Microchipped for Chip Your Pet Month

The AVMA also has an excellent Pet Microchip FAQ resource. There’s no better way to celebrate Chip Your Pet Month than having your companion microchipped. The benefits greatly outweigh the extremely low risk of complications, and taking just a few minutes to have your pet chipped could save their life. Call us today to find out more or schedule your pet’s appointment!

Chip Your Pet Week: A Pet Parent’s Guide to Microchipping

Mon, 09 May 2022 18:59:00 GMT

What Is Microchipping?

We use a syringe to inject a tiny computer chip into the area between the patient’s shoulder blades during the procedure.

Some other things you should know about pet microchips and the microchipping procedure are:

The chip is about the same size as a grain of rice.
The entire process takes just a few moments and feels similar to receiving a vaccination.
There is no need for sedation or anesthetic, and your pet can resume their normal daily activities as soon as they leave the office.

How Microchipping Protects Your Pet

A microchip is also a powerful tool for proving that you own your pet if they ever fall into the wrong hands. Investigators can check stolen pets’ chips to determine ownership and prove theft.

Can a Microchip Fall Out?

Are There Any Downsides to Microchipping?

Having Your Pet Microchipped for Chip Your Pet Month

What Veterinarians Want You to Look For in a Chew Toy

Tue, 26 Apr 2022 15:38:00 GMT

Chew toys for dogs can be kind of a controversial topic for numerous reasons. There's so much mixed information, especially online, that it's hard to sort through and find a genuinely accurate source. It's so important to be able to stimulate your dog's mind and give them something to do during the day. Safe and effective toys are hard to find, though, so that's why we're here to help you make educated decisions. Enjoy this blog all about safe chew toys and how to find them!

Why Are Chew Toys Beneficial?

Especially when your dog is a puppy, it's important to give them access to toys, specifically teething toys. During their developmental period (for puppies , it is between 2 months to 10 months), it's crucial to allow young dogs to chew on toys and get the relief they need from teething. Teething is very uncomfortable for them, so it is wonderful to build the relationship now with chew toys being a positive association! Do not give them toys that would resemble household objects that they are not supposed to chew on, such as a tv remote plush or a rubber shoe chew toy. This allows your pet to distinguish the chewable things from the non-chewable ones and will make it much easier in the future to build that better habit.

Another reason your puppy might be chewing on everything in sight is a build-up of energy, particularly if they're not getting enough exercise . Puppies (and some dog breeds) have an insane amount of energy, and most need to have near-constant stimulation while awake to be content. If they don't have the correct items to chew on, then why not start on the sofa, right? Providing them with the right things to chew on will give them that stimulation they need while creating a positive connection between the toy and whatever situation they are in. For example, if you give your dog a peanut-butter-filled toy every time they are in their kennel, they might even look forward to being in there. Wouldn't that be great for bedtime!

Puzzle and treat-dispensing toys can stimulate your dog's brain and give them a real sense of challenge and reward. Kongs are especially good because you can fill them with cheese, peanut butter, or treats, and it will take them some time to get everything out of it. If you use peanut butter, its smell stuck on the toy alone could keep your pet coming back even when it seems like it's all gone. Freezing the toy when it is full of peanut butter, cheese, or other things will also make the toy last much longer with your persistent pup.

What Characteristics Make a Chew Toy "Safe"?

Chew toys for the use of fun and stimulation are fine as long as they fit the thumbnail test. If your thumbnail can make an indent in the object, it's okay to chew. If your thumbnail bends, it's likely to break teeth. Rubber or silicone is usually a safe option and is pliable enough not to cause damage to your pet's teeth. The size of a chew toy also matters. Too small and your pet can risk accidentally swallowing and choking. Another characteristic to avoid would be any toys with holes. There have been many instances in Emergency Hospitals where a pet has gotten their jaw and/or teeth stuck in a chew toy and either had to be removed by breaking the toy or even surgically.

Some pets like to chew on different textures such as fabric and rope. These we will refer to soft toys. Soft toys should not contain anything that could be ripped off or ingested, such as eyes, strings, tassels, etc. When toys start to become damaged or frayed, you should throw them away immediately. Dogs are notorious for quickly ripping something off and eating it the first chance they get! Each soft toy should be very sturdy and machine washable, so you can decontaminate it as needed. No soft toy should contain beads, packing peanuts, or anything that is not labeled as "safe" stuffing. Although it is labeled as "safe," it does not mean they can eat it as much as they want, and every pet should be monitored when they play with soft toys.

What Toys Should I Avoid?

We gave you some information about what to look out for, but now we will tell you which ones to try to avoid as well. First off, we will discuss tennis balls. Tennis balls can be dangerous for your dog for multiple reasons. The most obvious would be that they are serious choking hazards, especially for big dogs with strong jaws. Tennis balls are made for the tennis court and are quite durable, but they're not manufactured with a dog's piercing teeth in mind. They can easily be popped, and then bits or even whole chunks can be lodged in your pet's throat, blocking the windpipe, or travel down and get stuck in the gastrointestinal tract and require expensive surgery to remove.

Another reason tennis balls are not good for your pet is the dental aspect. The fuzzy texture on the outside is very abrasive and will continually wear down your pet's front small teeth and backside of the canine teeth as they chew on it. This can eventually lead to dental issues such as enamel wear or exposed tooth pulp, which can be costly and painful. As tennis balls get covered in dirt or sand, they get even more sand-paper-like and wear the teeth down even further. If you're going to use a tennis ball, only allow your dog access to them during supervised play. We suggest not using tennis balls, though, and switching to a different kind of throw toy.

Balls for play should be smooth with nothing glued on the outside to reduce tooth wear and should be durable enough to withstand your dog's chewing strength. These, though safer, should still be used during supervised play and not available when your pet is alone to reduce the risk of choking. Also, when you're using balls to play with your dog, they should only have access to one at a time. Giving them more than one will run the risk of one getting accidentally lodged in the back of the throat. All toys should be small enough to fit in your pet's mouth comfortably but big enough to not slip down the back of the throat and get stuck.

You've probably heard some information about rawhide being notoriously bad for your dog. And in most cases, this is true! The big downside to rawhide is its digestibility. Hard-chewing dogs will often break the rawhide into large chunks and swallow them without breaking them down properly into smaller pieces. This could result in either a choking hazard in the throat, esophagus, or gastrointestinal tract. It could also get stuck in the stomach, where it cannot be broken down for a very long time, causing more gastrointestinal issues such as vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. Smaller and senior dogs will often take off big chunks of the rawhide and eat it more slowly and deliberately. Still, we recommend going with softer chewing options and more easily digestible ones.

Next, we will get on the topic of hard bones. The FDA released this article in 2010 about the dangers of giving your pets " Bone Treats ."

The FDA article gives plenty of information on reasons why you SHOULD NOT provide your pet with hard bones to chew on, such as:

Raw bones from livestock such as cattle, pigs, or any animal are not safe to give to your dog.
A bone could splinter in your pet's mouth, leaving fragments of bones embedded in your dog's mouth, gums, throat, esophagus, or stomach and cause internal bleeding or blockages.
The fragments could even lead to a fatal bacterial infection called peritonitis, where they can poke holes in the stomach and large/small intestine.
Bones will break teeth, leading to a lot of pain in your dog and very expensive vet bills.
Raw marrow bones with a hole in the center could get looped around your pet's bottom or top jaw and are almost impossible to remove without sedation of your pet.

Instead of hard bones, consider a rubber toy that you can fill with cheese, peanut butter, treats, or anything flexible or passes the thumbnail test as mentioned above!

But What About Keeping My Pet's Teeth Clean?

If you use chewing toys for dental care , it's not the best choice. Items with a VOHC seal (found at VOHC.org ) have at least a 20% efficacy but are three to four times less effective than daily brushing or wipes. Hard bones have been shown to be able to remove some plaque buildup from the top of the teeth, but doing so does not stop plaque from forming on the inside of the gums or above the gum line. Plaque buildup can mineralize into tartar in as little as 24 to 48 hours, which then can cause periodontal disease or inflammation of the gums.

Daily brushing or wiping with dental wipes is the most effective way to avoid plaque buildup in your pets. The most important part of that would be to associate the brushing or wiping with a positive outcome, such as a treat or feeding, so your pet is more willing to sit still for a bit! Brushing or wiping should be done at least every other day to prevent plaque buildup on the teeth and can be accomplished in as little as 10-30 seconds per day.

Dental treats such as Greenies or VeggieDents can help passively remove plaque. As your pet chews, they mechanically work on the coronal 2/3 of the tooth. VeggieDents are designed to dissolve entirely even if swallowed, so they should not pose a risk of obstruction. Tartar Shield brand rawhide chews are made from rawhide chews ground up and then stuck back together into a chew format and, thus, are not obstruction risks either. Greenies, VeggieDents, and Tartar Shield products all have or are working on VOHC approval. If you want to give your pet a treat, why not give them something that can aid in dental care?

Final Verdict

Chew toys can be fun for your dogs, and the proper ones can provide mental stimulation, some dental care, and usually just an overall tasty treat for your pet. Many great toys are safe and reliable for your dog, but some require a bit more digging to discover. The trouble with most items is that marketing promotes some things as good when they can really be harmful. In general, if the item has flex or your nail can indent it, it's likely fine. We recommend always doing thorough research before buying and giving your pet a toy.

If you ever have any questions about chew toys, dental care, or anything at all, feel free to give us a call !

What Veterinarians Want You to Look For in a Chew Toy

Tue, 26 Apr 2022 15:38:00 GMT

Why Are Chew Toys Beneficial?

What Characteristics Make a Chew Toy "Safe"?

What Toys Should I Avoid?

Next, we will get on the topic of hard bones. The FDA released this article in 2010 about the dangers of giving your pets " Bone Treats ."

The FDA article gives plenty of information on reasons why you SHOULD NOT provide your pet with hard bones to chew on, such as:

Raw bones from livestock such as cattle, pigs, or any animal are not safe to give to your dog.
A bone could splinter in your pet's mouth, leaving fragments of bones embedded in your dog's mouth, gums, throat, esophagus, or stomach and cause internal bleeding or blockages.
The fragments could even lead to a fatal bacterial infection called peritonitis, where they can poke holes in the stomach and large/small intestine.
Bones will break teeth, leading to a lot of pain in your dog and very expensive vet bills.
Raw marrow bones with a hole in the center could get looped around your pet's bottom or top jaw and are almost impossible to remove without sedation of your pet.

Instead of hard bones, consider a rubber toy that you can fill with cheese, peanut butter, treats, or anything flexible or passes the thumbnail test as mentioned above!

But What About Keeping My Pet's Teeth Clean?

Final Verdict

If you ever have any questions about chew toys, dental care, or anything at all, feel free to give us a call !

Healthy, Veterinarian-Approved Treats For Cats and Dogs

Thu, 14 Apr 2022 16:15:00 GMT

With all the talk of pet food recalls in the last few years, pet parents ask us what we recommend for “treating” their cat or dog. We love our canine and cat companions and want to make them happy, and as we all know, the way to just about every cat and dog’s heart is through their stomachs! But you also likely know that pet obesity is at epidemic proportions , so we don’t want to turn a beautiful act into something that could harm our fur friends. In the article below, we’ll be advising on ways to treat your pet without contributing to obesity. And you’ll thank us after reading it, as we not only offer super healthy alternatives, but these are all things you likely buy for your family on a regular basis—so you’ll be saving money! So long, unhealthy commercial treats.

Factor in Size

Even tiny amounts of high-calorie human foods are the equivalent by body weight to giant greasy portions of yuck for adult humans. Imagine whatever treat you’re holding in your hand is a giant plate full of food for you. Does eating an entire plate of that treat make your pet healthier or unhealthier?

Examples of this human to pet treat analogy are:

GIANT PLATE OF CHEESE: Bad
GIANT PLATE OF JUNK FOOD MILK BONES: Bad
GIANT PLATE OF BROCCOLI: Good
GIANT PLATE OF GREEN BEANS: Good

Get the idea? Think of it this way—how many times bigger than your pet are you? If you’re a 190-pound man and you have a 38-pound dog, you’re five times bigger than your dog. If you feed the dog an ounce of cheese; that’s like you eating five ounces worth. Feeling sick yet? On the other hand, if you feed your dog a piece of broccoli, that’s like you eating five pieces of broccoli. Now we’re talking!

Good Fruits and Veggies as Treats for Dogs and Cats

You might think that any fruit or veggie is excellent for your pet and, while we understand that logic, it’s not necessarily the case. In fact, some are toxic to animals, particularly in large quantities, such as onions, garlic, chives, raisins, and grapes. And things like corn cobs are also dangerous to pets due to their potential to cause obstructions.

Some examples of good fruits and vegetables to serve your pet are:

Asparagus
Broccoli
Carrots
Celery
Corn
Cucumber
Green Beans
Lettuce
Peas
Pumpkin (this is especially helpful if your pet has an upset stomach)
Apples
Bananas
Berries: Blueberries, blackberries, strawberries, huckleberries, or raspberries (try ‘em frozen!)
Melons: Watermelon, cantaloupe, and honeydew
Pears
Oranges

Good Proteins For Treats for Cats and Dogs

Just as in humans, treats and food that are high in protein are often healthy options for pets, but they’re also best given in moderation. And you want to avoid feeding your pets macadamia nuts, raw meat, and bones.

Some examples of positive protein treats for cats and dogs are:

Bonito flakes (freeze-dried fish, used in Japanese cooking)
Cottage Cheese
Eggs (COOKED, PLEASE! – raw eggs may contain Salmonella or E. Coli, and an enzyme called avidin that decreases the absorption of biotin - a B vitamin - which can lead to skin and coat problems)
Meat (lean, cooked, and unseasoned): Chicken, Lamb, Beef, Venison, Turkey, Rabbit, Duck, Fish
Peanut Butter (make sure it’s xylitol-free)
Yogurt (including frozen yogurt in the summer!)

Good Starches as Treats for Cats and Dogs

You read the word “starches” and immediately thought unhealthy, didn’t you? In moderation, some starches are just fine as treats for cats and dogs.

Examples of starches you can feed your dogs and cats are:

Potato
Rice
Rice cakes
Sweet potatoes

So now, you don’t need to buy commercial dog and cat treats anymore (which, let’s face it, are pretty much all junk food), and you can start feeding your pet healthy, antioxidant-rich fruits and veggies! Happy treating! Still seeking more information on pet nutrition for contribution to optimal cat and dog wellness ? Contact us today!

Healthy, Veterinarian-Approved Treats For Cats and Dogs

Thu, 14 Apr 2022 16:15:00 GMT

Factor in Size

Examples of this human to pet treat analogy are:

GIANT PLATE OF CHEESE: Bad
GIANT PLATE OF JUNK FOOD MILK BONES: Bad
GIANT PLATE OF BROCCOLI: Good
GIANT PLATE OF GREEN BEANS: Good

Good Fruits and Veggies as Treats for Dogs and Cats

Some examples of good fruits and vegetables to serve your pet are:

Asparagus
Broccoli
Carrots
Celery
Corn
Cucumber
Green Beans
Lettuce
Peas
Pumpkin (this is especially helpful if your pet has an upset stomach)
Apples
Bananas
Berries: Blueberries, blackberries, strawberries, huckleberries, or raspberries (try ‘em frozen!)
Melons: Watermelon, cantaloupe, and honeydew
Pears
Oranges

Good Proteins For Treats for Cats and Dogs

Some examples of positive protein treats for cats and dogs are:

Bonito flakes (freeze-dried fish, used in Japanese cooking)
Cottage Cheese
Eggs (COOKED, PLEASE! – raw eggs may contain Salmonella or E. Coli, and an enzyme called avidin that decreases the absorption of biotin - a B vitamin - which can lead to skin and coat problems)
Meat (lean, cooked, and unseasoned): Chicken, Lamb, Beef, Venison, Turkey, Rabbit, Duck, Fish
Peanut Butter (make sure it’s xylitol-free)
Yogurt (including frozen yogurt in the summer!)

Good Starches as Treats for Cats and Dogs

You read the word “starches” and immediately thought unhealthy, didn’t you? In moderation, some starches are just fine as treats for cats and dogs.

Examples of starches you can feed your dogs and cats are:

Potato
Rice
Rice cakes
Sweet potatoes

National Heartworm Awareness Month: How to Prevent Heartworm in Dogs

Thu, 07 Apr 2022 14:29:00 GMT

Heartworm disease is potentially fatal to dogs, caused by foot-long worms that live in their heart, lungs, and blood vessels, causing severe distress to their organs. It affects dogs the most, as they are natural hosts for heartworms — meaning they are the ideal environment for heartworms to mature into adults, mate, and produce offspring. When left untreated, dogs can have a burden of several hundred worms at a time, causing lasting damage to their heart, lungs, and arteries. The damage can lead to a shorter lifespan and a poor quality of life, even if treatment is successful. As April is National Heartworm Awareness Month , we wanted to ensure you're equipped with what you need to prevent this potentially very harmful disease in your canine companion.

Dog Heartworm Symptoms

The bite of an infected mosquito causes heartworm, making dogs prone to it simply from enjoying the outside world—the AVMA details how heartworm is transmitted. In the early stages of heartworm disease, dogs may exhibit few to no symptoms. As the infection grows, symptoms will develop.

Symptoms of heartworm disease in dogs include:

Mild persistent cough
Fatigue following even moderate activity or exercise
Decreased appetite
Weight loss
Swollen belly
Labored breathing
Pale gums

Dog Heartworm Prevention

Heartworm prevention medications come in a few different forms, including chewable pills, topicals, and injectable medications. These options make it easy to administer the medication even if your dog doesn’t do well with ingesting medicine. Heartworm medication is available only by prescription through your veterinarian, with some also protecting against other types of parasites, including hookworms and roundworms. Discuss heartworm preventive medications with your veterinarian to determine the best option for your dog.

The American Heartworm Society recommends monthly administration of heartworm preventive medication to give your dog the best chance of avoiding these parasites. Your dog needs it year-round, as it works by killing immature heartworms in an already-infected dog and preventing them from developing into adult worms. Some dog owners attempt medication-free strategies, but natural prevention does not exist since it’s nearly impossible to isolate a dog from mosquitoes 100% of the time. The American Heartworm Society also offers incidence maps so dog owners can understand the nationwide impact and where heartworm is most prevalent.

Heartworm Testing

Due to the severity of heartworm, all dogs should be tested annually as part of their routine preventative care. Puppies under seven months old can begin heartworm medication without a heartworm test since it takes at least six months for a dog to test positive after being infected. We should give adult dogs over seven months a heartworm test before starting preventive medication, along with dogs who stopped taking heartworm medication for some time but intend to restart.

Even if your dog is on a monthly preventative, you should still have them tested annually. While heartworm medications are highly-effective, dogs can still become infected with heartworm disease . This is especially true if a dose is missed, administered late, not appropriately absorbed, or if they vomited shortly after taking it. Without a test, a dog’s owner won’t realize they’re suffering from heartworm until it’s become relatively advanced.

Contact us if you would like to learn more about heartworm prevention to ensure your dog maintains optimal wellness and excellent quality of life.

National Heartworm Awareness Month: How to Prevent Heartworm in Dogs

Thu, 07 Apr 2022 14:29:00 GMT

Dog Heartworm Symptoms

Symptoms of heartworm disease in dogs include:

Mild persistent cough
Fatigue following even moderate activity or exercise
Decreased appetite
Weight loss
Swollen belly
Labored breathing
Pale gums

Dog Heartworm Prevention

Heartworm Testing

Contact us if you would like to learn more about heartworm prevention to ensure your dog maintains optimal wellness and excellent quality of life.

How Parasite Prevention Plays a Key Role in Your Pet’s Health

Tue, 29 Mar 2022 20:35:00 GMT

Dogs and cats are curious by nature, often investigating every corner of the yard, sniffing everything along their path, licking things of interest, and playing with fellow neighborhood pets. These natural tendencies mean they innocently expose themselves to potentially harmful elements, including parasites.

Parasites are unfortunately common in pets, with fleas, ticks, heartworm, and various intestinal parasites wreaking havoc on your pet’s health and wellbeing. Parasites feed on other organisms, causing health issues that range in severity from minor skin irritation to severe gastrointestinal distress. Making parasites in dogs and cats even more dangerous is the fact that some are zoonotic, meaning they can be transferred to humans and cause health issues for the pet owner and other household members. That's why it's imperative to fight parasites as a pivotal part of preventive care for both cats and dogs.

External Parasites in Pets

External parasites, as described by the American Kennel Club , include fleas, ticks , lice, and mites, and they are more than just a nuisance. Fleas can carry and transmit serious diseases such as tapeworms and the Bartonella bacteria, which causes cat scratch disease. Ticks transmit many bacterial diseases such as Lyme disease and Ehrlichia. They also cause skin irritation that can become highly uncomfortable for your pet.

Internal Parasites in Pets

As detailed by the American Kennel Club, internal parasites include roundworms, tapeworms, hookworms, and whipworms that occupy a pet’s intestinal tract, causing discomfort while also stealing vital nutrients from them. When puppies develop an internal parasite, it can severely impact their growth and development. Likewise, internal parasites can become life-threatening for dogs with weakened immune systems by shutting down major body systems if undetected for too long. Heartworm is another parasite that can prove deadly even for the healthiest of pets, which spreads by mosquitoes and can damage the heart and lungs within a relatively short amount of time.

Common signs of internal parasites in pets include:

Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Weight loss
Vomiting
Pot-bellied appearance
Lethargy
Blood in stool
Intestinal blockage

Some have no symptoms at all, so it’s important to test annually for parasites in stool.

Parasite Prevention in Pets

While external and internal parasites are diagnoses that no pet parent wants to receive, they are avoidable. From practicing good hygiene to monthly preventive medication , you can take various measures to avoid parasites.

Prevent parasites in your pets in the following ways:

Practice good hygiene, including regular hand washing after touching your pets or cleaning up after them
Have your pet groomed regularly to reduce the risk of coat contamination
Check for fleas and ticks on your dog or cat’s coat after being outside or with other pets
Clean up pet feces daily since eggs or larvae in feces transmit most intestinal parasites
Avoid feeding your pet a raw food diet due to the risk of parasites
Visit your veterinarian for regular deworming, starting at a young age and being consistent with deworming at least four times a year
Consider preventive measures such as topical medicine, wearing a flea & tick collar, or taking a monthly ingestible preventative

Whether external or internal, parasites can cause severe discomfort in your pet and significantly diminish their quality of life. For your pet to explore freely without fear of picking up a parasite, consult with your veterinarian about the appropriate preventative measures based on their exposure and medical history. Contact us if you want to learn more about preventing parasites in your pet.

How Parasite Prevention Plays a Key Role in Your Pet’s Health

Tue, 29 Mar 2022 20:35:00 GMT

External Parasites in Pets

Internal Parasites in Pets

Common signs of internal parasites in pets include:

Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Weight loss
Vomiting
Pot-bellied appearance
Lethargy
Blood in stool
Intestinal blockage

Some have no symptoms at all, so it’s important to test annually for parasites in stool.

Parasite Prevention in Pets

Prevent parasites in your pets in the following ways:

Practice good hygiene, including regular hand washing after touching your pets or cleaning up after them
Have your pet groomed regularly to reduce the risk of coat contamination
Check for fleas and ticks on your dog or cat’s coat after being outside or with other pets
Clean up pet feces daily since eggs or larvae in feces transmit most intestinal parasites
Avoid feeding your pet a raw food diet due to the risk of parasites
Visit your veterinarian for regular deworming, starting at a young age and being consistent with deworming at least four times a year
Consider preventive measures such as topical medicine, wearing a flea & tick collar, or taking a monthly ingestible preventative

5 Common Cat Illnesses and What You Need to Know

Thu, 06 Jan 2022 15:16:00 GMT

Part of being a responsible cat owner is knowing how to recognize when something isn’t right. While the thought of your beloved companion getting sick is a frightening one, no cat is immune to illness. Even if you are a perfect pet parent and do everything right when caring for your cat, they could suffer from a wide range of health problems.

As veterinarians, we’re here to diagnose and care for your cat if they ever get sick. Still, it’s essential to familiarize yourself with some of the most common feline illnesses and their symptoms. In this blog post, we’ll be discussing five of the most common cat illnesses and what you need to know about them. Let’s take a closer look.

1. Cancer

Cancer in cats comes in many different forms. It causes cells to grow out of control and spread to surrounding tissue, often spreading to other parts of the body. Like humans, cats can experience localized cancer that’s confined to a single area or more generalized cancer affecting multiple body parts.

There is no singular cause of feline cancer , and it can cause a wide range of symptoms.

Some of the most common symptoms of cancer in cats include:

Persistent skin infections or sores
Lumps
Bad breath
Lethargy
Weight loss
Diarrhea/vomiting
Decreased appetite
Abnormal discharge from any body part
Difficulty urinating or defecating
Labored breathing

2. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) was discovered in the 1960s and is one of the most common causes of death in cats. It doesn’t always cause symptoms immediately, so it’s essential to have any new cats entering your home tested before introducing them to your other pets.

FeLV weakens cats’ immune systems and makes them more susceptible to kidney disease, lymphosarcoma, and anemia. This virus most commonly affects kittens under a year old. Keeping your cat up-to-date on their FeLV vaccination is the best way to protect them against this potentially deadly illness. We also recommend testing new kittens and any new feline addition to your home for FeLV before introducing them to any existing pets.

Symptoms of feline leukemia virus include:

Weight loss
Decreased appetite
Fever
Upper respiratory infections
Poor coat condition
Enlarged lymph nodes
Abscesses
Eye problems

3. Diabetes

In cats, diabetes occurs due to either a lack of insulin or an inadequate response to it. In healthy cats, insulin carries glucose from digested food to their cells. However, when a cat cannot use or produce insulin normally, glucose causes blood sugar levels to increase. This causes hyperglycemia, which can have devastating consequences.

Like humans, cats can suffer from type I or type II diabetes. In type I diabetes, cats cannot produce insulin. With type II diabetes, cats experience impaired insulin production, and their body fails to respond to the hormone appropriately. In many cases, cats with type II diabetes develop type I diabetes, too. Most diabetic cats are not diagnosed until they have type I diabetes and need insulin therapy to survive. The exact cause of diabetes is unknown, but obesity makes cats more susceptible to the disease. Male cats are also more prone to diabetes than females.

The symptoms of feline diabetes include:

Increased or decreased appetite
Weight loss
Increased thirst
Frequent urination
Urinating outside the litter box
Lethargy
Sweet-smelling breath
Unkempt coat
Urinary tract infections

4. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

The feline immunodeficiency virus ( FIV ) severely weakens a cat’s immune system and makes them highly susceptible to secondary infections. FIV-infected cats often do not show symptoms for several years, or they may develop symptoms gradually over time.

Some of the symptoms of the FIV virus include:

Fever
Weight loss
Decreased appetite
Swollen lymph nodes
Diarrhea
Inflammation of the eyes, mouth, or gums
Unkempt coat
Hair loss
Wounds that won’t heal
Eye or nose discharge
Frequent urination or straining to urinate
Behavior change

FIV is typically passed from one cat to another through deep bite wounds. Though less common, infected mothers can also pass FIV to their kittens. Keeping your cat indoors is the best way to protect them against this devastating illness. If your cat goes outside, we may recommend vaccinating them against FIV. We also recommend testing new kittens or any new feline addition to your home for FIV before introducing them to existing pets.

5. Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD)

Feline lower urinary tract disease, or FLUTD , refers to a group of diseases involving the bladder or urethra in cats. Urinary tract problems are common in cats and can cause many complications when left untreated. These issues are most common in middle-aged and overweight cats. While the causes are numerous, factors like environmental stress, eating only dry food , obesity, and changes in daily routines may make a cat more susceptible to FLUTD.

Symptoms of FLUTD include:

Straining to urinate
Prolonged or frequent attempts to pass urine
Passing only a few drops of urine at a time
Excessive licking of the genital area
Crying out during urination
Blood in urine
Urinating outside of the litter box
Decreased appetite
Vomiting
Dehydration
Lethargy

If your cat ever has trouble passing urine, contact us immediately. Urinary problems in cats are always an emergency and require urgent veterinary care.

Conclusion

When you think your feline friend might be sick, every second counts. Illnesses tend to progress rapidly, so it’s always best to seek veterinary care at the first sign of trouble. If your cat is feeling under the weather or not acting quite like themself, contact us right away.

5 Common Cat Illnesses and What You Need to Know

Thu, 06 Jan 2022 15:16:00 GMT

1. Cancer

There is no singular cause of feline cancer , and it can cause a wide range of symptoms.

Some of the most common symptoms of cancer in cats include:

Persistent skin infections or sores
Lumps
Bad breath
Lethargy
Weight loss
Diarrhea/vomiting
Decreased appetite
Abnormal discharge from any body part
Difficulty urinating or defecating
Labored breathing

2. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)

Symptoms of feline leukemia virus include:

Weight loss
Decreased appetite
Fever
Upper respiratory infections
Poor coat condition
Enlarged lymph nodes
Abscesses
Eye problems

3. Diabetes

The symptoms of feline diabetes include:

Increased or decreased appetite
Weight loss
Increased thirst
Frequent urination
Urinating outside the litter box
Lethargy
Sweet-smelling breath
Unkempt coat
Urinary tract infections

4. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

Some of the symptoms of the FIV virus include:

Fever
Weight loss
Decreased appetite
Swollen lymph nodes
Diarrhea
Inflammation of the eyes, mouth, or gums
Unkempt coat
Hair loss
Wounds that won’t heal
Eye or nose discharge
Frequent urination or straining to urinate
Behavior change

5. Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD)

Symptoms of FLUTD include:

Straining to urinate
Prolonged or frequent attempts to pass urine
Passing only a few drops of urine at a time
Excessive licking of the genital area
Crying out during urination
Blood in urine
Urinating outside of the litter box
Decreased appetite
Vomiting
Dehydration
Lethargy

If your cat ever has trouble passing urine, contact us immediately. Urinary problems in cats are always an emergency and require urgent veterinary care.

Conclusion

6 Ways to Set Your Dog Up for Optimal Health in the New Year

Tue, 04 Jan 2022 15:59:00 GMT

With every New Year comes a wide variety of New Year’s resolutions for humans, many of which are health-focused — from exercising regularly and eating healthier to quitting smoking and learning yoga. It only seems natural that our beloved dogs should also adopt a health-first approach to the New Year, which can be as easy as accompanying their owners during their fitness regimens. As we celebrate the New Year and all the positive change that comes with it, the following are six ways to set your dog up for optimal health in 2022 and make this year their best yet.

1. Nutrition & Weight Management

Much like humans give themselves a health reality check by stepping on the scale once the holiday festivities are over, the same should be done for your dog. Maintaining a healthy weight is of paramount importance to your dog’s overall health and well-being, with several obesity-related illnesses shortening the lifespan of those that don’t pay attention to the scale.

Dogs can fairly easily maintain a proper weight with the following:

A well-balanced, quality dog food served in the correct portions
A trip to the veterinarian for a weight check and discussion of how much they’re eating, water consumption, and if there are any recommended supplements
Being aware of the number of treats you and others give your dog daily, which shouldn’t exceed 10 percent of their daily calories

The Purina Body Condition Score (BCS) document is an excellent tool for keeping an eye on your dog’s nutrition and weight.

2. Preventive Care

Ensuring your dog receives their monthly preventatives is another area of importance for their health. Preventive medications keep your dog free and clear of easily-avoided health issues such as heartworm , flea and tick-related diseases , and internal parasites . Veterinarians strongly recommend preventive medications and treatments, understanding that many illnesses are far easier (and less expensive) to prevent than they are to treat. The AVMA offers insight into the safe use of specific preventative products.

3. Dental Health

Your dog’s dental care is another critical area of their overall health, as periodontal disease and resulting bacteria can get into their bloodstream and seriously impact their heart, kidneys, liver, and immune system. Regular brushing is critical, and dog owners can also consider dental chews that help break down plaque and tartar to prevent periodontal disease. Poor dental hygiene not only impacts your dog’s internal organ health but can also be incredibly painful and lead to them not eating well due to the added discomfort of chewing. Dental disease can lead to infections in the mouth which are painful and costly to treat. Before beginning an at-home oral hygiene regimen, be sure to have your dog examined by your veterinarian to ensure you won’t be causing oral pain by brushing.

4. Exercise

We can’t emphasize this area of your dog’s health enough — your dog needs exercise ! Keeping your pet active and physically fit has immeasurable benefits to their overall health and well-being, keeping their weight down, organs healthy, and providing mental stimulation. Take your dog on regular walks, take them hiking, play fetch, take them swimming, and make sure they have interactive toys that keep them moving. Even practicing tricks is a form of exercise that comes with great mental stimulation to keep their brains active. Regular exercise can add years to your dog’s life and leave them feeling happy, loved, and sleeping well.

5. Wellness Exams

If you’re not already taking your dog to see their veterinarian on an annual basis, let this be the New Year’s resolution you stick to. A yearly wellness exam provides your veterinarian with the opportunity to give your dog a thorough head-to-tail checkup, possibly picking up on new ailments or diseases that have gone unnoticed. During a wellness visit, your veterinarian will conduct a physical examination and perform any diagnostics or health screenings to spot developing diseases. These exams have the potential to save your dog’s life if something is caught early and treated before symptoms are present.

6. Love and Attention

Dogs thrive in loving, nurturing relationships with their owners. Establishing a formidable emotional bond with your dog is good for their behavior and temperament and makes them feel loved and a part of the family. Make sure belly rubs, quality time, brushing their hair coat , snuggles, and playtime are a part of your daily routine in the New Year, and your dog will return the favor with love and a happy temperament.

Set a health-related resolution for your dog and yourself as you head into the New Year. If you resolve to exercise more often, choose activities that can include your dog and check both off your list simultaneously. This will lead to improved health for both of you and strengthen your bond. If you would like to learn more about achieving optimal health for your dog in the New Year, contact us .

6 Ways to Set Your Dog Up for Optimal Health in the New Year

Tue, 04 Jan 2022 15:59:00 GMT

1. Nutrition & Weight Management

Dogs can fairly easily maintain a proper weight with the following:

A well-balanced, quality dog food served in the correct portions
A trip to the veterinarian for a weight check and discussion of how much they’re eating, water consumption, and if there are any recommended supplements
Being aware of the number of treats you and others give your dog daily, which shouldn’t exceed 10 percent of their daily calories

The Purina Body Condition Score (BCS) document is an excellent tool for keeping an eye on your dog’s nutrition and weight.

2. Preventive Care

3. Dental Health

4. Exercise

5. Wellness Exams

6. Love and Attention

How to Set Your Cat Up for Optimal Health in the New Year

Thu, 30 Dec 2021 15:44:00 GMT

With Christmas behind us and the New Year on the horizon, you’ve likely been thinking about your goals for 2022. While you’re dialing in those New Year’s resolutions, why not consider setting some goals for your feline friend, too? The dawning of a new year is an excellent time to establish habits that will benefit your cat for the rest of their life.

Setting your cat up for optimal health doesn’t have to be complicated. You can give your cat the long, healthy, and happy life they deserve by making a few simple changes. As veterinarians, we’d like to share cat-friendly resolutions for the upcoming year. Let’s go!

Get Your Cat in Shape

If you’re like many folks, you might have decided that 2022 will be your year to shed those extra pounds and get in shape. Why not set the same goals for your feline friend? Your cat may look cute with a bit of extra pudge, but excess weight isn’t good for their health. Reaching and maintaining a healthy weight lowers your cat’s risk of certain diseases and can add years to their life.

There are many excellent ways to help your cat get in shape. First, take a look at your cat's diet . If you are feeding them too much, giving them too many treats, or offering low-quality food, your cat is almost sure to pack on extra pounds. As their veterinarian, we can help you get your cat on a diet that meets their nutritional needs.

Make sure they’re getting enough exercise, too. Invest in some fun toys that will pique your cat’s interest and get them moving. Some cats even enjoy leashed walks , much like their canine counterparts.

Help Your Cat Stay Hydrated

In the wild, cats get most of their hydration from eating live prey, so they don’t have a very high thirst drive. Plus, cats aren’t naturally drawn to standing water sources, and they aren’t likely to drink from water bowls near their food or litter box. For these reasons, many cats don’t consume nearly enough water and are susceptible to dehydration, which can cause severe urinary problems.

Help your cat stay hydrated by providing multiple water sources throughout your home, including bowls located far away from their food dish and litter box. Many cats prefer moving water, so investing in a pet fountain is another good way to encourage your feline friend to drink. Feeding canned food instead of keeping your cat on a strict diet of dry kibble helps, too.

Take Care Of Your Cat's Teeth!

When was the last time you brushed their teeth or brought your cat in for professional dental care ? Chances are, it’s been way too long! Caring for your cat’s teeth is a crucial part of wellness care, but unfortunately, it’s neglected by otherwise responsible pet parents far too often.

This year, vow to start brushing your cat’s teeth at least twice each week. Give your cat dental treats, too, and be sure to contact us to schedule a dental exam and cleaning. We are also here to help if you aren’t sure how to brush your cat’s teeth at home. As veterinarians, we’ve seen cats that owners thought were lethargic due to aging act like kittens again after getting dental procedures, as cats can be very stoic about pain .

Stay On Top of Parasite Prevention

If your kitty never ventures outside, you might not think they need to be on a parasite preventative . Think again! Even indoor cats aren’t immune to fleas and ticks that can be brought outside by owners or dogs that go outside, so it’s essential to keep them on a safe and effective preventative year-round.

In addition to causing discomfort and itchy skin, flea infestations can lead to anemia and other potentially serious health complications. And we all know that ticks carry a wide range of diseases. If you’ve been slacking when it comes to preventing parasites or using ineffective or potentially harmful products from the grocery store, make 2022 your year to get your cat on safe, veterinarian-approved parasite preventative medications .

Have Your Cat Spayed or Neutered

Having your cat spayed or neutered lowers their risk of specific health problems and improves their life in several ways.

The benefits of spaying or neutering cats are:

Spaying a female decreases the risk of mammary tumors and uterine infections
Neutering a male reduces the risk of prostate problems and prevents testicular issues
Spaying and neutering can decrease the likelihood of hormone issues and endocrine disorders in both sexes, including diabetes
Having your cat altered eliminates their biological urge to mate, which makes them less likely to try to escape in search of a mate
Spaying and neutering often eliminates destructive spraying tendencies
You're helping to control the cat population, as many unwanted pets end up in shelters and are ultimately euthanized

Cats who are spayed or neutered live longer, healthier lives than their unaltered counterparts, and there is minimal risk of complications during or after the procedure. Ideally, it’s best to have a kitten neutered as early as possible. But even if you have an older cat , it’s never too late!

Don't Skip Your Cat's Annual Exam

Annual exams are essential in ensuring your cat’s long-term health. Bringing them in for a checkup each year allows us to monitor their ongoing health and look for early warning signs of potential health problems. Cats are masters when it comes to hiding signs of illness, and without routine veterinary care, they could have serious problems without you even knowing.

In Sum

In 2022, vow to get serious about giving your cat the best and healthiest life possible. Whether that means scheduling a wellness exam , helping them lose weight, getting your cat vaccinated against potentially harmful diseases, or having them spayed or neutered, we are here to help. Reach out to us today to schedule an appointment.

How to Set Your Cat Up for Optimal Health in the New Year

Thu, 30 Dec 2021 15:44:00 GMT

Get Your Cat in Shape

Help Your Cat Stay Hydrated

Take Care Of Your Cat's Teeth!

Stay On Top of Parasite Prevention

Have Your Cat Spayed or Neutered

Having your cat spayed or neutered lowers their risk of specific health problems and improves their life in several ways.

The benefits of spaying or neutering cats are:

Spaying a female decreases the risk of mammary tumors and uterine infections
Neutering a male reduces the risk of prostate problems and prevents testicular issues
Spaying and neutering can decrease the likelihood of hormone issues and endocrine disorders in both sexes, including diabetes
Having your cat altered eliminates their biological urge to mate, which makes them less likely to try to escape in search of a mate
Spaying and neutering often eliminates destructive spraying tendencies
You're helping to control the cat population, as many unwanted pets end up in shelters and are ultimately euthanized

Don't Skip Your Cat's Annual Exam

In Sum

Ready to Give Up on Crate Training? Try These Tips!

Mon, 27 Dec 2021 14:22:00 GMT

Crate training is one of the best things you can do to foster an excellent relationship between yourself and your canine companion. While you may feel a bit guilty about the mistaken notion that you’re “locking them up,” dogs instinctively look for small spaces when seeking shelter. Whether you have a puppy, an adult dog, or even a senior pet, crate training offers a wide range of benefits , and as veterinarians, it is something we strongly recommend.

Unfortunately, while crate training is excellent for dogs, it isn’t always easy. If you are struggling and feeling like you’re ready to give up on crate training, try these tips!

Start With the Right Dog Crate

Finding the right crate is a vital step in successfully training your four-legged family member. Choosing one that’s suitable for your pet can be tricky, though, because there are so many options. For starters, a wire or hard-sided plastic crate is better than a soft-sided one. These styles are sturdier and much easier to clean. Plastic crates are great because they’re darker and more comfortable. If you choose a wire crate, you might need to cover at least the back portion to make it darker.

Select the correct size. If you are training a puppy who will grow into a much larger dog, be prepared to purchase multiple crates as they get bigger. Some crates have a partition that can be moved as the puppy grows. Ideally, the crate needs to be big enough for your canine companion to comfortably sit, stand, lie down, and turn around. It may seem a bit cramped to you, but it feels like a cozy den to your dog.

Put the Crate in the Right Spot in the Home

Once you’ve selected a suitable crate, there is still an important detail to consider: Where to put it . Placing it in a busy part of your home — like a child’s playroom — could cause overstimulation. However, you also don’t want to put it in an out-of-the-way area where your dog will feel lonely.

Some considerations on where to place your dog's crate are:

Choose an area that’s quiet but not isolated. Your bedroom is an excellent place to crate your dog at night.
When you need to crate them during the day, a quiet corner of your living room, kitchen, or home office are all ideal options.
Avoid placing the crate in a drafty area or near a heat source. Don’t place it in direct sunlight, either.

Make the Crate Appealing to Your Dog

Introducing your dog to their crate should be a fun game. Start slow, and make the crate a high-value destination. The goal is to make your dog associate their crate with only positive things. Placing your dog’s food bowl inside is one of the best ways to do this. Offering up slow-release treats, like peanut butter stuffed Kongs, is a great option, too. If you are training a puppy who was recently separated from their mother and siblings, a comfort item, like a blanket or stuffed toy, that smells like their litter mates is an excellent option that will help them adjust to being on their own. You could also offer a special reward that the dog only gets when they go in the crate, like a favorite toy or food reward .

A few things you can put in your dog’s crate to make it more appealing include:

High-value treats
A cozy bed
Durable rubber chew toys
Puzzle toys

Never treat your dog’s crate as a punishment. You may be tempted to put your puppy in there if they have an accident on the floor or get into something they shouldn’t, but you should never force them into their crate when you are upset. If you’re having a hard time with crate training, creating any sort of negative association will only set your dog’s progress back further.

Be Mindful of What You Do With Your Dog Outside the Crate

Successfully crate training your dog involves working with them inside and outside the crate. If you try to crate your puppy when they are bursting with energy, the process probably isn’t going to go very well. Be sure to provide plenty of age-appropriate mental and physical stimulation , so your canine companion is ready to rest when it’s time to go in their crate. If your dog is tired, they will have much less trouble getting settled.

Don’t make a huge deal out of putting your dog in the crate or letting them out. The process should be fun, but you shouldn’t make it overwhelmingly emotional. If you make a big deal out of hellos and goodbyes, your dog will pick up on your emotions and have a much harder time with crate training.

Closing Thoughts

Crate training helps you build a stronger relationship with your dog. It keeps them safe and gives you peace of mind. While some dogs take to their crates immediately, others have a much more difficult time. If you are having trouble crate training your canine companion, consider scheduling an appointment with us. As your dog’s veterinarian, we can help you work through potential problems getting in the way of successful crate training. We’re also here to provide tips and tricks to help you give your furry friend the best life possible. Reach out to us today!

Ready to Give Up on Crate Training? Try These Tips!

Mon, 27 Dec 2021 14:22:00 GMT

Unfortunately, while crate training is excellent for dogs, it isn’t always easy. If you are struggling and feeling like you’re ready to give up on crate training, try these tips!

Start With the Right Dog Crate

Put the Crate in the Right Spot in the Home

Some considerations on where to place your dog's crate are:

Choose an area that’s quiet but not isolated. Your bedroom is an excellent place to crate your dog at night.
When you need to crate them during the day, a quiet corner of your living room, kitchen, or home office are all ideal options.
Avoid placing the crate in a drafty area or near a heat source. Don’t place it in direct sunlight, either.

Make the Crate Appealing to Your Dog

A few things you can put in your dog’s crate to make it more appealing include:

High-value treats
A cozy bed
Durable rubber chew toys
Puzzle toys

Be Mindful of What You Do With Your Dog Outside the Crate

Closing Thoughts

How to Help Kids and Cats Live Together in Peace

Thu, 23 Dec 2021 12:51:00 GMT

Pets and kids are a natural combination. You may have even grown up with a few furry family members yourself. Pets provide companionship and comfort, and they can help kids develop responsibility, empathy, and compassion. In most cases, raising kids and animals together benefits families in many ways.

Before bringing a new kitten into your home , though, it’s crucial to recognize the importance of building a good relationship between your child and their pet. As both a parent and pet owner, it’s up to you to make sure everyone in your family gets along. As veterinarians, we’re often asked for tips about how to help kids and cats live together in peace. As both kids and cats are curious and playful creatures, the combination of the two can result in bites and scratches. The good news is that figuring out ways to create harmony between them isn’t as difficult as many people think. In this post, we’ll be discussing a few of the many things you can do to foster a healthy relationship between your two-legged and four-legged children.

Teach your kids the proper way to welcome a new kitten

If you’ve decided to adopt a cat after months of listening to your child beg for one, making proper introductions is the best way to start the relationship off on the right foot. Before the big day arrives, explain to your daughter or son that kittens need time to adjust to new people and surroundings. Let them know that their new pet will likely be nervous and that they’ll only make the kitten more fearful if they are too loud.

Limit your new kitten’s area to just one or two rooms at first, and don’t let your child overwhelm them with constant attention and activity. Keep the first few interactions short. While not intentional, your child could cause serious injury by handling a kitten too roughly. Show your son or daughter how to pet a kitten nicely and pick them up correctly. Teach your child to respect the cat’s boundaries. In doing so, you’ll be doing your part to keep your little one and their new precious pet safe and happy.

Establish ground rules

Taking care of a new pet is a big responsibility, and everyone needs to know their job.

When you get a kitten or cat, you need to decide the following:

Who will feed the kitten or cat each day?
When, what, and how often will the cat eat ?
Who is responsible for cleaning the litter box?
Will your new feline friend will go outside or stay indoors at all times? (As veterinarians, we strongly recommend keeping your cat indoors .)
Is the cat allowed to jump on tables and countertops and sleep in the bed with a family member?

Discuss all of these things as a family, and make sure everyone in your household is on the same page.

To keep the peace, consider having certain kid-free areas and areas that are cat-free. This will give your cat a place to escape to when they need some peace and quiet, and it will give your child a kitten-free area where they can do homework, eat meals, etc., without distractions.

Be a good role model

Your children look to you to learn how to behave. By modeling the proper way to care for a pet, you will be instilling good habits in your son or daughter. Show them the correct way to approach a kitten, how to play with them, how to groom them , and how to give them food, treats, and water. When it’s time to bring your kitty in for a checkup, bring your child along. Let them see what goes into caring for their feline friend so they understand just how big of a responsibility pet ownership is.

Supervise every interaction between kids and cats

Always keep a close eye on your child when they are interacting with the kitten. Even if they don’t mean to cause any harm, a young child could hurt or frighten a cat by grabbing their paws, pulling their tail, or trying to restrain them. If your child behaves in a manner that could scare or hurt the kitten, redirect them to more appropriate behavior. And be sure to praise them when they are treating the cat properly.

Keep an eye on your kitten’s behavior, too. If they are getting too rowdy and starting to nip at your child’s hands like they would a littermate, discourage them with a firm “no,” and offer up a toy or another appropriate toy to chew on. If the kitten doesn’t settle down and play nicely, it’s time for a break.

Closing Thoughts

Adding a kitten to your family is exciting — especially for kids. When it comes to keeping the peace, though, it’s essential to establish some ground rules and make sure everyone stays on the same page. Make sure your child knows that a cat is a living creature and not a toy. Teach them how to care for kittens or cats properly, and make sure they know all that goes into raising a healthy, happy pet.

Bring your kitten in for a wellness exam shortly after bringing them home to ensure you're getting them on the path to good health and to help your kids understand the responsibilities involved in pet ownership. If you’ve recently adopted a kitten or an adult cat, give us a call to schedule their first appointment.

How to Help Kids and Cats Live Together in Peace

Thu, 23 Dec 2021 12:51:00 GMT

Teach your kids the proper way to welcome a new kitten

Establish ground rules

Taking care of a new pet is a big responsibility, and everyone needs to know their job.

When you get a kitten or cat, you need to decide the following:

Who will feed the kitten or cat each day?
When, what, and how often will the cat eat ?
Who is responsible for cleaning the litter box?
Will your new feline friend will go outside or stay indoors at all times? (As veterinarians, we strongly recommend keeping your cat indoors .)
Is the cat allowed to jump on tables and countertops and sleep in the bed with a family member?

Discuss all of these things as a family, and make sure everyone in your household is on the same page.

Be a good role model

Supervise every interaction between kids and cats

Closing Thoughts

6 Tips for Keeping Your Pets Safe in Wintery Weather

Thu, 09 Dec 2021 17:13:00 GMT

December is Winter Weather Safety Month , making it the perfect time to remind pet owners of the dangers that come with the cold winter months. From hypothermia risk and protecting sensitive paws to leashing your dog and ensuring adequate shelter for outdoor cats, there are many precautions to take to ensure your pets continue living their best lives straight through this cold, snowy season. Following are the top six pet safety tips to keep in mind as winter settles in so you can avoid a cat or dog emergency .

1. Consider Your Dog’s Breed & Age

Depending on the breed and age of your dog, they might be more susceptible to cold than other dogs or those you’ve owned in the past. Short-haired, thin, and senior dogs get cold quickly, so their time outside in frigid temperatures should be limited. Also, consider bundling them up in a dog sweater or coat to help maintain their body temperature, as hypothermia and frostbite are risk factors for dogs just as they are for humans. Familiarize yourself with the signs of hypothermia in dogs just in case.

2. Protect Their Paws

When walking your dog in the winter, their paws can get extremely cold from walking on ice-cold surfaces or snow-covered roads.

Consider doing the following to keep your dog safe during walks in the winter:

Purchasing dog booties, and let them get comfortable with them in the house before venturing out on a walk
Be aware when walking that your dog’s paws can pick up all types of toxic chemicals from walking outside in the winter, including salt, antifreeze, and potentially toxic de-icers
Wipe off their paws after returning from a walk to prevent them from licking any of those toxins

Pet-safe de-icers exist, so check labels and purchase one of those options to be extra safe.

3. Always Use a Leash

Pets become lost in the winter more than any other season due to snowfall making their surroundings less recognizable and scents much harder to track. Keep your dog on a leash during walks and when they need to run outside to eliminate and avoid any risk of them running off. With cold temperatures prevalent in much of the country during the winter months, a lost dog is a terrifying situation. And, as always, we recommend keeping your pets’ tags on and microchipping your dogs and cats to increase the chance they’ll be returned to you when lost.

4. Provide Shelter for Outdoor Cats

In the winter, it’s best if all your pets live indoors. However, for those stubborn outdoor cats who aren’t content inside, make sure you’re providing adequate shelter. While you should obviously bring them inside in sub-zero temperatures, dry and draft-free shelter should keep them safe when temperatures are above freezing. Create a dry space for them, raised off the ground at least a few inches, and facing away from the wind. Cover the doorway with waterproof material, and make sure you’re leaving more food and water than usual. Cats lose a considerable amount of energy trying to stay warm, burning more calories in the process.

5. Avoid Walking on Ice

Many unsuspecting pet owners assume their dog is light enough to venture onto ice-covered rivers, ponds, and lakes in the winter due to their low body weight. This is especially common with those who take their dogs on winter hikes or snowshoeing, allowing them to run freely. However, you can never be 100% certain that those bodies of water are frozen solid, and even their body weight might prove to be too heavy. If they break through the ice and you’re stuck in snowshoes, cross country skis, or need to navigate through deep snow to reach them, the outcome could be tragic.

6. Check Around Your Car

Before you head out to work or elsewhere, be sure to check around your car for any outdoor cats. During the cold months, it’s very common for them to seek the warmth of a car, whether in plain sight on a warm hood or curled up inside a wheel well. It’s also typical of them to seek shelter underneath a car for both the warmth it provides and as cover from the elements. Take a quick 360-degree look before turning on your car, and give a bang on the hood or roof to startle them away just in case you missed them during your walk-around.

As winter settles throughout much of the U.S., taking precautions to protect your pet and other animals from the cold weather is critical to their health and well-being. By spending just a few minutes adding an extra layer of safety to your routines, you could be sparing the life of your family pet. Contact us if you would like to learn more about winter safety for your pets, or perhaps you’re overdue for your pet’s next wellness exam .

6 Tips for Keeping Your Pets Safe in Wintery Weather

Thu, 09 Dec 2021 17:13:00 GMT

1. Consider Your Dog’s Breed & Age

2. Protect Their Paws

When walking your dog in the winter, their paws can get extremely cold from walking on ice-cold surfaces or snow-covered roads.

Consider doing the following to keep your dog safe during walks in the winter:

Purchasing dog booties, and let them get comfortable with them in the house before venturing out on a walk
Be aware when walking that your dog’s paws can pick up all types of toxic chemicals from walking outside in the winter, including salt, antifreeze, and potentially toxic de-icers
Wipe off their paws after returning from a walk to prevent them from licking any of those toxins

Pet-safe de-icers exist, so check labels and purchase one of those options to be extra safe.

3. Always Use a Leash

4. Provide Shelter for Outdoor Cats

5. Avoid Walking on Ice

6. Check Around Your Car

Adopt a Senior Pet Month – 6 Reasons Why a Senior Dog or Cat Should Be Your Next Pet

Thu, 18 Nov 2021 20:29:00 GMT

November is Adopt a Senior Pet Month , a month that reminds us of all the incredible advantages that come with welcoming a senior dog or senior cat into your family. While it’s easy to fall in love with an adorable puppy or kitten , they come with plenty of frustrations during the training stage — a stage that is usually skipped when you adopt a senior pet. Below is a handful of reasons why you should select your newest family member from the divinely distinguished-looking gray-bearded senior population at the local animal shelter.

1. Love & Loyalty

Senior dogs and cats are just as loving and loyal as their younger counterparts, and in many cases, are even more loving due to the gratitude they feel once adopted. Senior dogs and cats tend to have the most extended stays in shelters, with their new owners being on the receiving end of endless love and fierce loyalty once they’re acclimated to their new forever home.

2. You’re Saving a Life

According to the ASPCA , the unfortunate reality is that 2.7 million of the 7.6 million pets brought to shelters each year are euthanized. Many of those euthanized pets are adult or senior dogs and cats, with younger pets prioritized due to the longer lives ahead of them. By adopting an older dog or cat this November, you’re sparing a life that may have ended prematurely due solely to shelter crowding.

3. Skip the Puppy and Kitten Training

Senior dogs and cats available for adoption likely lived in homes for years; therefore house training isn’t necessary for many when you bring them home. Most of them will also likely understand commands such as “leave it,” “stay,” “sit,” and more. The transition of welcoming a senior pet into your home is much easier — and far less stressful — than a new puppy or kitten that requires house training and learning the basics.

4. Less Monitoring

Much like house training is already understood, senior pets also require less oversight. Puppies and kittens are ultra-curious about the world around them, eating anything they can get their paws on and chewing everything from shoes to furniture. That exploration can result in repeat gastrointestinal issues and damaged goods around your house. Senior pets are often calmer and tend to be beyond the stage of sampling everything they encounter, therefore sparing your belongings.

5. Awareness of Medical Issues

When you adopt a senior pet, there is usually an awareness of any medical issues. This means the new pet owner is prepared for any treatments and medications that come with owning the dog or cat, unlike puppies and kittens that might have unknown medical issues or congenital defects. Those medical surprises can be costly and create stress for the pet owner versus being made aware of issues upfront and prepared for what it means financially.

6. Fewer Surprises

While most people love a good surprise, a surprise issue with a dog or cat isn’t a welcome one. Many senior pets in shelters are there by no fault of their own and surrendered due to a move, a family member allergy, or financial constraints. Senior pets available in shelters often come with a considerable amount of information, including the home environment from which they came, if they’re good with kids, if they enjoy the company of other pets, if they require being crated when away from home, their energy level, and much more. The shelter will also inform you of any behavioral issues that may require training to incorporate them comfortably into your life. The AVMA offers excellent insight regarding what to expect with a senior pet.

The next time you’re considering adding a dog or cat to your household, give serious consideration to a senior pet. When weighing the pros and cons, you’ll find that the many advantages far outweigh any disadvantages. As we celebrate Adopt a Senior Pet Month this November, visit your local shelter, and perhaps you’ll fall in love with a senior pet, making the decision easy.

Contact us if you would like to learn more about the benefits of adopting a senior pet, including what to anticipate from a medical perspective.

Adopt a Senior Pet Month – 6 Reasons Why a Senior Dog or Cat Should Be Your Next Pet

Thu, 18 Nov 2021 20:29:00 GMT

1. Love & Loyalty

2. You’re Saving a Life

3. Skip the Puppy and Kitten Training

4. Less Monitoring

5. Awareness of Medical Issues

6. Fewer Surprises

Contact us if you would like to learn more about the benefits of adopting a senior pet, including what to anticipate from a medical perspective.

Everything You Need To Know About Seizures In Dogs

Thu, 11 Nov 2021 18:27:00 GMT

Seizures can be a terrifying event for everyone involved and, unfortunately, are often are a symptom of something much more serious. As veterinarians, we understand that owners may often feel a sense of helplessness when their beloved pet starts to seize. From getting your dog through a seizure and the next steps at your veterinarian’s office, here's everything you need to know.

What Causes Seizures in dogs?

Seizures can be a symptom of a plethora of other problems. The most common cause is epilepsy. Chemicals within their environment can also cause seizures if ingested. These range from but aren't limited to house cleaners, lawn chemical agents, poisonous flowers/mushrooms, and toxic foods for dogs.

Other causes of seizures in dogs are:

Liver disease
Low or high blood sugar
Kidney disease
Electrolyte problems
Anemia
Head injury
Encephalitis
Strokes
Brain cancer

What are the Symptoms of Seizures?

Before a seizure, dogs may look confused, dazed, unsteady, or stare off into the distance. They may also try to hide or act strange. Afterward, they may be disoriented, wobbly, or temporarily blind.

Symptoms of a seizure in dogs include:

Sudden collapsing
Jerking
Stiffening
Muscle twitching
Loss of consciousness
Drooling
Chomping
Tongue chewing

What are the different types of seizures?

Below, we explain the different types of seizures.

Grand mal seizures are the most common type of seizure. During a grand mal seizure, abnormal electrical activity happens in the brain, causing the abnormal behavior before the seizure and the seizure itself. Grand mal seizures tend to last a few seconds to a few minutes.

Focal seizures are localized seizures that affect only certain limbs or one side of the dog. Some focal seizures can turn into more generalized seizures. Psychomotor seizures are unlike typical seizures, as they will cause strange behavior instead of muscle spasms. Behavior may include attacking an imaginary target. These types of seizures are hard to distinguish from quirks the dog may have, but the behavior will always be the same with a psychomotor seizure.

Idiopathic epilepsy is the general term for all other seizures not associated with grand mal, focal, or psychomotor seizures and with an unknown origin. These types of seizures can happen in dogs between 6 months and 6 years and, while any dog can have a seizure, they are more common in Border Collies, Australian Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, Beagles, and German Shepherds.

What to do if your dog has a seizure?

Stay calm. Gently slide your dog away from anything that could hurt them, like furniture or stairs. Stay away from their mouth; they may accidentally bite you. Don't try and put anything in their mouths either. Contrary to popular belief, dogs cannot choke on their tongues. Time it. If you can time it, do so. This will help not only help your veterinarian to figure out what might have caused the seizure, but if the seizure lasts over a few minutes, your dog can overheat. If this happens, place a fan near them and use cold washcloths on their paws to cool them down. If your dog’s seizure lasts for more than five minutes or if they have several in a row while unconscious, bring them in immediately. Prolonged seizures can mean a rise in your dog’s body temperature, which can lead to overheating, problems breathing, and risks of brain damage if the brain isn't getting enough oxygen.

How can a seizure be treated?

While one seizure is nothing to brush off, it is also not typically life-threatening. If your dog has never had a seizure and is not currently under the care of a veterinarian for a seizure disorder, we recommend seeking immediate medical attention.

Your veterinarian will run blood tests and do a complete physical exam to determine the cause of the seizures.

Depending on the cause of the seizures, we may prescribe anticonvulsants to help manage the seizures. Once you start your dog on this medication, they will have to remain on it for the rest of their lives.

We know seizures are unsettling but, as with all medical disorders in pets, the sooner you get your dog treatment, the better the prognosis is likely to be. And with close monitoring and medications , an epileptic dog can live a happy, healthy life . If you think your dog may have suffered a seizure, call us right away so we can figure out the type of seizure and start the appropriate course of treatment.

Everything You Need To Know About Seizures In Dogs

Thu, 11 Nov 2021 18:27:00 GMT

What Causes Seizures in dogs?

Other causes of seizures in dogs are:

Liver disease
Low or high blood sugar
Kidney disease
Electrolyte problems
Anemia
Head injury
Encephalitis
Strokes
Brain cancer

What are the Symptoms of Seizures?

Before a seizure, dogs may look confused, dazed, unsteady, or stare off into the distance. They may also try to hide or act strange. Afterward, they may be disoriented, wobbly, or temporarily blind.

Symptoms of a seizure in dogs include:

Sudden collapsing
Jerking
Stiffening
Muscle twitching
Loss of consciousness
Drooling
Chomping
Tongue chewing

What are the different types of seizures?

Below, we explain the different types of seizures.

What to do if your dog has a seizure?

How can a seizure be treated?

Your veterinarian will run blood tests and do a complete physical exam to determine the cause of the seizures.

How to Ease a Kitten Into A New Home With Stunning Success

Tue, 09 Nov 2021 15:23:00 GMT

There’s nothing quite as exciting as bringing home a new bundle of joy — especially when it’s a furry one! Adding a kitten to your family is a fun and rewarding experience, but it’s important to remember that a new home filled with brand-new sights, sounds, and smells can be frightening for a tiny kitten. After all, your new baby likely just left behind their mother, a litter of playful siblings, and the only home they have ever known.

Fortunately, there are things you can do to make the transition a bit easier.

Whether you are new to pet parenthood or already have a few furry friends at home, we’ve put together this post with some helpful tricks for easing your kitten into their new home.

Stock Up on the Essentials

Shopping for your new kitten before bringing them home is part of the fun! Make sure you have everything your new feline friend will need before you pick them up.

A few essentials you’ll need for your new kitten include:

Bowls for food and water
High-quality kitten food
A low-sided litter box and litter
A soft, cozy bed
A cat brush
A sturdy and well-ventilated cat carrier
A scratching post
Fun toys (We recommend buying a few different kinds so you can figure out what your new best friend prefers)

Set Up Your Kitten’s Space

Setting up a special space for your new kitten is another step you should take before bringing your new pet home. Giving them full access to your entire home will overwhelm them — especially if you have other pets — so we recommend giving them a designated area for them to settle in.

Choose a quiet space away from hectic, noisy areas. A spare bedroom or rarely used bathroom is a good choice. Outfit the space with separate food, water, and litter box areas. Make sure your kitten will have places to hide, too, along with access to a higher area for perching and looking over their new surroundings.

Place your kitten’s bed, blankets, scratching post, and a few toys in the room, too. Before bringing your new friend home, inspect the area to ensure there aren’t any hidden dangers. Secure cupboard doors, remove electrical cords (and anything else that may look like a tempting toy to a kitten), and eliminate access to secret hiding holes. Kittens are mischievous little creatures, and it’s up to you to keep them safe and out of trouble.

Bring Your Furry Friend Home

With everything set up for your new best friend, it’s time to bring them home. For your kitten’s safety, you’ll need a sturdy, well-ventilated cat carrier. To make it a bit cozier and less frightening, consider placing a soft blanket inside.

Place your kitten in the carrier, and make sure the door is secure. Chances are, your new pet won’t love being in a carrier, and you’ll probably hear some loud protests. Don’t fret! A carrier is a new and strange environment for a kitten, and it’s natural for them to feel frightened.

Put the carrier in the backseat of your car, and secure it in place using the seatbelt. Make sure your heating/air conditioning vents are not pointed at your cat. Drive as smoothly and consistently as possible, and keep noise to a minimum. Now isn’t the time to crank up the stereo or drive aggressively! Plan ahead so that you can go straight home without making any stops. The sooner you get your kitten home, the sooner they can get settled.

Gently Introduce Your Cat to Their New Home

Once you have arrived home safely, take your kitten to the room you’ve set up for them. Open the carrier door, but do not force them to come out. Let them explore at their own pace. We understand how tempting it is to shower a new kitten with lots of love as soon as you bring them home, but it’s best to take things slowly. If your furry friend seems frightened, talk to them in a gentle, soothing voice, and offer treats. Give them space to adjust and acclimate to their surroundings. For the first few days, keep them in their own space. Then, gradually let them start exploring other areas of your home as they become more confident.

Let Them Meet Your Family

When introducing your kitten to other members of your family, take things slow. Meeting everyone as soon as they arrive in your home can be overwhelming, so try to make introductions one at a time. Make sure young children know they need to be gentle and calm when interacting with their new family member.

Remember that cats have unique personalities, and some enjoy spending time with people more than others. If your kitten is shy, that’s okay! With time and patience, your kitten should gain confidence and feel comfortable around your family.

Introduce Your Kitten to Other Pets

If you have other pets, introduce your new furry family member to them slowly. Letting them sniff each other from opposite sides of a closed door is a good place to start. Scent swapping is another excellent option. Pet each animal with a clean, soft cloth. Then, put the cloth with your new kitten’s scent in your current pet’s environment and vice versa. This allows all of the animals in your home to get accustomed to each others’ smells before meeting face-to-face. Repeat the process until your pets don’t show any reaction to the scent.

When you are ready to let your pets meet, take things slowly. If you have a dog, keep them on a leash, and don’t let them corner your new kitten. When introducing another cat, watch for signs of aggression. A bit of growling or hissing is typical, but neither cat should physically lash out at the other. Keep a close eye, and separate your pets if you have any reason to suspect that the situation might turn sour.

Schedule Their First Vet Visit

Bringing your cat in for regular exams and wellness services is a huge part of being a responsible pet parent. As veterinarians, we encourage you to schedule your new furry friend’s appointment as soon as possible after bringing them home. With our help, you can start your new bundle of joy off on the right paw with vaccinations , parasite prevention , and other essential services. And as your partner in pet parenthood, we can help you overcome obstacles like choosing the right food and meeting your kitten’s environmental needs.

Contact us today to schedule your precious pet’s first appointment. We can’t wait to meet them and help answer any further questions you have about how to best care for your kitten !

How to Ease a Kitten Into A New Home With Stunning Success

Tue, 09 Nov 2021 15:23:00 GMT

Fortunately, there are things you can do to make the transition a bit easier.

Whether you are new to pet parenthood or already have a few furry friends at home, we’ve put together this post with some helpful tricks for easing your kitten into their new home.

Stock Up on the Essentials

Shopping for your new kitten before bringing them home is part of the fun! Make sure you have everything your new feline friend will need before you pick them up.

A few essentials you’ll need for your new kitten include:

Bowls for food and water
High-quality kitten food
A low-sided litter box and litter
A soft, cozy bed
A cat brush
A sturdy and well-ventilated cat carrier
A scratching post
Fun toys (We recommend buying a few different kinds so you can figure out what your new best friend prefers)

Set Up Your Kitten’s Space

Bring Your Furry Friend Home

Gently Introduce Your Cat to Their New Home

Let Them Meet Your Family

Introduce Your Kitten to Other Pets

Schedule Their First Vet Visit

Contact us today to schedule your precious pet’s first appointment. We can’t wait to meet them and help answer any further questions you have about how to best care for your kitten !

Bon Appetit! The Dos and Don'ts of Cooking For Your Pet

Thu, 28 Oct 2021 16:36:00 GMT

Every year on November 1, pet owners grab their aprons and get to work in the kitchen making a special home-cooked meal for their family pets. On National Cook for Your Pets Day , four-legged family members are treated to the “human food” they so often smell at dinner time but rarely have the luxury of eating. And as veterinarians, we’d like to point out that we generally believe that well-formulated pet food made by a brand with nutritionists on staff is the way to go (more on that later), but we’re never ones to turn down a fun holiday! On this annual day when kibble is tossed aside for something more savory, it’s important to remember the dos and don’ts of feeding your pet homemade food.

Foods That are Potentially Poisonous to Pets

Some foods aren’t just discouraged — they’re potentially fatal to your precious pet despite being healthy for humans. While we’ve included a comprehensive list of foods to avoid below, the AVMA has identified the top seven foods to always avoid feeding your pet.

Avoid the following foods in the special meal you plan for your pets:

Apple seeds
Avocado
Xylitol sweetener
Chocolate
Coffee
Garlic
Grapes
Macadamia nuts
Milk
Onions and onion powder
Raisins
Tomato leaves and stems
Walnuts
Yeast dough

If you’re not 100% sure a particular food is safe for your pet, always consult your veterinarian to confirm and never rely on Google – there is plenty of pet misinformation online.

Foods That Have the Green Light for Pets

There is a sizable list of human foods that can prove beneficial for your cat or dog, many of which are incorporated into meals regularly by pet owners who have chosen to feed their pets homemade food.

Foods that are acceptable for pets to eat include:

Salmon
Bread
Eggs
Spinach
Chicken
Turkey
Broccoli
Peanut butter
Cottage cheese
Cantaloupe
Oatmeal
Bananas
Pumpkin
Blueberries
Apples

Keep Quantities Small

Remember that your pet isn’t used to eating human food regularly, so keep the quantity small. Their digestive systems are vastly different from humans, and typical human food is far too rich and fatty for them to digest properly. Too much human food can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, pancreatitis, and more illnesses in your dog or cat that make them very uncomfortable.

Benefits of Cooking for Your Pets

While there’s plenty of fear-mongering online regarding pet food options for cats and dogs, with many claims of unnatural ingredients and inadequate nutrients, most pet foods are carefully crafted to be nutritionally balanced for the sake of our pets’ long-term health. However, home-cooked meals that utilize a variety of natural, whole foods can also be beneficial for your pets. Knowing exactly what’s going into their meals provides you with more control over their diet, can help alleviate food intolerance issues, and avoids any problems with pet food recalls. The bonus of cooking for your pet is the happiness and joy you bring to their food bowl every day.

Drawbacks of Cooking for Your Pets

Just as there are benefits to cooking for your pets, there are drawbacks as well. The number one concern among veterinarians regarding homemade pet food is ensuring it’s of adequate nutritional value. Nutritional deficiency can lead to obesity or malnutrition and shorten your pet’s lifespan. There is a long list of 40 essential nutrients that pets need, each having a specific role in their body functions. When not provided in adequate amounts, those body functions won’t operate as they should and can lead to health issues. The American Kennel Club provides pet owners with another comprehensive look at the dos and don’ts of homemade dog food.

On this National Cook for Your Pets Day, be sure to consult with us or your own veterinarian before deciding on a meal — and avoid ending this special day with a trip to our clinic by serving something disagreeable to their digestive system.

Bon Appetit! The Dos and Don'ts of Cooking For Your Pet

Thu, 28 Oct 2021 16:36:00 GMT

Foods That are Potentially Poisonous to Pets

Avoid the following foods in the special meal you plan for your pets:

Apple seeds
Avocado
Xylitol sweetener
Chocolate
Coffee
Garlic
Grapes
Macadamia nuts
Milk
Onions and onion powder
Raisins
Tomato leaves and stems
Walnuts
Yeast dough

If you’re not 100% sure a particular food is safe for your pet, always consult your veterinarian to confirm and never rely on Google – there is plenty of pet misinformation online.

Foods That Have the Green Light for Pets

Foods that are acceptable for pets to eat include:

Salmon
Bread
Eggs
Spinach
Chicken
Turkey
Broccoli
Peanut butter
Cottage cheese
Cantaloupe
Oatmeal
Bananas
Pumpkin
Blueberries
Apples

Keep Quantities Small

Benefits of Cooking for Your Pets

Drawbacks of Cooking for Your Pets

Dog Exercise Tips: How to Hike With Your Hound

Tue, 26 Oct 2021 15:20:00 GMT

A favorite activity among outdoor enthusiasts is hiking, and for those who own a dog, it’s an even greater adventure when your four-legged sidekick comes along for the fun. Regardless of the season – whether flowers are blooming or leaves are falling – hiking is great exercise and a wonderful bonding opportunity for you and your pup. However, as with all adventures involving a pet, safety is essential to ensure it’s a positive experience. Let’s explore the top tips for hiking with your dog, and make it an activity you’ll want to repeat time and time again.

No Dogs Allowed

While it’s hard to imagine a spot that isn’t accepting of your cherished dog, you can’t assume that every hiking trail is dog-friendly. Do your homework and check the rules for your destination before leaving home, as bringing your dog to a trail that doesn’t allow them can result in a fine or an irritated hiker. There’s always a justifiable reason for dog restrictions, whether it’s a safety concern such as cliffs or delicate ecosystems that dogs can further damage.

Hiking Etiquette

Once you’ve confirmed your dog is welcomed on the chosen trails, be prepared to follow posted rules and adhere to the National Parks B.A.R.K. rule regardless of your spot.

The B.A.R.K. rules for hiking with your dog include:

B ag your dog’s waste
A lways keep your dog on a leash
R espect wildlife
K now where you’re permitted to go

Safety First

Hitting the hiking trails with your dog is full of unknowns, especially if you’re visiting a route for the first time. You may encounter dangers such as cliffs, wildlife, poisonous berries and plants, and aggressive dogs. Be sure your dog is on a leash at all times, so you’re able to quickly pull them back from a dangerous situation. Be mindful of what they’re exploring and your immediate surroundings. Also, be sure your dog is wearing their ID tags before taking them on a hike, in case the worst happens, and they manage to get away from you in unknown territory. And as always, we highly encourage microchipping your dog in case those tags ever come off.

Keep Your Dog Hydrated

Dogs don’t sweat like humans, making it essential that you bring plenty of water for your dog. While panting is their primary way to stay cool, they’ll need water as well to avoid overheating. Ensuring they have adequate water will also keep them from drinking from puddles or streams, where they might pick up bacteria such as Leptospirosis , which can cause serious gastrointestinal distress as well as organ damage. The AVMA provides a handy list of disease prevention tips for outdoor enthusiasts taking their dog along.

Check for Ticks

During and after your hiking adventure, be sure to check your dog thoroughly for ticks. While your dog is hopefully protected with a tick preventative , nothing is guaranteed, and ticks can cause serious health complications for them and you. Know how to identify a tick and how to safely remove them before you invite your dog along for the fun.

Be Prepared

While you might not want to carry the extra weight, bringing your dog along for a hike means extra supplies. If you want your dog to enjoy the experience and get excited when they’re invited along for the next hike, be prepared.

Be sure you have the following when hiking with your dog:

Water and a dog-friendly, portable water bowl
Dog food if hiking through a mealtime
Treats to reward good hiking behavior
Pet first-aid kit
Pet-safe insect repellent
Dog booties in case the terrain gets rough or hot

While the first hiking adventure might prove to be a bit stressful as your dog acclimates to a new activity and unfamiliar terrain, making it a positive first experience ensures you’ll both want to repeat it. Hiking with your dog is a fantastic form of exercise and special bonding time unmatched by most other activities. Be prepared and follow hiking etiquette, and you might just discover a new shared hobby for you and your loyal companion. If you're seeking other hiking tips, dog exercise advice, or your canine companion is due for their next wellness visit , please don't hesitate to give us a call !

Dog Exercise Tips: How to Hike With Your Hound

Tue, 26 Oct 2021 15:20:00 GMT

No Dogs Allowed

Hiking Etiquette

Once you’ve confirmed your dog is welcomed on the chosen trails, be prepared to follow posted rules and adhere to the National Parks B.A.R.K. rule regardless of your spot.

The B.A.R.K. rules for hiking with your dog include:

B ag your dog’s waste
A lways keep your dog on a leash
R espect wildlife
K now where you’re permitted to go

Safety First

Keep Your Dog Hydrated

Check for Ticks

Be Prepared

Be sure you have the following when hiking with your dog:

Water and a dog-friendly, portable water bowl
Dog food if hiking through a mealtime
Treats to reward good hiking behavior
Pet first-aid kit
Pet-safe insect repellent
Dog booties in case the terrain gets rough or hot

Cat Wellness 101: What Vaccinations Does My Feline Need?

Thu, 23 Sep 2021 19:39:00 GMT

Vaccinating your cat is the best way to protect them from a wide range of contagious — and potentially deadly — diseases. From Rabies to Feline Immunodeficiency Virus, your feline friend could fall victim to many illnesses if you fail to keep them up to date on essential vaccines. Even if you keep your cat strictly indoors, it’s vital to keep their vaccinations updated. It only takes seconds for a cat to slip out a door or window, and if mice or other pests find their way into your home, you never know what types of diseases they could be carrying.

As veterinarians, we’ve seen far too many cats suffering from preventable illnesses because they were not vaccinated. For this reason, we strongly recommend keeping your furry family member up to date on all of their shots. Modern vaccines are safe and highly effective, and the risk of severe side effects is extremely low. If you are wondering what vaccinations your cat needs , keep reading to learn more.

When to Have Your Cat Vaccinated

Kittens should receive their first vaccines when they are 6 to 8 weeks old. We administer these first vaccinations in a series, so you’ll need to bring your kitten in every three weeks until they are roughly 16 weeks old. Then, they need boosters throughout their life. Some boosters are needed annually, while others only need to be administered every three years. If you adopt an older cat with an unknown vaccination history, your veterinarian will decide on the best vaccination protocol. When starting your kitten or adult on vaccinations, we will provide you with an easy-to-understand vaccination schedule and send you reminders to let you know when your feline friend is due for a shot.

Do Indoor Cats Need to Be Vaccinated?

One of the most common misconceptions we hear about feline care is that cats who do not go outside don’t need to be vaccinated. While it’s true that your indoor cat’s vaccine needs may be different from those of an outside cat, every cat needs certain vaccinations.

While your cat isn’t as prone to disease if they stay inside, airborne bacteria and viruses can still enter your home through open doors and windows. Rodents and bats carry disease, too, and they are remarkably good at sneaking into homes through the tiniest of cracks. Plus, even if your cat is usually laid back and does not try to escape, that could change in an instant. Your indoor-only cat could dart out an open door if frightened or in pursuit of prey, and keeping them up to date on their vaccinations is the best way to protect them from disease while they are out on their unauthorized adventure. ( We recommend having your indoor cat microchipped , too, for the same reason.)

Keep in mind that your cat will also need to be up to date on certain shots if you ever take them to a boarding facility. Many groomers require current vaccination records for clients, too. If flying with your cat, the airlines will require a health certificate and proof of vaccine status.

Core Vaccines

We recommend certain vaccines for all cats. They protect against the most common and serious illnesses affecting cats.

These core vaccines for cats include:

Rabies virus
Feline viral rhinotracheitis (also known as herpes virus)
Panleukopenia (also known as feline distemper virus)
Feline calicivirus

The feline viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, and panleukopenia vaccines are often administered using a single combination shot known as the FVRCP vaccine. It is also commonly referred to as the “distemper shot,” even though it protects your cat against other diseases, too.

Non-Core Vaccines

Also known as lifestyle vaccines, we will recommend non-core vaccines for some cats but not others. We recommend these shots based on things like how much time your cat spends outdoors, whether they are frequently around other animals, and what diseases are more prevalent in your local area.

Common Non-Core Vaccines for Cats and Kittens Include:

Feline leukemia: Feline leukemia is a severe viral infection that spreads through bodily fluids, including urine, saliva, milk, and feces. This disease causes cancer and cannot be cured, so preventing it is always the best option. We recommend the feline leukemia vaccine for kittens with a booster shot 12 months later. Future recommendations regarding this vaccine are based on lifestyle factors. We will discuss this with you to help you determine whether your feline family member needs this vaccine.

Bordetella: Bordetella ( Bordetella bronchiseptica ) is the bacteria that causes the highly contagious respiratory disease feline bordetellosis. More commonly known as “kennel cough,” this disease spreads through direct and indirect contact and can even be transmitted between dogs and cats. It spreads rapidly in places where there are a lot of animals, like grooming and boarding facilities. While the bordetella vaccine does not entirely prevent the disease, it will keep your cat from getting extremely sick if exposed to it. If your cat frequents places where there are many other animals, we strongly recommend the Bordetella vaccine.

Wrapping Up

Having your cat vaccinated (and keeping them up to date on booster shots) is a crucial element of being a responsible pet parent. Vaccines effectively prevent cats from needlessly suffering from serious illnesses, and side effects are extremely rare. If you have recently adopted a kitten, having them vaccinated is the best way to set them up on the path to optimal wellness . And if you have an older kitty, it’s never too late to get them on an effective vaccine schedule. As veterinarians, we’re here to help you give your feline family member the best and healthiest life possible. If your furry friend is due for a shot or you would like to learn more about cat vaccinations, give us a call .

Cat Wellness 101: What Vaccinations Does My Feline Need?

Thu, 23 Sep 2021 19:39:00 GMT

When to Have Your Cat Vaccinated

Do Indoor Cats Need to Be Vaccinated?

Core Vaccines

We recommend certain vaccines for all cats. They protect against the most common and serious illnesses affecting cats.

These core vaccines for cats include:

Rabies virus
Feline viral rhinotracheitis (also known as herpes virus)
Panleukopenia (also known as feline distemper virus)
Feline calicivirus

Non-Core Vaccines

Common Non-Core Vaccines for Cats and Kittens Include:

Wrapping Up

10 Ways to Be the Best Cat Owner You Can Be

Thu, 16 Sep 2021 17:54:00 GMT

Just about anyone can be a cat owner. But it takes a special person and some serious effort to be a great cat owner. Sharing your home with a feline friend is about more than feeding them daily and keeping their litter box clean. It’s about creating an environment that meets their needs, keeping them safe, and ensuring they get to spend lots of healthy, happy years by your side. As veterinarians, clients often ask us how they can be better cat owners and what they can do to give their pets the best life possible, especially if they’ve never had cats in their lives before. Here, we will be discussing a few of the many ways to be the best cat owner you can be. Let’s get started!

1. Build a Relationship with a Good Veterinarian

Even if your cat is perfectly healthy, they need to see a vet for routine exams, vaccinations, etc. It is also important to have an established relationship with a veterinarian in case your cat ever gets sick or suffers an injury. If you are new to the area or have recently adopted your first cat, ask your friends and neighbors for vet recommendations. Word of mouth is an excellent way to find the right vet for your feline friend. Once you’ve chosen a vet, be sure to schedule annual wellness exams. Keeping up with preventive care is one of the best ways to be a good pet parent.

2. Keep Grooming Supplies Handy

Cats may be known for their hygiene meticulousness , but that doesn’t mean they are entirely self-sufficient in the grooming department. They need help from their owners, too. Part of being a good pet parent is purchasing appropriate grooming supplies and using them regularly. Learn how to properly groom your cat , and commit to caring for your kitty’s coat and nails frequently. If keeping up with your cat’s grooming needs is a struggle (as it can be for certain long-haired breeds), be prepared to take them to a professional cat groomer. Remember that taking care of your cat's teeth is a critical part of the grooming process, too, and good at-home care will hopefully save you money in vet bills for painful teeth issues.

3. Socialize with Your Cat Frequently

It is a common misconception that cats are antisocial and prefer being left alone. While some cats are more independent than others, they all benefit from spending time with their owners. They need playtime and social interaction – especially as kittens . Just like puppies, young kittens should be exposed to different people, animals, and social situations. This helps them grow into happy, well-adjusted adults.

4. Maximize Vertical Space

Cats love climbing and peering down on their kingdoms from high perches. Being high up creates a sense of comfort and security. And in multi-cat households, height allows felines to establish dominance without physical aggression. Climbing comes naturally to cats, and maximizing the vertical space in your home can also help your cat stay physically fit. Cat trees, wall-mounted stairs or shelves for climbing, and window mounts are all great ways to increase the usable vertical space in your home.

5. Provide Scratching Posts

Like climbing, scratching is a natural behavior for cats . They do it to care for their nails and to mark their territory. And if you don’t provide an appropriate place for your cat to scratch, they will choose a spot, or several spots, to destructively scratch on their own . If you don’t want claw marks on your sofa, door frames, or curtains, buy a few scratching posts and place them around your home. Your cat (and your furniture) will thank you.

6. Clean Their Litter Box Daily

No one enjoys cleaning a litter box. But if you are a cat owner, you need to do it daily. Maintaining a clean litter box is important to your cat’s health and makes them less likely to eliminate in inappropriate places. Keeping up with litter box maintenance prevents unpleasant odors in your home, too. If you have a hard time keeping up with daily scooping, consider investing in an automatic litter box that does the dirty work for you. Stick with one type of kitty litter. If your cat is using the box well, don’t switch the type or scent of the litter. Some cats are very particular in this area.

7. Feed Them the Right Food

Before you grab the most eye-catching bag of cat food off the supermarket shelf, take some time to check out the ingredients list. Many products are loaded with filler ingredients, such as meat by-products, cornmeal, and meat and bone meal, plus preservatives like BHA and BHT. When trying to find the right cat food , look for one with real meat as the first ingredient. Talk to your vet, too, to learn more about what food(s) would best meet your cat’s unique nutritional needs .

8. Train Them

Many people think that cats cannot be trained, but that is a misconception. In reality, it is surprising just how much a cat can be taught. The key is positive reinforcement. Rather than trying to punish them for bad behavior, reward them for good behavior. They will quickly realize that being good gets them treats, cuddles, playtime, etc. And once they realize this, they are much more likely to behave in a manner you deem appropriate.

9. Get Them Some Fun Toys

Even if your cat spends most of their day lounging on the sofa, they would love it if you got them a few toys. From catnip mice to wands with feathers, there are all sorts of cat toys to choose from. There are even things like automatic laser pointers that will give your cat a workout when you are too busy to play with them yourself. Remember that cats can be finicky, though, and you may have to try a few different types before discovering one that your feline friend loves. Rotating toys often also keeps them interested and stimulated.

10. Learn Their Language

No, we don’t mean learning to decode your cat’s meows. Instead, familiarize yourself with feline body language, and pay attention to what your cat is trying to tell you. If they are behaving aggressively for seemingly no reason, for example, it could be a sign that they are in pain or feeling unwell. If they are blinking rapidly or have their ears flattened and pointed to the side, they could be stressed. Learning to understand your cat’s body language allows you to better tend to their needs and build a stronger relationship with them. Giving your furry best friend the best life possible does not have to be difficult. With the tips listed above, you, too, can be a great cat owner. If you have any questions about caring for your cat or they are due for a checkup, give us a call . We would be more than happy to help!

10 Ways to Be the Best Cat Owner You Can Be

Thu, 16 Sep 2021 17:54:00 GMT

1. Build a Relationship with a Good Veterinarian

2. Keep Grooming Supplies Handy

3. Socialize with Your Cat Frequently

4. Maximize Vertical Space

5. Provide Scratching Posts

6. Clean Their Litter Box Daily

7. Feed Them the Right Food

8. Train Them

9. Get Them Some Fun Toys

10. Learn Their Language

Dog Gone It! How to Master the Leash and Get a Polite Walker

Tue, 14 Sep 2021 18:35:00 GMT

Many new dog owners are surprised to learn that their puppy doesn’t instinctively know how to walk politely on a leash. They understand the reality quickly during the first few walks, when their new little fur friend is bolting until they run out of leash or tugging the entire way. Mastering the leash is something that requires training, and it’s surprisingly easy if you know what to do. A few quick steps will have your new puppy “loose leash” walking alongside you instead of pulling you along so that you can both enjoy the many benefits of exercise .

Introduce a Collar or Harness

If they haven’t been wearing one yet, a collar or harness is a new feeling for your puppy that will take some getting used to. Put the collar or harness on them for short periods of time inside, and when they accept it and stop pawing at it, reward them with a treat. This will help them associate their collar or harness with a positive experience.

Teach a Command

Introduce your dog to a sound or word that will become a cue for them that means a treat is coming.

Follow these steps to get your dog to respond and come to you whenever they hear your chosen training word:

Put your dog on a leash inside and make the sound or say the word you’ve chosen. When your dog turns to you, immediately reward them with a treat.
Repeat the process until your dog is coming to you when the sound or word is heard.
After they’ve come to you a few times, start backing up a few steps and only give them the treat as they come toward you.
Continue this process until your dog is coming to you and walking a few paces with you before you give them the treat.
Once you’ve mastered the steps above, take your dog outside on the leash. Use the sound or word whenever they get ahead of you, start tugging, or bolt forward to chase something.

Be patient, as the noises, smells, and small animals and birds you encounter outside will be distracting. Only reward your dog with a treat when they respond to the sound or word, and come to you.

Some trainers and dog owners use clicker training to help achieve the above steps. The American Kennel Club offers some tips and benefits of using clickers to communicate with your dog instead of a sound you make or a word you speak.

Correcting Leash Problems in Older Dogs

If you adopted from a shelter or never took the time to leash train your puppy, it’s not too late to teach an older dog how to walk with a leash properly.

The following are the most common bad walking habits older dogs develop and how to correct them:

Pulling – If your dog constantly yanks the leash and drags you along during walks, stand very still and refuse to walk another step until your dog comes back to you and is ready to proceed. Repeat this until they get the point that you’re not moving if they’re pulling. Bring treats along for positive reinforcement when they proceed without pulling and, instead, walk alongside you.
Bolting – If your dog lunges for everything they encounter during a walk - such as another dog, a squirrel, a person running, or a stick on the ground - distract them with a treat and try to increase the space between your dog and whatever has gotten their attention. This requires being alert and one step ahead of your dog in terms of what’s approaching or what’s in your walking path.
Barking – If your dog tends to bark at everything they see during a walk, from squirrels and birds to other dogs and humans, this could be a sign they lack mental and/or physical stimulation. Treat this scenario much like the bolting issue above, and put more space between your dog and its target. Once you proceed and your dog encounters something else that would typically make them bark, give them a treat before they have the opportunity. They’ll begin to associate seeing another dog or a squirrel with turning their attention to you instead.

You’ve likely noticed these tips include giving your dog a lot of treats, which is a necessary part of positive reinforcement training. As their behaviors are corrected and they consistently demonstrate the proper reactions to what they encounter during a walk, you should gradually reduce the treats. However, keep a few treats with you in case you need to reinforce the training at any point.

As with any dog training, patience and consistency are vital components and especially relevant when it comes to leash training. Yanking or pulling your dog out of frustration can harm them, causing neck injuries, ear and eye problems due to restricted blood flow, thyroid damage , and nerve damage to their front legs. Always choose positive reinforcement when leash training, and you’ll not only avoid injury to your dog, but the training will also be much more effective.

If you’ve tried all of these dog walking tips and are still struggling, a certified trainer may be the answer to securing you a future of safe, fun, and fulfilling dog walks. Give us a call , and we’ll be happy to give you a recommendation!

Dog Gone It! How to Master the Leash and Get a Polite Walker

Tue, 14 Sep 2021 18:35:00 GMT

Introduce a Collar or Harness

Teach a Command

Introduce your dog to a sound or word that will become a cue for them that means a treat is coming.

Follow these steps to get your dog to respond and come to you whenever they hear your chosen training word:

Put your dog on a leash inside and make the sound or say the word you’ve chosen. When your dog turns to you, immediately reward them with a treat.
Repeat the process until your dog is coming to you when the sound or word is heard.
After they’ve come to you a few times, start backing up a few steps and only give them the treat as they come toward you.
Continue this process until your dog is coming to you and walking a few paces with you before you give them the treat.
Once you’ve mastered the steps above, take your dog outside on the leash. Use the sound or word whenever they get ahead of you, start tugging, or bolt forward to chase something.

Be patient, as the noises, smells, and small animals and birds you encounter outside will be distracting. Only reward your dog with a treat when they respond to the sound or word, and come to you.

Correcting Leash Problems in Older Dogs

If you adopted from a shelter or never took the time to leash train your puppy, it’s not too late to teach an older dog how to walk with a leash properly.

The following are the most common bad walking habits older dogs develop and how to correct them:

Pulling – If your dog constantly yanks the leash and drags you along during walks, stand very still and refuse to walk another step until your dog comes back to you and is ready to proceed. Repeat this until they get the point that you’re not moving if they’re pulling. Bring treats along for positive reinforcement when they proceed without pulling and, instead, walk alongside you.
Bolting – If your dog lunges for everything they encounter during a walk - such as another dog, a squirrel, a person running, or a stick on the ground - distract them with a treat and try to increase the space between your dog and whatever has gotten their attention. This requires being alert and one step ahead of your dog in terms of what’s approaching or what’s in your walking path.
Barking – If your dog tends to bark at everything they see during a walk, from squirrels and birds to other dogs and humans, this could be a sign they lack mental and/or physical stimulation. Treat this scenario much like the bolting issue above, and put more space between your dog and its target. Once you proceed and your dog encounters something else that would typically make them bark, give them a treat before they have the opportunity. They’ll begin to associate seeing another dog or a squirrel with turning their attention to you instead.

The Secret to a Safe But Fun Labor Day Weekend With Your Pets

Thu, 02 Sep 2021 00:46:00 GMT

Labor Day Weekend marks the unofficial end of summer, and it’s the perfect time to make a few more memories before the onset of autumn. Whether you are spending the holiday at home, hanging out with friends and family, or squeezing in a last-minute vacation, it’s crucial to keep your pet’s safety in mind. Like any holiday, Labor Day poses some risks to your furry friend. Here are a few tips for enjoying a safe and happy holiday weekend with your dog or cat.

Travel Tips

If you are heading out of town this weekend and plan on taking your pet with you , you’ll need to make some adjustments to your itinerary. You already know you should never leave your pet alone in your vehicle during warm weather, but that’s not the only thing to keep in mind.

There are several essential steps to keeping your pet safe while traveling, including:

Schedule water and potty breaks. When planning out your trip, look for pet-friendly rest stops where your furry friend can relieve themself. This will help them stay comfortable while preventing unpleasant accidents.
Check their ID tag and microchip. Before heading out, make sure your pet’s identification tag information is accurate and easy to read. Log into your cat or dog's microchip account , too, to make sure your contact information is up to date.
Pack your pet’s medical records. When traveling with your pet, always pack copies of medical records, including vaccination records , medical history, and information regarding any prescription medications they take.
Buckle them up! Just like everyone else in your family, your pet needs to be buckled in while on the road. We all know how happy dogs are with their heads out of car windows, but it’s not safe for them, particularly on long car rides. Protect your pet by placing them in a secure crate or carrier and attaching it to the seat belt. Pet seat belts and harnesses work well, too. If you haven’t done this before, you might consider taking some test drives around town in the weeks leading up to your travels.
Provide lots of water. Make sure you have plenty of water for your pet and be sure to pack a collapsible or non-breakable bowl so that they can stay hydrated while on the go.

Outdoor Safety

Whether you are traveling or staying close to home, keep your pet safe when spending time outdoors. Always keep a close eye on your pet when they are in or near water. If your Labor Day plans involve hitting a lake or ocean on a boat, outfit your furry friend with a well-fitting life jacket. Even if they are a strong swimmer, they could become fatigued in the hot summer sun and be at risk for drowning. Ensure your pet has access to water and shade if you are spending time outdoors on a hot, sunny day. Pets dehydrate quickly, and heatstroke can be deadly . Never leave your dog or cat unattended in a vehicle — even with the air conditioner running.

Cookout Concerns

There’s no better way to say goodbye to summer than with a cookout. Unfortunately, your backyard BBQ poses a threat to your four-legged family member.

Keep these cookout safety tips in mind when you have pets:

Bones and fat trimmings may be yummy, but they are not appropriate treats for your pet. Bones can cause choking and damage your pet’s intestinal tract, and greasy food can cause pancreatitis.
Onions, garlic, and many other foods are toxic to animals . Protect your furry friend by learning more about foods that are toxic to pets.
A hot grill can cause severe burns in seconds. Keep pets away from cooking areas.
BBQ skewers are dangerous for dogs. They taste terrific but can cause damage to the stomach and can lead to an obstruction. Also, BBQ drippings that fall onto rocks or mulch are tasty too. Ensure your dog does not have access to these items.

Remember that loud noises are stressful to animals. If your holiday festivities include loud music, fireworks, or other noisy activities, keep your pet inside where they can relax. They’ll be much happier hanging out in a cool, dark room with some soft music than they would be amid the chaos of a party.

Staying Safe at Home

Sometimes, home is the safest place for your pet. If you leave your dog or cat home this Labor Day weekend, make sure their sitter knows how to keep them safe.

Your pet sitter’s instructions should include:

Information about your cat or dog's daily activities
Instructions for feeding
List of your cat or dog's medications with detailed instructions
Phone number and address for your primary veterinarian and a local emergency clinic
A copy of your pet insurance policy and card Information on how to contact you in an emergency

Conclusion

No matter your plans this holiday weekend, be sure to keep your pet’s safety and comfort in mind. It takes just seconds for disaster to strike, but with careful planning, you can protect your dog or cat from many of the most common problems.

If you do run into any issues this weekend (or any other time), we are here to help. As your pet’s veterinarian, we will provide the expert care they need to start feeling like themselves again as quickly as possible. We also offer wellness care to help keep problems at bay. Contact us today to schedule an appointment .

The Secret to a Safe But Fun Labor Day Weekend With Your Pets

Thu, 02 Sep 2021 00:46:00 GMT

Travel Tips

There are several essential steps to keeping your pet safe while traveling, including:

Schedule water and potty breaks. When planning out your trip, look for pet-friendly rest stops where your furry friend can relieve themself. This will help them stay comfortable while preventing unpleasant accidents.
Check their ID tag and microchip. Before heading out, make sure your pet’s identification tag information is accurate and easy to read. Log into your cat or dog's microchip account , too, to make sure your contact information is up to date.
Pack your pet’s medical records. When traveling with your pet, always pack copies of medical records, including vaccination records , medical history, and information regarding any prescription medications they take.
Buckle them up! Just like everyone else in your family, your pet needs to be buckled in while on the road. We all know how happy dogs are with their heads out of car windows, but it’s not safe for them, particularly on long car rides. Protect your pet by placing them in a secure crate or carrier and attaching it to the seat belt. Pet seat belts and harnesses work well, too. If you haven’t done this before, you might consider taking some test drives around town in the weeks leading up to your travels.
Provide lots of water. Make sure you have plenty of water for your pet and be sure to pack a collapsible or non-breakable bowl so that they can stay hydrated while on the go.

Outdoor Safety

Cookout Concerns

There’s no better way to say goodbye to summer than with a cookout. Unfortunately, your backyard BBQ poses a threat to your four-legged family member.

Keep these cookout safety tips in mind when you have pets:

Bones and fat trimmings may be yummy, but they are not appropriate treats for your pet. Bones can cause choking and damage your pet’s intestinal tract, and greasy food can cause pancreatitis.
Onions, garlic, and many other foods are toxic to animals . Protect your furry friend by learning more about foods that are toxic to pets.
A hot grill can cause severe burns in seconds. Keep pets away from cooking areas.
BBQ skewers are dangerous for dogs. They taste terrific but can cause damage to the stomach and can lead to an obstruction. Also, BBQ drippings that fall onto rocks or mulch are tasty too. Ensure your dog does not have access to these items.

Staying Safe at Home

Sometimes, home is the safest place for your pet. If you leave your dog or cat home this Labor Day weekend, make sure their sitter knows how to keep them safe.

Your pet sitter’s instructions should include:

Information about your cat or dog's daily activities
Instructions for feeding
List of your cat or dog's medications with detailed instructions
Phone number and address for your primary veterinarian and a local emergency clinic
A copy of your pet insurance policy and card Information on how to contact you in an emergency

Conclusion

Rainbow Bridge Remembrance Day: How to Prepare Your Kids for Losing a Precious Pet

Tue, 24 Aug 2021 15:03:00 GMT

Rainbow Bridge Remembrance Day is honored every August 28, when countless pet owners remember and celebrate the beloved pets that are no longer with them. This special day recognizes that while our pets have passed on, they are never forgotten. As veterinarians, we understand that pet loss impacts people of all ages, but it is especially upsetting for children. Many children, for example, have had the family dog in their life since they were born. For other children, the loss of a pet might be their first experience with grief. To help your kids through the process, we’ve put together the following list of suggestions to help them prepare for the inevitable loss of their pet.

Children’s Books Focused on Pet Loss

An excellent way to introduce the fact that their pet will pass on someday is to include books on this topic among the other children’s books in their collection. Without directly addressing this sensitive subject with young children, you are educating them about the process, and they will relate back to these storybook characters when the unfortunate day arrives for them.

A few highly-rated children’s books include:

Fairy Dog Heaven by Patrese Fischer

The Invisible Leash by Patrice Karst

The Rainbow Bridge: A Visit to Pet Paradise by Adrian Raeside

Look for Teachable Moments

As your pet ages, they’ll begin showing signs of slowing down. For example, your children might notice their dog doesn’t run as quickly or often, struggles to jump up onto the couch, and sleeps more often. They might begin taking medications to help with chronic medical conditions that have developed with age. As your children verbalize the changes they see in their pet or watch you give the pet their medications, use these as teachable moments to talk about the aging process and the fact that their dog or cat is getting older . This will ease the trauma of the loss when it happens, as they’ll have understood for a period that their pet was changing and slowing down because of their older age.

Be Careful with the Phrase “Putting Them to Sleep”

Parents often want to tread lightly on sensitive subjects, including grief. However, this can sometimes do more harm than good. One such example is being lighthearted on the subject of an imminent pet loss by using the phrase “putting them to sleep.” Many parents want to prepare their children for the loss by letting them know ahead of time and choose to use this phrase to avoid the specifics of death and dying. However, this can lead to children becoming fearful of going to sleep themselves, being too young to understand the actual meaning of the phrase. Be direct and honest with what is happening.

Talk About Grief Before They Feel Grief

How you address the subject of grief depends entirely on your children’s age, but discussing the emotion before they feel it will help them deal with it better when they’re in the grips of it. A conversation will normalize the feeling for them, so they understand it’s another feeling similar to sadness, anger, and frustration – which they already know are acceptable emotions that are each dealt with in their ways.

Discuss Memorial Plan Services For Your Beloved Pet

If the loss of your pet is imminent, it might be helpful to discuss what a memorial service is with your children and what they would like to do for their pet when the sad day arrives. This will mentally and emotionally prepare them for what’s coming and give them a sense of pride that they have helped to plan a special day for their beloved pet. Encourage them to have stories ready to tell of their favorite times with their pet, have them draw pictures of their pet to display at the service, and let them create a guest list of everyone who loved their pet.

As parents, it’s helpful to understand what children will know about grief at certain ages. RainbowBridge.com offers a useful article about the grieving process based on their age, as well as tips for helping your grieving child. For this upcoming Rainbow Bridge Remembrance Day on August 28, start to think about your pet’s stage of life and when you should begin to introduce some of the above ideas. As always, we are here for you and your aging pet. If you’d like to discuss the possibility of euthanasia or how to care for a senior dog or cat, never hesitate to give us a call .

Rainbow Bridge Remembrance Day: How to Prepare Your Kids for Losing a Precious Pet

Tue, 24 Aug 2021 15:03:00 GMT

Children’s Books Focused on Pet Loss

A few highly-rated children’s books include:

Fairy Dog Heaven by Patrese Fischer

The Invisible Leash by Patrice Karst

The Rainbow Bridge: A Visit to Pet Paradise by Adrian Raeside

Look for Teachable Moments

Be Careful with the Phrase “Putting Them to Sleep”

Talk About Grief Before They Feel Grief

Discuss Memorial Plan Services For Your Beloved Pet

Bad Behavior, Loneliness, Separation Anxiety, Oh My! Is It Time for Doggy Daycare?

Thu, 19 Aug 2021 21:01:00 GMT

According to the Washington Post , there were 26,000 more pet adoptions in the first nine months of the Coronavirus pandemic than the year before, January 6, 2021. Puppies purchased from breeders were also dramatically increased. Rover.com polled 1000 owners and 68% of Generation Z owners, and 42% of millennials plan to hire dog walkers or reserve spots in doggy daycare for their transition back to the workplace. Unfortunately, veterinarians have seen an uptick in a lack of dog training and socialization, which has made the back-to-work transition stressful for both the dog and owner.

What is your plan for your new dog?

People working from home found they had more time to care for a dog. Families with children in distance learning programs relished the opportunity to bring home a new furry friend. These pets settled in comfortably with their owners. In fact, they lived side by side nearly 24 hours a day, seven days a week. As the time rolls near for these pet owners to transition into the workplace and resume their other sports and hobbies, 30% of owners have sought advice from veterinarians on making this transition easier for their pets. Veterinarians agree that dogs require proper healthcare , good nutrition , physical activity, and mental stimulation.

Doggy Daycare Provides 6 Important Opportunities for Your Dog

Dogs are very social animals, and sometimes our lives are too busy for us to give them the constant attention and stimulation they need. Most dogs thrive on social time with other dogs and dog-loving people. Dog Daycare is an opportunity for your dog to develop social, physical, and mental skills over time by attending dog daycare several days each week. Although it may not be right for every dog, doggy daycare can provide some amazing benefits that will carry over into your home life.

Six benefits of doggy daycare are:

1. Building social skills to be better citizens with people and other dogs

2. Developing Independence to discourage separation anxiety

3. Exercising to relieve boredom to prevent destructive behaviors

4. Making new fur and human friends to relieve loneliness instead of being left at home

5. Being mentally stimulated with enrichment activities and puzzles

6. Having fun with an exciting day of play inside and out

What Can Happen If My Dog Does Not Adjust Well To Being Alone?

When dogs lack appropriate exercise and social stimulation and are left alone with built-up energy or are mentally bored, undesirable behaviors can develop. Excessive barking, house soiling, destructive chewing, self-harm, and separation anxiety can occur. And the last thing we want to see as veterinarians is for you to have to rehome your canine companion.

What is Separation Anxiety?

When you acquire a new puppy or dog into your household, it is essential to train them to have proper house-breaking skills and learn manners about chewing and barking. Most pets learn these skills easily and quickly.

However, sometimes that same dog changes their behavior as you prepare to leave home or when they have been left alone. They may display symptoms of distress such as anxiety or excessive drooling triggered by the separation from their caretaker. A dog with separation anxiety will often begin barking and displaying distress behaviors within a short time after being left alone—often within minutes.

Some of the things that dogs with separation anxiety may do are:

Urinate or defecate
Bark or howl
Chew things other than their chew toys
Dig and destroy bedding or furniture
Injure themselves trying to escape from their environment

Is Dog Daycare Right For Every Dog?

Dog daycare is an excellent option for many puppies, adult dogs, and senior dogs. Most dogs socialize well, enjoy playing with other dogs, and love the staff’s interactions. They come home tired, relaxed, and are happy to return another day.

Some dogs may not enjoy dog daycare. In these cases, owners can make alternate arrangements for their dogs. Dog walkers that come to your home and interact with your dog one-on-one may be a great option.

It is critical to set your new dog on the right course to maximize his success in becoming the trusted family member you were expecting.

Some of the things you can do to ensure your dog is well-adjusted are:

Socialize your dog well.
Teach them appropriate home manners.
Schedule plenty of exercise.
Leave your dog for short periods before you make a significant transition, like returning to work full time to get them used to it—you can even give put your dog’s favorite treat or toy in their crate (if you use a crate when you’re gone) so that they associate you leaving with something positive.
Plan and budget for the times you will be gone.

Many pet parents even schedule dog walkers and dog daycare even when they are working from home! Perhaps enrolling your dog in dog daycare is right for you, your dog, and your family. If you have any questions about what might be the best option for your dog when you’re at work or elsewhere, don’t hesitate to give us a call for recommendations .

Bad Behavior, Loneliness, Separation Anxiety, Oh My! Is It Time for Doggy Daycare?

Thu, 19 Aug 2021 21:01:00 GMT

What is your plan for your new dog?

Doggy Daycare Provides 6 Important Opportunities for Your Dog

Six benefits of doggy daycare are:

1. Building social skills to be better citizens with people and other dogs

2. Developing Independence to discourage separation anxiety

3. Exercising to relieve boredom to prevent destructive behaviors

4. Making new fur and human friends to relieve loneliness instead of being left at home

5. Being mentally stimulated with enrichment activities and puzzles

6. Having fun with an exciting day of play inside and out

What Can Happen If My Dog Does Not Adjust Well To Being Alone?

What is Separation Anxiety?

Some of the things that dogs with separation anxiety may do are:

Urinate or defecate
Bark or howl
Chew things other than their chew toys
Dig and destroy bedding or furniture
Injure themselves trying to escape from their environment

Is Dog Daycare Right For Every Dog?

It is critical to set your new dog on the right course to maximize his success in becoming the trusted family member you were expecting.

Some of the things you can do to ensure your dog is well-adjusted are:

Socialize your dog well.
Teach them appropriate home manners.
Schedule plenty of exercise.
Leave your dog for short periods before you make a significant transition, like returning to work full time to get them used to it—you can even give put your dog’s favorite treat or toy in their crate (if you use a crate when you’re gone) so that they associate you leaving with something positive.
Plan and budget for the times you will be gone.

Mythbusters, Dog Edition: 8 Things Your Veterinarian Wants You to Know

Thu, 12 Aug 2021 18:37:00 GMT

Myths follow us through life, from the idea that lightning won’t strike twice in the same place to the infamous penny thrown off the Empire State Building being lethal for an unsuspecting pedestrian below. Our dogs are no exception, being the subject of many myths themselves. As veterinarians, we want to correct as many misconceptions as possible so owners can steer clear of falsehoods and let their dogs live their best lives. Following are some of the most common we hear, and the truth behind them.

Myth #1 – Your Dog’s Nose is Trying to Tell You Something

It’s been said that a dog’s nose being cold, warm, dry, or wet is a tell-tale sign of something. However, veterinarians don’t know what that “something” is. A wet nose is considered normal, but a dry nose isn’t abnormal. The temperature and moistness of a dog’s nose is not an indicator of overall health, with some dogs just having naturally dryer or wetter noses than others. In some instances, dog owners may even find that it changes, with their dog tending to have a warm, dry nose after a nap or exercise and a wet nose while cuddling.

Myth #2 – Your Dog’s Mouth is Clean and Even Antiseptic

Everyone loves those sloppy kisses from their dog, but veterinarians will tell you the idea that it’s clean – and even antiseptic – is far from the truth since they carry more than 200 different types of bacteria in their mouth. While those kisses are certainly a sign of affection, that same tongue also serves the purpose of self-cleaning for your dog, including their private parts.

Myth #3 – Feeding Your Dog Human Food is Never a Good Idea

This myth gives veterinarians pause because quality pet food should contain a good amount of “human” food, such as chicken, beef, and grains.

Some human foods are toxic to dogs, such as:

Chocolate
Grapes
Raisins
Garlic
Avocados
Onions and Onion Powder

Visit HumaneSociety.org for a complete list of foods that are toxic to dogs . There is no harm in sharing a piece of your apple or a thin slice of turkey on Thanksgiving Day. Cooked vegetables are also healthy foods for dogs .

Some healthy human food options for dogs are:

Green beans
Zucchini
Cauliflower
Leafy greens

All of the above provide fiber and phytonutrients that are good for us and our canine companions. Talk to your vet about supplementing your dog’s diet with healthy human foods.

Myth #4 – Dogs Need to be Punished for Unacceptable Behavior

When our dog does something we don’t like, whether chewing our favorite sneakers or eliminating in the house, owners feel compelled to punish them. However, punishing a pet only leads to one thing – fear of their owner. It’s difficult for a dog to correlate your punishment to the action that made you upset, leading only to confusion and fear instead of the desired outcome of behavior correction . The more effective approach is redirection and positive reinforcement when they do good, and they’ll repeat only those good behaviors.

Myth #5 – One Human Year Equals Seven Dog Years

Among the most popular myths, veterinarians believe this misconception originated when the average human life span was 70 years old, and their dogs tended to live until approximately 10 years old. Simple math and owners deduced the “one human year = 7 dog years” theory. However, there is no actual data behind this theory, with research pointing to the fact that a dog’s lifespan is directly related to their size and chronologic age. Smaller dogs tend to live longer and therefore age more slowly than giant breeds.

Myth #6 – Dogs Should be Groomed Shorter in the Summer to Keep them Cool

While many dog owners follow this theory, thinking they’re doing their dog a favor and keeping them cooler in warm seasons, they’re not actually achieving the desired outcome for their dog. Dogs of all breeds have adapted to accommodate seasonal changes and will shed more or less at different times of the year to keep themselves comfortable in various types of weather. It is essential to keep dogs with long coats free of mats with regular brushing to help them shed properly. Cutting a dog’s hair too short in the summer could also lead to sunburns and sun-related skin cancers.

Myth #7 – You Can’t Teach an Old Dog New Tricks

While training is never easy, any dog at any age can be successfully trained. It’s just a matter of repetition, persistence, and rewarding the desired behavior when your dog demonstrates it. Age is rarely the problem – it’s more likely a lack of consistency by the owner. A study was conducted on dogs under 1-year-old and dogs older than 10, all given the same trick to learn. While it took the older dogs twice as long to learn the trick, they did master it and retained the training long-term.

Myth #8 – All Dogs Despise Going to the Vet

We try not to take this myth personally. While there is a bit of truth to this one regarding cats, it’s simply not true that dogs feel tortured visiting their vet, as they enjoy an environment explicitly suited for them, and we give them loads of special attention and yummy food rewards. Veterinarians put a lot of effort into making visits a pleasant experience, so dogs trust us and allow us to approach them for thorough examinations. Veterinarians see plenty of wagging tails and receive plenty of dog kisses from their visitors – and many are excitedly greeted like a long-lost friend who has returned.

As a dog owner, if you read or hear something about dogs that makes you curious, just ask at your next appointment or call your veterinarian. We are here to answer all your questions and would rather clarify the facts than allow dog owners to assume anything about their dogs. If you have a pressing question, or perhaps your dog is overdue for their next well appointment , please give us a call !

Mythbusters, Dog Edition: 8 Things Your Veterinarian Wants You to Know

Thu, 12 Aug 2021 18:37:00 GMT

Myth #1 – Your Dog’s Nose is Trying to Tell You Something

Myth #2 – Your Dog’s Mouth is Clean and Even Antiseptic

Myth #3 – Feeding Your Dog Human Food is Never a Good Idea

This myth gives veterinarians pause because quality pet food should contain a good amount of “human” food, such as chicken, beef, and grains.

Some human foods are toxic to dogs, such as:

Chocolate
Grapes
Raisins
Garlic
Avocados
Onions and Onion Powder

Some healthy human food options for dogs are:

Green beans
Zucchini
Cauliflower
Leafy greens

All of the above provide fiber and phytonutrients that are good for us and our canine companions. Talk to your vet about supplementing your dog’s diet with healthy human foods.

Myth #4 – Dogs Need to be Punished for Unacceptable Behavior

Myth #5 – One Human Year Equals Seven Dog Years

Myth #6 – Dogs Should be Groomed Shorter in the Summer to Keep them Cool

Myth #7 – You Can’t Teach an Old Dog New Tricks

Myth #8 – All Dogs Despise Going to the Vet

How to Channel the Thrill of the Hunt For Your Favorite Feline

Thu, 05 Aug 2021 22:46:00 GMT

Underneath your cat’s fluffy and adorable exterior, a mighty hunter lurks . As obligate carnivores, cats are born predators. For most indoor kitties, though, the closest they get to hunting is strolling to their food dish. Cats who cannot engage their natural instincts often become bored, and some develop behavioral issues , such as aggression.

As veterinarians, we strongly recommend keeping your cat indoors for their safety. That doesn’t mean you can’t indulge their predatory instincts, though. In this blog post, we will be discussing some of the many ways to fulfill your indoor cat’s desire to hunt without putting their health at risk or allowing them to harm your local wildlife. Let’s go!

Provide Views of the Great Outdoors

For some cats, keeping an eye on the outside world is almost as good as hunting. Simply setting up a spot where they can peer at birds and squirrels through a window might be enough.

Watch for signs of frustration, though. While many cats are perfectly happy chattering at wildlife they can’t get to; others could develop aggression due to their frustration . Keep an eye on your cat’s behavior to determine whether viewing the outdoors is a healthy outlet for them.

Let Them Explore the Outdoors Safely

An outdoor patio, or what's been aptly named the catio, is an excellent solution for keeping your cat (and the birds) safe while allowing them to venture outside. Setting up an enclosure with a fine mesh covering will enable them to enjoy the fresh air without the risk of getting lost or killing wildlife.

Another option is training your cat to wear a harness and walk on a leash. This works best with kittens and young cats, but some older cats can be trained, too. Once trained, you can take your cat on walks around the neighborhood. However, keep in mind that leashed cats must be supervised at all times and should never be left tied to a tree or post.

Provide Access to High Perches in Your Home

Even when they are not actively hunting, cats love looking over their surroundings from high perches. Maximizing the vertical space and providing access to high perches creates a sense of security and makes your cat feel like the king (or queen) of their domain. Giving your kitty a birds’ eye view helps satisfy their inner hunter.

Prioritize Interactive Play

Interactive play is vital for cats. In addition to keeping them active, it drives their predator instinct and fulfills their desire to hunt. When shopping for cat toys , the key is to look for interactive ones. Cats quickly become bored with toys that don’t move because they do not simulate prey.

Feather toys are favorites for most cats because they mimic the behavior and appearance of birds. Catnip mice are great, too, especially when attached to a string and pulled around the house for your cat to chase. Invest in several interactive toys, and change them out regularly to keep your cat engaged.

During playtime, be sure to let the kitty catch the toy once in a while. This will give them the thrill and satisfaction of a successful “kill.” Be sure to put away all toys with strings or ribbons after playtime. Cats are often tempted to swallow string-like items, which can cause an obstruction in their gut.

Keep Them Busy While You’re Away

When you can’t be home playing with your cat, leave out safe toys that encourage them to play. Puzzle toys and interactive feeders are great options. In addition to encouraging your cat to “hunt” for meals, these toys provide the satisfaction of a successful hunt in the form of food or a tasty treat.

Be mindful when choosing toys for your cat to enjoy while you are away. Make sure they are of high quality and don’t pose a choking or strangulation hazard.

Try a Laser Pointer

Laser pointers are great for interactive play. They engage cats’ hunting instincts and make it easy to play with your feline friend even when you’re exhausted after a long day at work. Always use lasers with caution, though, and do not shine them in your cat’s eyes as they can do serious damage.

To avoid frustration, end each laser play session by pointing the dot at prey your cat can “kill.” Something like a catnip kicker toy that they can really sink their claws into is a good option. The key is making sure there’s some reward to make your cat feel like the hunt was successful. If your cat seems overly frustrated because they cannot catch the laser dot, stick to playing with physical toys they can capture.

A cat’s predatory instincts don’t disappear just because they live indoors. By providing the proper stimulation and environmental enrichment, you can satisfy those instincts while keeping your cat (and your local wildlife) safe. In doing so, you can prevent boredom and frustration and keep behavioral issues at bay.

As your cat’s vet, we are here to help you give them the best life possible. Whether you need help with behavioral issues or advice on creating a more stimulating environment for your feline friend, we encourage you to reach out to us. Contact us today for the expert veterinary advice you need.

How to Channel the Thrill of the Hunt For Your Favorite Feline

Thu, 05 Aug 2021 22:46:00 GMT

Provide Views of the Great Outdoors

For some cats, keeping an eye on the outside world is almost as good as hunting. Simply setting up a spot where they can peer at birds and squirrels through a window might be enough.

Let Them Explore the Outdoors Safely

Provide Access to High Perches in Your Home

Prioritize Interactive Play

Keep Them Busy While You’re Away

Be mindful when choosing toys for your cat to enjoy while you are away. Make sure they are of high quality and don’t pose a choking or strangulation hazard.

Try a Laser Pointer

The Secret to Dog Training: Why Positive Reinforcement Works But Punishment Doesn't

Thu, 22 Jul 2021 14:56:00 GMT

It’s a hard concept to digest, but it’s been proven time and time again that dogs respond best to positive reinforcement over punishment – so get ready for extra praise, plenty of ear scratches, and a stockpile of treats if your dog needs training or has some behavioral corrections to make. We know that training a dog and, in particular, a puppy can be challenging and even frustrating but, as veterinarians, we also know that yelling and berating versus positive reinforcement is not going to work. And far too often we see dogs get rehomed because of behavior issues that result because of this. In fact, a recent VICE article on dog trainer Mark Patrick notes that there has been a frightening surge in severe behavior problems since the pandemic, as many owners didn’t take the time to socialize or properly train their dog before going back to work. To avoid this pitfall, read on to find out more about why positive reinforcement works and punishment doesn’t, and how to incorporate some simple dog training tips at home.

What is positive reinforcement?

Positive reinforcement means you avoid disciplining your dog when bad behaviors occur, and instead reward positive behaviors when they happen. This tells your dog they did well and increases the likelihood they will repeat the action.

Positive reinforcements can include:

Excited praise
Treats or even some kibble they enjoy
Spontaneous playtime
Long walks
Car rides

Just be sure the positive reinforcement is given immediately following the positive behavior, so the dog associates the reward with their actions.

Benefits of Positive Reinforcement

There are many benefits to positive reinforcement, and some of them are as follows:

Positive Reinforcement Establishes Communication

Using positive reinforcement is the most effective way to communicate with your dog, unlike negative reinforcement which can result in your dog becoming fearful of you. Dogs are very eager to please their owners, and positive reinforcement lets them know their behavior was good and gives them a solid indication of how to keep making you happy. It leads to an eager dog that is easy to teach and wants to listen, knowing the correct behavior means a happy owner and a treat or activity they enjoy. Positive reinforcement teaches a dog to dislike the same behaviors you dislike, establishing a method of communication that works for you both.

Positive Reinforcement Strengthens Your Bond

Dog owners consider their dogs to be a friend and companion that is part of their family. The strategy of positive reinforcement helps reinforce that bond, providing your dog with a level of confidence and trust that isn’t easily achieved with other methods of training. Standard training methods with professional trainers might teach your dog how to behave and follow basic commands, but positive reinforcement by an owner leads to a strong relationship built on mutual understanding.

Positive Reinforcement Offers Mental Stimulation

A lesser-known fact about dogs is that boredom is a significant contributor to behavioral issues, with them acting out in ways such as digging or chewing objects other than their toys. Training with positive reinforcement keeps them engaged and their boredom at bay. Daily training sessions that work on their issues and result in play sessions, walks, and cuddles burn off energy and keep them occupied.

Positive Reinforcement Offers Consistency and Helps Develop Patience

Dogs are creatures of habit, and they don’t possess a great deal of patience. With positive reinforcement, everyone living in your household needs to be part of the process, handling the training the same way and offering the same positive reinforcements. Over time, this will be rewarded by your dog consistently exhibiting positive behaviors with everyone in the home, and they’ll learn patience since they trust and understand a reward is coming as long as they continue the good behavior.

Why Punishment Doesn’t Work in Dog Training

Punishment isn’t a very clear process for dogs, with them easily misconstruing what they’ve done wrong. For example, having an accident on the living room carpet which results in yelling and putting them in their crate might seem like the logical thing to do. However, that dog may interpret those consequences as meaning it’s not acceptable to eliminate in that particular spot, so they will start hiding their accidents in random places around the home. Punishment creates a communication issue, which positive reinforcement avoids. The proper thing to do in this scenario is to immediately take them outside and demonstrate that is the appropriate location for them to eliminate. When they do eliminate outside, reward and praise them.

Punishment can also be degrading to your dog, leaving them detached and unmotivated. Positive reinforcement is best demonstrated by relating it to a human-to-human relationship. If you make a mistake at work, physical aggressiveness or yelling by your boss leaves you feeling ashamed, degraded, and unmotivated. A more constructive conversation that addresses the root of the problem and a solution to avoid it from happening again leaves you feeling relieved, grateful, and motivated. Giving your dog negative versus positive reinforcement has the same results.

The American Kennel Club has some great tips for rewarding your dog when training, to ensure you’re maximizing the training experience and being as effective as possible. Of course, we’re happy to help as well, as the last thing we want to have happen is for you to have to rehome your dog due to behavior issues. Give us a call and we can talk you through some strategies or recommend a professional dog trainer.

The Secret to Dog Training: Why Positive Reinforcement Works But Punishment Doesn't

Thu, 22 Jul 2021 14:56:00 GMT

What is positive reinforcement?

Positive reinforcements can include:

Excited praise
Treats or even some kibble they enjoy
Spontaneous playtime
Long walks
Car rides

Just be sure the positive reinforcement is given immediately following the positive behavior, so the dog associates the reward with their actions.

Benefits of Positive Reinforcement

There are many benefits to positive reinforcement, and some of them are as follows:

Positive Reinforcement Establishes Communication

Positive Reinforcement Strengthens Your Bond

Positive Reinforcement Offers Mental Stimulation

Positive Reinforcement Offers Consistency and Helps Develop Patience

Why Punishment Doesn’t Work in Dog Training

How to Make Your Home More Senior Cat-Friendly

Tue, 20 Jul 2021 20:53:00 GMT

When you adopted your new kitten several years ago, you likely took steps to “ kitten proof ” your home and make it safer for your new furry family member. You may have relocated breakable décor, locked up cleaning chemicals, and become better about not leaving hair ties lying around for your cat to find. Now, as your feline friend is getting older, you probably don’t need to worry so much about them getting into things they shouldn’t. Instead, you may need to turn your attention to making your home safer and more accessible as part of your senior cat care regimen.

Just like older humans, senior cats often have a harder time getting around. They also become more likely to lose their vision or hearing as they age. Older cats are at increased risk for bladder issues, arthritis , and cognitive problems, too, and could have trouble with normal daily tasks as a result.

As veterinarians, our goal is to help our patients remain happy and healthy through all life stages. We believe that your cat’s golden years can be just as comfortable and rewarding as their younger years. That’s why we’ve put together this post with some tips and tricks on how to make your home senior cat-friendly. By making a few simple adjustments, you can keep your feline friend safe, comfortable, and happy.

Rethink Your Litter Box

The litter box deserves a lot of attention as your cat gets into their senior years. There are many things you can do to make this experience easier for them as they experience the physical and mental changes that come with aging.

Three things you can do to help your senior cat use the litter box are:

1. Older cats need larger litter boxes that give them plenty of room for doing their business without needing to curl up or crouch. If the box is too small to use comfortably, your cat might stop using it, which is never any fun for anyone!

2. Make sure the litter box is easy to access, too. Consider switching to a box with lower sides or one that has a ramp. This is especially important if your cat has arthritis.

3. You already should have one litter box for each cat in your home plus one extra. As your cat gets older, though, you may want to add even more. Having multiple boxes throughout your home makes things much easier for older cats with bladder control, cognitive, or mobility issues.

Provide Easy Access to Much-Loved Spots

Your senior cat loves their favorite spots now just as much as they did when they were younger. They may, however, have a harder time getting there. Cats of all ages love private spots, especially those that are high up and allow them to keep an eye on their surroundings. Senior kitties are often unable to jump and climb as well as their younger counterparts, though.

Fortunately, you can solve this all-too-common issue by making some simple changes. Carpet-covered stairs make climbing easier (and safer) for older cats. You can also install ramps and perches to give your feline friend access to high-up spots.

If your cat has vision issues , avoid moving your furniture. This is a good idea for cats with cognitive problems, too. Keeping things in the same place makes it much easier than forcing your cat to learn new traffic patterns. Consider placing night lights around your home, too, to make it easier for your pal to navigate after dark.

Keep Comfort in Mind

Achy joints and decreased muscle mass and body conditioning often lead to discomfort in older animals. Keep your cat comfy by adding some extra padding and even a heat source or two to their favorite resting areas. There are tons of cat beds to choose from – including orthopedic styles – that any cat is sure to love. And with heating pads made especially for pets, you can ease your furry friends’ discomfort and make naptime even more enjoyable. Placing a nice, soft bed where it will catch some sunbeams is a great idea, too!

Also, consider replacing your cat’s dishes to make mealtime less uncomfortable. Crouching to eat or drink can be painful, especially for cats with illnesses such as arthritis, as it puts stress on the hips, elbows, and neck. Alleviate this problem by switching to raised cat bowls. Look for dishes that are high enough to allow your cat to eat and drink while standing or sitting to ensure the most comfortable dining and drinking experience.

Remember That Old Age Isn't a Disability

Don’t assume that old age alone is responsible for making your cat slow down or spend more time sleeping. If your once-active pet now barely wants to get up even to get a bite to eat, they could be in pain. And aggression should not be brushed off as age-related crankiness. It, too, could indicate that your cat is in pain.

As your cat gets older , pay close attention to their behavior. Keep an eye on the litter box, and monitor their food and water intake. If you notice any changes, it is always best to consult with their veterinarian. Cats are experts when it comes to not letting their owners know when something is wrong. That’s why it is so important to schedule a vet visit for even the most seemingly insignificant changes. Erring on the side of caution could save your four-legged best friend’s life!

That's That For Senior Cats

The aging process takes a toll on humans and animals alike. Even as your cat enters their senior years, though, there are plenty of things you can do to keep them comfortable. You owe it to your feline family member to make their golden years comfortable and safe, and we are here to help. In addition to making some simple changes around your home, we encourage you to schedule an appointment with our team. We look forward to helping you make your senior cat’s golden years their best years.

How to Make Your Home More Senior Cat-Friendly

Tue, 20 Jul 2021 20:53:00 GMT

Rethink Your Litter Box

Three things you can do to help your senior cat use the litter box are:

2. Make sure the litter box is easy to access, too. Consider switching to a box with lower sides or one that has a ramp. This is especially important if your cat has arthritis.

Provide Easy Access to Much-Loved Spots

Keep Comfort in Mind

Remember That Old Age Isn't a Disability

That's That For Senior Cats

The Secret to Navigating a Multi-Cat Household

Tue, 13 Jul 2021 12:29:00 GMT

While the aloof, independent nature of cats can make them prefer solitude, they are social creatures . They may prefer to hunt alone, but at other times, they enjoy the company of other members of their species. In feral groups, felines tend to form complex social groups in which they play, groom one another, and simply enjoy each other’s company.

That doesn’t mean, though, that maintaining harmony in a multi-cat household is easy. Though your cat might enjoy having a furry sibling, remember that your feline friend has unique territorial needs. To keep the peace, it is essential to ensure that every cat’s needs are met.

As veterinarians, we have had countless cat owners come to us at their wits’ end due to behavioral issues in their multi-cat homes. From fighting and aggression to eliminating outside the litter box , a lot of problems can arise when there is more than one cat in the home. The good news, though, is that many of these issues can be corrected by being mindful of your cat’s needs and making a few simple changes. Keep reading to discover some simple tips and tricks for navigating your multi-cat household.

Provide Plenty of Resources

If aggression or guarding behaviors are plaguing your multi-cat home, you may not be providing enough resources. While you might think that you have plenty of litter boxes and there is more than enough food and water to go around, your cats may see things a bit differently. This issue could also cause litter box aversion.

Provide at least one litter box for every cat in your home, plus an extra . Some cats refuse to share litter boxes with others, so this simple change could eliminate (pardon the pun!) many problems. Make sure you have more than one food and water station, too. This is especially important if you have noticed any of your cats “guarding” their food and water and keeping your other feline family members away.

Cats should have several scratching surfaces , too. Try to provide both horizontal and vertical surfaces as well as posts made from different materials to suit all your cats’ needs and preferences. Make sure your feline friends have plenty of spaces to hide and plenty of toys to choose from.

Maximize Vertical Space

Even if you live in a small home, you can give your cats a lot of space to roam and explore by taking advantage of vertical space. Cats love climbing, and many feel more secure when they can survey their surroundings from high lookout points. Thankfully, maximizing the vertical space in your home is easy!

Some of the ways you can maximize the vertical space in your home are as follows:

Allow them to access high places like the top of your fridge or the space between your cabinets and the ceiling
Install perches, ladders, or set up a cat tree (or several!)—there are plenty of commercially made products to choose from, or you can get creative and build your own
Have at least one perch for every cat in your home
Include perches or other opportunities to get up high near windows, so your kitties can keep a watchful eye on the world outside

Make Exercise a Priority

Many house cats are not nearly as active as they should be. And in addition to causing weight gain, lack of activity can cause pent-up energy that bursts out in the form of aggression. Make interactive play sessions with all your cats a part of your daily routine. Regular playtime is great for your cats’ physical health, and it will help keep them from becoming furry balls of pent-up energy. Plus, playing together could help your cats bond and form stronger relationships with one another.

Make sure you have plenty of toys for your cats to play with while you are away, too. Automated toys are great, and they can help your feline friends stay active when you are at work. Invest in a few different options, and switch them out every so often to keep your cats interested.

Rule Out Health Problems

If things have been going smoothly in your multi-cat home and you suddenly start experiencing aggression between cats, litter box aversion, or other issues, a trip to the vet’s office is in order. Cats have mastered the art of hiding signs of illness, but changes in behavior are a telltale sign that something is amiss. Just like pain or discomfort might make you feel a bit grumpy, it can cause irritability and aggression in cats. A cat who stops using their litter box could be in pain, too.

Cats All She Wrote

Maintaining peace and harmony in a multi-cat home is often tricky, but it can be done. Remember, though, that some cats simply do not enjoy the company of other felines. If your cat is particularly independent, you might want to reconsider adding another furry family member. By providing more than enough food and water stations, litter boxes, toys, and vertical space, it’s usually easy to keep problems at bay and maintain a comfortable home for yourself and your furry family members.

If you share your home with a few feline friends and are having trouble keeping everyone happy, we are here to help. As veterinarians, we can assess your cats’ health and behavior and make recommendations based on their individual needs. Contact us today for the care your feline friends need.

The Secret to Navigating a Multi-Cat Household

Tue, 13 Jul 2021 12:29:00 GMT

Provide Plenty of Resources

Maximize Vertical Space

Some of the ways you can maximize the vertical space in your home are as follows:

Allow them to access high places like the top of your fridge or the space between your cabinets and the ceiling
Install perches, ladders, or set up a cat tree (or several!)—there are plenty of commercially made products to choose from, or you can get creative and build your own
Have at least one perch for every cat in your home
Include perches or other opportunities to get up high near windows, so your kitties can keep a watchful eye on the world outside

Make Exercise a Priority

Rule Out Health Problems

Cats All She Wrote

Plump Pup Problems: 7 Tips For Preventing Dog Obesity

Tue, 06 Jul 2021 20:48:00 GMT

Dogs gravitate towards treats just as we gravitate towards the dessert table. Much like humans, dogs are at risk of becoming overweight or obese at some point in their lives. It’s estimated that nearly 56% of dogs are overweight, which increases the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes, puts unnecessary strain on their bones and organs, and decreases their overall life expectancy. As veterinarians who are also dog owners, we know those extra rolls are ripe for belly rubs, but we also want your dog to be at peak health every time we see them for their wellness visits. Since it’s far easier to prevent excess pounds than to shed them, the following are seven proven nutrition , fitness , and other tips to make sure your dog doesn’t head down the perilous path towards obesity.

1. Know Their Ideal Weight and Monitor

It’s critical that you know the ideal weight for your dog based on their size, breed, and age. Your veterinarian can give you a healthy weight range to target, which you should monitor on a regular basis. If you have a small breed dog, you can use your bathroom scale to weigh them precisely as you would weigh yourself. If you have a larger breed dog, you can weigh yourself first, pick up your dog, weigh yourself with the dog, and subtract the difference. Most veterinarian offices welcome regular weigh-ins free of charge for large breeds that cannot be picked up to help you monitor your dog’s weight.

2. Choose the Right Dog Food

Your veterinarian can help you choose a dog food that is appropriate for your dog. Puppies need food formulated for their early life stage, which should change as they enter adulthood and then again when they become a senior dog. Serving your puppy an all-purpose dog food can mean extra calories at a young age, making obesity more likely.

3. Don’t Overfeed

Portion control is a significant factor in ensuring your dog maintains a healthy weight. You should also choose specific meal times and stick to them, and your dog will quickly learn when it’s time to eat and when it’s not. This will minimize begging and the tendency to overfeed based on the assumption your dog is hungry. Also, avoid keeping their bowl full at all times — often referred to as free-feeding — which will result in your dog eating more and gaining weight.

Clients often tell us that their dog is always hungry. Most dogs will eat way more calories than they require if allowed, but this does not mean they need it or are hungry. It is just their instinct to eat food when it is available in case food will be scarce at a later time.

4. Avoid Table Scraps

It’s tempting to give your begging dog the leftovers from your dinner plate, but best avoided. Dogs consume unnecessary extra calories when they’re fed table scraps in addition to their regular feedings, so it’s best to stick to their dog food and occasional dog treats. Not to mention, human foods are often cooked with fatty oils and/or contain added seasonings, which aren’t healthy for your dog. If you want to treat them to the occasional table scraps, make sure they’re low calorie, low salt, and low fat.

5. Give Them Plenty of Exercise

A daily routine that involves a long walk is ideal for your dog’s overall health and maintaining a healthy weight. Just like humans, dogs need to burn calories to avoid weight gain. Plus, every dog loves outside time and fresh air. In addition to walks, other calorie-burning activities include swimming, a long game of fetch, and running alongside you. Just be sure to ease your dog into something more demanding like running, as they need to build up endurance just like we do. Walks are also good for mental stimulation and can help to avoid boredom-related behaviors at home.

6. Consider Interactive Feeding Toys

Interactive feeding toys are a great way to make your dog work for their food, burning calories while consuming calories. They force your dog to eat more slowly while providing mental stimulation and making mealtime even more enjoyable for them. Interactive toys include slow-feed bowls that force your dog to follow maze-like barriers to eat their food or toys that dispense food and entertain them in the process.

7. Remember That Not All Treats Are Created Equal

As veterinarians, we don’t expect you to cut treats out of your dog’s life. Giving and getting treats is a part of your relationship’s beautiful and reciprocal nature—and this starts early with using them as part of obedience training .

Ask your veterinarian for tips on healthy store-bought treats, or consider these treats that the ASPCA recommends as healthy alternatives:

Apples and raspberries (without the seeds)
Carrots
Green Beans
Kibble (you can fool them into thinking this is a treat!)
Popcorn without the butter or salt

Also, make sure to refer to their list of potentially toxic foods for dogs to avoid an emergency situation.

Being proactive about your dog’s weight will spare them medical issues and prolong their life. The bonus is that some of these preventative measures — including exercise and interactive toys — are enjoyable. However, we should also point out that weight gain can be related to a medical condition such as hypothyroidism. If you’re following these recommendations and still noticing that your dog is gaining weight, please give us a call .

Plump Pup Problems: 7 Tips For Preventing Dog Obesity

Tue, 06 Jul 2021 20:48:00 GMT

1. Know Their Ideal Weight and Monitor

2. Choose the Right Dog Food

3. Don’t Overfeed

4. Avoid Table Scraps

5. Give Them Plenty of Exercise

6. Consider Interactive Feeding Toys

7. Remember That Not All Treats Are Created Equal

Ask your veterinarian for tips on healthy store-bought treats, or consider these treats that the ASPCA recommends as healthy alternatives:

Apples and raspberries (without the seeds)
Carrots
Green Beans
Kibble (you can fool them into thinking this is a treat!)
Popcorn without the butter or salt

Also, make sure to refer to their list of potentially toxic foods for dogs to avoid an emergency situation.

7 Common (And Kinda Kooky) Cat Behaviors and What They Mean

Thu, 01 Jul 2021 15:04:00 GMT

There are very few dull moments when you share your home with a cat. From inhabiting boxes and knocking things off tables to perching as high as they can and the infamous “If I fits, I sits” behavior , cats sure are quirky beings. While all pets are amazing, cats are especially unique. And no matter how many feline family members you have, they each have their own personalities. Despite this, though, certain behaviors are universal in the world of cats. While they often mystify their human family members, these behaviors make sense to cats, and your feline friend engages in them for a reason.

Many cat owners – especially those new to cat parenthood – worry whether certain behaviors are a sign of an underlying problem. While it is always best to schedule a vet appointment right away when a furry family member behaves strangely, many of the most common cat behaviors are typical for them. As veterinarians, we are always happy to deliver the news that what might be construed as worrisome behavior is entirely normal. However, we would also like to help you avoid worry in the first place. That’s why we’ve put together this list of common cat behaviors and what they mean. Keep reading to find out whether your feline friend’s actions are to be expected or if they are cause for concern.

1. Lying on Things

If you share your home with a cat, you’ve undoubtedly noticed that they love lying on things. Your computer keyboard, the outfit you laid out for work, a random piece of paper… just about anything can seem like an excellent bed for a cat. There are several reasons for this behavior. It could be as simple as your cat wants to be near you. They also love small spaces, so curling up in a tiny basket just makes sense in the mind of a cat. When your feline friend insists on lying on your computer keyboard while you’re trying to work, the book you’re reading, or anything else that you are using, it could be their way of saying they want your attention.

2. Slow Blinking

You may have witnessed your cat gazing at you from across the room then seemingly blinking in slow motion. Believe it or not, this is one of the highest honors you can receive from your feline friend. Slow blinking is a sign of affection and a cat’s way of saying they feel comfortable and content in your presence. As Hill's Pet notes, it's essentially the "butterfly kiss" of the cat world. The best part about this behavior is that you can return the gesture and let your cat know that you feel the same way.

3. Kneading

Also commonly and lovingly referred to as “making biscuits,” kittens learn the kneading motion when they are very young. They engage in this activity while nursing to stimulate the production of milk, and many cats continue this behavior as adults. It is thought to be a calming, comforting action, and it is completely normal (and, let’s be honest - adorable).

4. Lying Belly Up

If your cat loves sprawling out on the floor belly-up, they feel comfortable and relaxed. Lying with their legs spread out and their belly exposed makes cats vulnerable, so they do not assume this position when feeling threatened or insecure. When your cat flops over in front of you and shows their belly, it is their way of saying they trust you. They might be asking for some belly rubs, too, but proceed with caution. As you probably know, cats can be sneaky, and not all cats love belly rubs despite taking this posture.

5. Purring

Purring is one of the most intriguing feline behaviors. From housecats to cougars, many smaller members of the feline family purr . While the sound is most often thought of as a sign of contentment, that is not always the case. Cats purr for several reasons, so you should never assume that a purring cat is a happy cat. Because it is soothing and triggers the release of pain-relieving endorphins, your furry friend might purr when they are sick, hurt, or stressed. Usually, purring is a good thing. But if you have any reason to suspect that your pet could be in distress, call us right away.

6. Not Covering Their Poop

Cats are naturally inclined to cover up what they leave behind in the litter box. If your feline friend has stopped covering, they are trying to tell you something.

Some of the reasons that your cat may not be covering their poop are:

If you recently brought home a new cat or have a stray hanging around outside, your cat might not bury their feces as a way of declaring their territory
Your cat may also stop covering if they do not like how the litter feels or if the box isn’t clean enough
Pain while using the litter box could be to blame

If you cannot determine the cause of this behavior, schedule a vet appointment to rule out medical issues.

7. Chattering

If you have ever observed your cat watching birds or small critters, like chipmunks or squirrels, through the window, you have probably heard them making a bizarre chattering sound. Many experts think that cats make this sound as a sign of frustration when they know they cannot get to their prey. Others, however, believe it is merely a sign of excitement . In any case, those adorable sounds your cat makes while birdwatching or keeping a close eye on the neighborhood squirrels are not anything to worry about.

Closing Thoughts

Cats are curious creatures. And sometimes, their actions leave their owners feeling pretty perplexed. The good news is that many seemingly strange behaviors are typical in the feline world. Remember, though, that any sudden changes in behavior warrant further investigation. Additionally, things like unexplained aggression, refusal to eat or drink, or litter box avoidance often occur due to medical problems .

If your feline family member is exhibiting new or problematic behaviors, call us to schedule an appointment . It is always best to err on the side of caution when it comes to your beloved companion’s health and wellbeing.

7 Common (And Kinda Kooky) Cat Behaviors and What They Mean

Thu, 01 Jul 2021 15:04:00 GMT

1. Lying on Things

2. Slow Blinking

3. Kneading

4. Lying Belly Up

5. Purring

6. Not Covering Their Poop

Cats are naturally inclined to cover up what they leave behind in the litter box. If your feline friend has stopped covering, they are trying to tell you something.

Some of the reasons that your cat may not be covering their poop are:

If you recently brought home a new cat or have a stray hanging around outside, your cat might not bury their feces as a way of declaring their territory
Your cat may also stop covering if they do not like how the litter feels or if the box isn’t clean enough
Pain while using the litter box could be to blame

If you cannot determine the cause of this behavior, schedule a vet appointment to rule out medical issues.

7. Chattering

Closing Thoughts

How to Introduce a New Dog Into a Pet-Filled Home

Thu, 17 Jun 2021 17:20:00 GMT

Introducing a new dog into a pet-filled home can be an overwhelming experience for the pet owner, the new dog, and the current pets – leaving all involved feeling anxious. As veterinarians, we understand that your dog’s emotional health is just as important as their physical health. Following are some proven tips for introducing your new dog into your pet-filled home, and lessening the emotional distress that comes along with it. As the day of the introduction approaches, remember that both immediate safety and establishing a foundation for long-term relationships are of equal importance.

Introduce Dogs on Neutral Territory

When it comes to integrating a new dog with your other dogs, it’s smart to introduce them on neutral ground, allowing them to become familiar with each other away from home where your other dogs might feel dominant in their territory. Bring along some family members and walk each dog on a separate leash, starting at a distance where they can see each other but not provoke one another. If no aggressive behaviors are demonstrated, or after brief aggression turns into curiosity, allow them to get closer – one at a time if there are multiple dogs. As the calm behavior continues, reward them all with treats. Eventually, you can let them continue on a walk together.

Introduce by Type of Pet

If many pets are involved, group the introductions by type of pet. Introduce dogs, cats, and caged animals separately, allowing you to better control the environment and consider the needs of each type of pet. If you own multiple dogs of various sizes and breeds, you might want to consider introducing them based on size. A puppy or small breed may be intimidated by a large breed, while smaller breeds might make them feel excited and playful.

Use a Dog Gate

When the new dog comes home, use a tall, durable dog or baby gate to separate the new arrival from the existing pets. Carefully observe how they interact through the gate, reinforcing positive behavior with treats. Keep this separation until the pets exhibit signs they are interacting in a consistently friendly manner and are eager to play together.

Temporarily Remove Toys

Pets can be protective of their toys and aren’t known for sharing well with others. To avoid immediate conflict with a new pet, temporarily remove all toys from the environment that could potentially spark fights. An aggressive early encounter could lead to a permanently tense relationship between your new dog and your existing pets. When toys are reintroduced, watch for any signs of aggression or territorial behavior, such as standing over a toy and snapping at your new dog if they get too close to it. Consider separating the dogs when toys are available, especially if unsupervised, just in case.

Use the Traffic Light Process

We all know that red means “stop,” yellow means “proceed with caution” and green means “go.” Beyond driving, this is a great system to use once you remove the dog gate and your pets are interacting in the same space.

The Traffic Light Process, which is a good way to gauge the progression of pet interaction, is as follows:

Red Light – If you see immediate aggressive behavior, stop the interaction, separate the pets and regroup.
Yellow Light – If they don’t seem excited and are instead exhibiting tense body language, such as stiff posture or ears pinned back, proceed with caution.
Green Light – Proceed with the interaction if the pets seem curious, friendly, and any early tension eased quickly.

Stay Engaged and Alert

A bite, lunging or other aggressive behavior can happen in an instant. It’s very common for a pet owner to want to document the arrival and integration of a new pet – much like introducing a toddler to their new baby brother or sister. That means the pet owner can be distracted taking photos or videos, and not notice a threatening situation unfolding. Enlist the help of a family member or friend to document the arrival of your new dog, and keep your attention on the exchanges happening among your pets. Aggressive behaviors are almost always preceded by a warning sign. A lip snarl or low growl will typically precede a snap or lunge. If you are unfamiliar with dog body language , plan to study up on this subject prior to introducing new pets.

Monitor Meals and Beds

Your new dog should have their own bed, food bowl, and water supply. This might need to be separated from the other pets for a short period of time to avoid your other pets getting curious and taking over the new dog’s food supply and a cozy, new bed. Monitor their food supply, water, and sleeping arrangements closely to ensure they’re getting adequate nutrition and sleep.

It’s important to remember that pet introductions are a process and not a one-time encounter that you quickly move past. Your existing pets are not likely to share your excitement over the new addition to the family – at least not at first. Supporting them and their needs is just as important as carefully transitioning your new dog to ensure their safety and long-term comfort in their new environment.

If you are struggling with the adjustment or unsure if things are going to work out, give us a call , and we can either give you some recommendations or refer you to a trusted dog trainer . Not all dogs are going to get along with each other, and serious injuries can happen as a result. Once you’ve ensured the safety of your existing pets and family members and are confident that everything is copacetic, you can hopefully live a long, happy, and fur-filled life together!

How to Introduce a New Dog Into a Pet-Filled Home

Thu, 17 Jun 2021 17:20:00 GMT

Introduce Dogs on Neutral Territory

Introduce by Type of Pet

Use a Dog Gate

Temporarily Remove Toys

Use the Traffic Light Process

The Traffic Light Process, which is a good way to gauge the progression of pet interaction, is as follows:

Red Light – If you see immediate aggressive behavior, stop the interaction, separate the pets and regroup.
Yellow Light – If they don’t seem excited and are instead exhibiting tense body language, such as stiff posture or ears pinned back, proceed with caution.
Green Light – Proceed with the interaction if the pets seem curious, friendly, and any early tension eased quickly.

Stay Engaged and Alert

Monitor Meals and Beds

9 Ways to Help Your Cat Battle Obesity

Tue, 11 May 2021 14:41:00 GMT

Did you know that more than half of the cats in the United States are overweight ? That translates to a whopping 56 million American cats who are carrying around more weight than they should. And about 40 percent of them aren’t just overweight; they are obese. While a chunky kitty is undeniably adorable, the excess chub is not good for their health. Like people, obese cats can suffer from health issues like heart disease, arthritis, and diabetes. They can have trouble grooming themselves properly, which can lead to skin problems and trouble defecating normally, leading to constipation. Obesity also increases their risk for certain types of cancer. All in all, overweight cats tend to live shorter lives than their slimmer counterparts.

How you feed your cat is just as important as what you feed them. As veterinarians, we see overweight feline patients every day. And often, their owners have no idea how their furry friend has managed to pack on so much weight. Unfortunately, overfeeding is common and not just with irresponsible and uncaring pet owners. Some of the best and most responsible pet parents make mistakes regarding their cat’s diet. In this article, we will be going over some helpful tips for preventing cat obesity. Let’s get started.

1. Understand Your Cat’s Dietary Needs

Because cats come in all shapes and sizes, there is no specific weight that is healthy for all cats. Instead, veterinarians use a Body Condition Scoring (BCS) system to assess if a cat is at their ideal weight. Ensuring that your cat scores in the healthy range means understanding their dietary needs. Scheduling an appointment with your vet is the best way to get a clear picture of how much and what type of food your cat needs to reach or maintain a healthy weight.

2. Choose High-Quality Food

Feeding your cat the cheapest food on the grocery store shelf is equivalent to feeding your child fast food three times a day rather than making healthy, home-cooked meals. While you don’t necessarily need to purchase the most expensive food on the market, it is essential to choose a product that meets your cat’s nutritional needs and isn’t loaded with fillers. Be sure to select a formula that is appropriate for their life stage, too. If you’d like a more specific recommendation, your vet will be happy to help you with that.

3. Ditch the All-Day Buffet

If you leave out a large bowl that provides your cat with constant access to food, it may be time to change up your feeding routine. Although it’s convenient, free-feeding is a huge contributing factor to obesity in cats. It is a common misconception that cats know when to stop eating and will not overindulge. In reality, providing easy access to food at all times is a great way to help your cat pack on extra pounds. Scheduled meal times are much better for your furry friend.

4. Engage Your Cat’s Natural Instincts

In the wild, cats spend about 80 percent of their waking hours searching and hunting for food. They usually eat several small meals throughout the day, and each meal is the reward for a successful hunt. Nothing about eating out of a giant bowl that’s always in the same spot on the kitchen floor engages your cat’s instincts. Instead, break their day’s food up into several smaller meals, and put them in various places throughout your home. Kitty will enjoy the challenge of a “hunt,” and they will get some much-needed exercise. Place the food in elevated places to encourage jumping and climbing. Consider feeding out of a food-dispensing toy to mimic working for their food.

5. Switch to Canned Food

If you are currently feeding your cat dry kibble, switching to canned food may be a good idea. Canned food encourages “meal feeding” and is a good option when trying to transition your feline friend away from free feeding. Plus, canned food is usually lower in carbohydrates and higher in protein than kibble, making it a healthier option that is less likely to make your cat pack on excess weight. Ask your veterinarian about the right food for your cat.

6. Stop Being an Automatic Treat Dispenser

Do you give in every time your cat meows at you for a snack? If so, it is time to stop being an automatic treat dispenser. While you may feel like giving treats is an excellent way to show your cat how much you love them, doing so could negatively impact their health. Just like people, cats gain weight when their diet is filled with too many calories. The next time your cat is begging for treats, reward them with a play session or some head scratches instead.

7. Monitor Your Cat’s Weight

Because you see your cat every day, it can be difficult to detect changes in their appearance. And it is tough to tell if a long-haired cat you see daily has gained a pound or two. That is why it is essential to weigh your cat at least every couple of months. Keeping a close eye on your cat’s weight allows you to detect any troublesome changes and work toward solving the problem before it becomes serious. You can purchase a “baby scale” for at-home use or try using your bathroom scale. Even a few ounces of weight gain can be significant for these tiny creatures.

8. Encourage Exercise

Laziness is a major contributing factor to obesity in housecats. After all, they don’t need to hunt for their food, so cats commonly transform from prowling predators into couch potatoes. To prevent obesity, engage your cat in several short play sessions throughout the day.

Playing with your cat helps with the following:

It burns calories
It relieves boredom
It promotes human/kitty bonding
It stimulates cats' minds
Some toys can channel kitties' natural hunting instincts, which they love
It keeps cats in good physical condition

9. Schedule Routine Wellness Exams

Even if your cat seems perfectly healthy, it’s crucial to schedule routine wellness exams with their veterinarian. Although many cats are afflicted by conditions that contribute to weight gain , they may not exhibit any symptoms. Not showing signs of illness is particularly true of cats, who tend to hide when they are in pain or suffering. A vet can detect these issues through routine bloodwork and begin the appropriate course of treatment. Annual wellness exams also provide an opportunity for a vet to spot other signs of trouble and provide guidance regarding your pet’s weight and nutritional needs.

"All the more to love!" you jokingly tell others about your cat, and we veterinarians know that "chonky bois" are charming. The harsh truth is you could be contributing to shortening your cat’s life by not facing the problem, as excess weight puts their health at risk. If you have other family members, give everyone a role in ensuring that your cat doesn’t get too many treats, consumes a healthy diet, and gets enough exercise. The tips listed above are a great place to start, but if you need additional help with preventing obesity or helping your feline friend lose weight, please call now to schedule an appointment.

9 Ways to Help Your Cat Battle Obesity

Tue, 11 May 2021 14:41:00 GMT

1. Understand Your Cat’s Dietary Needs

2. Choose High-Quality Food

3. Ditch the All-Day Buffet

4. Engage Your Cat’s Natural Instincts

5. Switch to Canned Food

6. Stop Being an Automatic Treat Dispenser

7. Monitor Your Cat’s Weight

8. Encourage Exercise

Playing with your cat helps with the following:

It burns calories
It relieves boredom
It promotes human/kitty bonding
It stimulates cats' minds
Some toys can channel kitties' natural hunting instincts, which they love
It keeps cats in good physical condition

9. Schedule Routine Wellness Exams

How to Enrich the Life of Your Indoor Cat

Tue, 04 May 2021 14:27:00 GMT

As a cat lover, you might choose to keep your feline friend indoors for many reasons. In most households, though, the primary reason is safety. Indoor cats typically live 10 to 15 years while their outdoor counterparts live about 2-5 years —a significant difference, and it's because they are less likely to contract potentially deadly diseases and face other dangers. Keeping your cat indoors protects them from other animals, being hit by a car, or being abused by an unkind human. The downside, however, is that many indoor cats experience boredom and are more prone to obesity due to decreased activity. As veterinarians, we understand that cats are natural predators and that keeping them happy indoors can present some challenges. That is why we have put together this post with some suggestions on how to enrich the life of your indoor cat.

Help Them Stay Physically Active

Keeping an indoor cat active is important but often challenging. Fortunately, there are several things you can do to keep your cat from becoming a couch potato.

Give Them Places to Climb and Perch

Cats love climbing and perching in high spots where they can survey their surroundings. Satisfy your indoor cat’s desire to climb by getting them a cat tree – the taller, the better! If you don’t have space in your home for a traditional cat tree that sits on the floor, consider hanging sturdy shelves on the wall for your cat to perch on, climb, and explore. Providing an elevated cat bed in a sunny spot by a window is very appealing to cats. Cats enjoy looking out windows to observe wildlife and human activity. Make sure you offer your cat appropriate places to climb on to curb problematic scratching behaviors , like jumping up on counters and ruining curtains.

Provide Scratching Posts

Scratching is a natural feline behavior that tends to get a bad rap. After all, no one wants their pets to destroy their furniture or tear up their carpet. Scratching is a necessity for cats, though, and it is essential for their health and happiness. Providing items that allow your cat to scratch in an appropriate fashion enables them to sharpen their claws without damaging your home or belongings. Doing so also helps them stay active. Cats also leave behind their scent, essentially marking their territory when they scratch on surfaces. Since a cat’s claws grow continuously, scratching is a normal way to keep the claws in good health and not need trimming regularly. Some older cats will stop using a scratching post and will need routine nail trims to prevent claw overgrowth.

When shopping for scratching posts, do not make the mistake of getting one that is too short. Cats love stretching while they scratch, so an ideal post is tall enough for them to use even when stretched out, standing on the tips of their back toes. Experiment with different textures, too, to find one your cat loves. Some cats enjoy scratching sisal rope, carpet, or corrugated cardboard. Others prefer the natural feel of tree bark. Figure out what your cat likes best, and make sure they have a few scratchers to choose from. Some cats prefer vertical posts, while others prefer horizontal varieties. You can even add catnip to entice your cat to use the post.

If your cat will not use a scratching post or you are having a problem with them using your furniture instead, talk to your veterinarian about these concerns. This product called Feliscratch by Feliway is a favorite of many veterinarians.

Make Playtime a Priority

Playing with your cat is the best way to keep them active. It is also an excellent bonding opportunity. Toys that crinkle, fly, or are filled with catnip are not only easy on your wallet, but they also provide hours of entertainment. To keep your cat engaged, buy several toys and rotate them out. Store toys that are not in use in a container filled with catnip before reintroducing them to your feline friend.

Most cats love kitty fishing poles and wand toys with feathery flyers. They mimic birds and kick cats’ predator drive into high gear, so they are a great way to get even the laziest cats up and moving. Take the time to experiment with different types of toys to discover which ones your pet enjoys most. Every cat has their own unique playstyle!

Be sure to regularly inspect cat toys for wear and tear and dispose of them if they are falling apart. Long strings and ribbons should not be left out with unsupervised cats as some cats will try to ingest them, and they can be an obstruction hazard.

Provide Mental Stimulation

Physical activity is important, but it is not the only type of stimulation needed to keep indoor cats healthy and happy. Mental stimulation is crucial, too, and it is a powerful defense against boredom. Not sure how to engage your cat’s brain? Here are some suggestions.

Let Them See Outside

Even if your cat is not allowed to go outside, they will love viewing the outside world through a window. There are a few ways to offer your cat the means to ogle the outdoors, and they are as follows:

Cats who have perches that allow them to look outside benefit greatly. Keeping an eye on birds, squirrels, and even passersby on the street keeps cats entertained and engaged.
Installing a window bed is a great way to let cats connect with the outside world without the danger of actually going outside.
If space allows, building a “catio” is a great option. A catio is a screened-in or otherwise enclosed outdoor space that your pet can access via a window or a cat door installed in a wall or door. These enclosures can be purchased or built in any size, and they allow cats to experience the sights, sounds and smells of the outside world without the risks associated with letting them roam.

Make Mealtime a Challenge

In nature, cats hunt for their meals. They carefully stalk their prey before pouncing and – hopefully – enjoying a tasty morsel. Compared to this, a large bowl of food on the kitchen floor is pretty boring! Make mealtime more interesting and challenging for your indoor cat by hiding treats or small amounts of food in various areas throughout the house instead of placing it in a bowl.

Puzzle feeders are a great alternative to bowls, too. They contain food, but cats need to use their brains to figure out how to access the food. This extends mealtime while providing a fun mental challenge. Using puzzle feeders can reduce stress, aid in weight loss, and even eliminate inappropriate bathroom behaviors.

Many indoor cats live to eat! They will overeat readily if given the opportunity making feline obesity a real concern. Making mealtime more of a game will help prevent overeating and encourage cats to exercise for their food. If your overweight indoor cat does not participate, consider an automatic feeder that will only dispense a measured amount of food at a time. This can help prevent overfeeding due to begging by dissociating you and the food bowl.

Get Them a Companion

Many cats enjoy the company of other felines. Introducing a new cat to your home takes time and patience, but once both cats have gotten used to each other, they will run and play together. They will also give each other some much-needed mental stimulation, especially when you are away from home. Just remember to have cats of opposite sexes spayed and neutered to prevent unwanted pregnancy!

With the right physical and mental stimulation, indoor cats can live long, healthy lives without ever venturing outside. By keeping your cat strictly indoors, you are safeguarding them against devastating diseases, parasites, other animals, and even unkind humans. While your cat may try to convince you that they would be happier outside, there are plenty of things you can do to meet their needs indoors. Another great resource is this Indoor Pet Initiative put out by Ohio State University.

If you have any further questions or concerns about enriching your indoor cat’s life, please give us a call .

How to Enrich the Life of Your Indoor Cat

Tue, 04 May 2021 14:27:00 GMT

Help Them Stay Physically Active

Keeping an indoor cat active is important but often challenging. Fortunately, there are several things you can do to keep your cat from becoming a couch potato.

Give Them Places to Climb and Perch

Provide Scratching Posts

Make Playtime a Priority

Provide Mental Stimulation

Let Them See Outside

Cats who have perches that allow them to look outside benefit greatly. Keeping an eye on birds, squirrels, and even passersby on the street keeps cats entertained and engaged.
Installing a window bed is a great way to let cats connect with the outside world without the danger of actually going outside.
If space allows, building a “catio” is a great option. A catio is a screened-in or otherwise enclosed outdoor space that your pet can access via a window or a cat door installed in a wall or door. These enclosures can be purchased or built in any size, and they allow cats to experience the sights, sounds and smells of the outside world without the risks associated with letting them roam.

Make Mealtime a Challenge

Get Them a Companion

If you have any further questions or concerns about enriching your indoor cat’s life, please give us a call .

Signs of Dog Cancer That You Should Never Ignore

Tue, 20 Apr 2021 16:45:00 GMT

Dogs are beloved members of our families, and much like we worry about the health of our children and significant others, we also worry about the health of our precious pups. Among the greatest medical fears of dog owners is the dreaded cancer diagnosis, and unfortunately, the statistics support that fear.

According to the National Cancer Institute via the AAHA , approximately 6 million dogs are diagnosed with cancer each year. Considering that not all dogs receive a definitive cancer diagnosis, the Veterinary Cancer Society estimates that 1 in 4 dogs will develop cancer at some point, and nearly 50% of dogs older than 10 will develop some form of cancer .

As veterinarians, we understand that a cancer diagnosis is devastating – but we also know that half of all canine cancers are curable if caught early enough, and treatment options are constantly evolving. There is power in knowledge, specifically in understanding the symptoms of the most common canine cancers.

What is Cancer?

At its most basic level, cancer is abnormal cell growth. Cancerous cells do not listen to the rest of the body and “do their own thing” by rapidly dividing and taking over the normal cells nearby. They can spread to other parts of the body, wreaking havoc on healthy tissue.

Top Canine Cancers and Their Common Symptoms

Dog owners know the daily habits, demeanor, physical characteristics, and behaviors unique to their dogs . They know how fast they eat, how many trips outside they need, when they like to play and how many naps they’ll take each day. Dog owners must be hypervigilant about any changes to their dog’s daily routines and physical appearance that could indicate early warning signs of cancer.

The following are the top 5 most common forms of canine cancer and the symptoms that each present with:

1. Lymphoma – Lymphoma accounts for 20% of all canine cancers, with dogs of any breed being 2-5 times more likely to develop lymphoma than humans. It often appears as swollen lymph nodes under the jaw, in front of the shoulders, or behind the knees. The swollen lymph nodes feel like firm lumps or masses under the skin but aren't typically painful when touched. These lymph nodes may also feel warm. When lymphoma attacks lymph nodes in the chest or abdomen, difficulty breathing, vomiting, and/or diarrhea are often the prevailing symptoms.

2. Mast Cell Tumors – These tumors typically form on the skin or under the skin and are considered “the great pretender” of canine tumors, as they can be mistaken as benign fatty lumps. Mast cell tumors are always malignant but can range in severity or grade. They tend to spread out quickly into the surrounding skin but typically do not cause the dog to be in pain until later stages. Dogs can develop more than one at a time on their body, so all masses should be examined. Mast cell tumors can also affect the internal organs such as the spleen and liver. They typically appear as a small, raised, hairless pink lump or soft squishy subcutaneous (under the skin) mass.

3. Osteosarcoma – A common bone cancer in dogs, osteosarcoma most often affects large dog breeds and typically attacks long bones in the limbs, but it can also affect the skull. It rapidly spreads to the lungs, lymph nodes, and other bones, with pet owners noticing swelling, lameness, and limb pain first.

4. Melanoma – The most common oral cancer in dogs, melanoma is most frequently found in breeds with dark tongues and gums. A malignant melanoma found in the oral cavity, which presents as a brown, black, or sometimes pink mass, has most often already spread throughout the body by the time it’s noticed. Dogs can also get melanoma on their toes which presents as a bulge or bleeding mass near the nailbed.

5. Hemangiosarcoma – A form of canine cancer that develops from cells that line the blood vessels; hemangiosarcoma attacks the spleen, liver, heart, and skin. Early symptoms may include a soft or firm swelling under the skin, weight loss, bulging belly, lethargy, and decreased appetite. Symptoms can be delayed in presenting themselves until the tumor ruptures, when blood loss, sudden weakness, pale gums, and labored breathing quickly presents in the dog.

Additional symptoms of canine cancers may include:

Unexplained weight loss
Coughing or exercise intolerance
Lethargy
Bleeding or discharge from any body opening
Difficulty eating or swallowing
Difficulty with urination or bowel movements
Sores that will not heal

Keeping a watchful eye for any symptoms is paramount to your dog’s health and longevity. Any suspicion requires an immediate call to your vet, even if out of an abundance of caution.

Confirming a Cancer Diagnosis in Dogs

Oncology is a growing area of specialty in veterinary medicine, with oncologists being veterinarians who have completed additional training and are certified by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine ( ACVIM ) in oncology.

The following are the likely steps to be taken if cancer is suspected in your dogs:

Cytology – the process of withdrawing cells from the mass for examination under a microscope. This is an efficient way to understand basic information about the tumor, including if it’s benign or malignant. This is typically done without sedation in most pets.

Radiographs (x-rays) -- important to visualize the internal organs to screen for masses or fluid buildup.

Labwork -- important to assess for organ function and cell counts.

Biopsies – the process of taking a tissue sample to examine under a microscope. This step is necessary to confirm a cancer diagnosis. Biopsies require sedation or general anesthesia in most pets. Additional cytology or biopsies of other tissues, including lymph nodes, to determine if or how much the cancer has spread. Advanced imaging such as a CT scan, MRI, or PET scan may also be conducted to understand the tumor’s precise location and help determine the ideal treatment.

With daily obligations and busy schedules occupying our attention most days, we know that pet issues that arise can feel like an inconvenience. But it’s vitally important to your dog’s health and longevity that symptoms are not brushed aside – or worse, misdiagnosed by yourself or a quick Google search. Taking swift action is vital for canine cancers, and any vet would prefer you bring them in for an examination rather than “wait it out” and see if additional symptoms manifest. Unfortunately, waiting for those additional symptoms to present means the cancer has been given time to progress to more advanced stages.

If you suspect your dog may have cancer, please give us a call ! We know it's a scary time, but we are here to help.

Signs of Dog Cancer That You Should Never Ignore

Tue, 20 Apr 2021 16:45:00 GMT

What is Cancer?

Top Canine Cancers and Their Common Symptoms

The following are the top 5 most common forms of canine cancer and the symptoms that each present with:

Additional symptoms of canine cancers may include:

Unexplained weight loss
Coughing or exercise intolerance
Lethargy
Bleeding or discharge from any body opening
Difficulty eating or swallowing
Difficulty with urination or bowel movements
Sores that will not heal

Keeping a watchful eye for any symptoms is paramount to your dog’s health and longevity. Any suspicion requires an immediate call to your vet, even if out of an abundance of caution.

Confirming a Cancer Diagnosis in Dogs

The following are the likely steps to be taken if cancer is suspected in your dogs:

Radiographs (x-rays) -- important to visualize the internal organs to screen for masses or fluid buildup.

Labwork -- important to assess for organ function and cell counts.

If you suspect your dog may have cancer, please give us a call ! We know it's a scary time, but we are here to help.

How to Keep Your Pets Safe Through Microchipping

Tue, 16 Feb 2021 15:39:00 GMT

You might not have realized that it is National Pet ID Week—let's be honest, it's not something the average person hears about a lot. As veterinarians, however, responsible pet ownership is something we are very passionate about. We see far too many heartbreaking situations in our daily lives due to mistakes that could have been prevented. One of those things is pets that go missing. And trust us—we know that accidents happen. Both dogs and cats can be escape artists, which makes microchipping your pets one of the best things you can do to honor this month. We've shared some answers to common questions about cat and dog microchipping below so that you can have some peace of mind when it comes to your beloved fur babies.

What is a pet microchip?

A pet microchip is an electronic microchip that has a unique number. It is activated by a short radio wave that can be read by a hand-held scanner. The microchip number is then registered with all your contact information. If your pet is found and brought into a vet or shelter, they will be scanned, and the microchip scanner will read the microchip number. The microchip number will be searchable in a database where your information can be retrieved so you can be contacted and reunited with your pet.

My pet already wears tags - why do they need a microchip?

Many people assume that because their pets always have their tags on, their pet is safe, but this is not necessarily the case.

Even if your pet wears a collar and tags, your pet should get a microchip because:

People take collars off their pets all the time for baths and sometimes forget to put them back on.
Collars can get caught on things and break away.
Your pet can slip out of a collar on a walk and be lost without identification.
You can move and have outdated information on the tag.

Losing a pet is one of the worst things that can happen. Making sure that you have as many things as possible in place in case it happens can mean the difference between finding your pet and never seeing them again. That being said, having a microchip should be your first line of defense when you consider its reliability. It is permanent and will protect your beloved pet 24/7. But your pet should always wear a secure collar with legible and up-to-date contact information on their identification tags too.

Why should I microchip my cat or dog?

We've seen far too many cases of lost dogs getting thrown into shelters, and, sadly, not all shelters have a no-kill policy. As we've said, microchipping isn't a guarantee that you'll find your lost pet, but it surely increases your chances.

There are many reasons to microchip your pet, and they are as follows:

Having a microchip will increase the chance that your pet will be returned if they get lost.
It will give you peace of mind.
Your pet is protected 24/7.
It is required for international travel and documentation.
Natural disasters and emergencies are unpredictable; you never know what could happen.
It can aid in proof of ownership in case of theft.
Accidents happen.
Thunderstorms and fireworks can startle your pet, causing them to escape.
It is affordable.
It is simple and easy.

Is microchipping safe?

The chip is made from materials that will not disintegrate, rust, or cause an allergic reaction. The AVMA says the risk to pets is very low and is far outweighed by the benefit of getting the pet back if lost. The AVMA recommends microchips for safe, permanent identification.

Where is the microchip inserted?

Microchips are implanted under the skin and in between the shoulder blades. Microchips are designed to stay where they are implanted, but they can migrate. If they migrate, they are highly likely to stay in the broad area scanned when looking for a microchip.

My cat is an indoor cat - do I still need to microchip them?

Many things can lure your indoor kitty outside, making cat microchipping a must. Curious kitties can be intrigued by birds, squirrels, and other critters leading to escape attempts. Scaredy cats can get incredibly nervous if there are visitors in the house. A friend that leaves the door ajar or a plumber that has the door open to get their tools can give any skittish cat a tempting escape route. And if you have a mischievous cat, they are lying in wait for an opportunity, and it could just be a matter of time before they sneak out. Another thing is your indoor-only cat is not ALWAYS indoors. Whether you are taking your cat to the vet for a checkup or even on a plane for travel, there are multiple chances for them to escape. You should always keep your cat in a secure carrier during car rides and other transport, but microchips provide extra security.

If my pet gets lost, will the microchip tell me where my pet is?

No. It is not something where you log into an app and find your dog. The thing to remember is that a microchip is not a GPS. Your dog must be located by someone else and turned into a shelter or veterinarian. Some companies do offer GPS devices to put on your pet’s collar. These devices are great, especially if you go hiking, camping, or hunting. They cannot, however, replace the reliability of a microchip. Your cat or dog must always have it on, and it must be charged to work. Keep in mind that technology is constantly advancing, so it would not be surprising that a tiny GPS implant with a long-lasting battery life could be developed in the future.

Does microchipping hurt?

Microchips are implanted, very much the same way vaccines are administered with a hypodermic needle. This needle is larger than the ones used for vaccines, so it will likely cause an immediate “pinch or sting.” But just like vaccines, the sensation does not last long, and any lingering tenderness will subside over a short period of time. Once the injection is done, it is unlikely it will cause any more discomfort. Many people elect to wait until their pet is spayed or neutered to get a microchip, but it is unnecessary, as anesthesia is not needed for this procedure. Waiting for the appropriate time to spay or neuter your pet to get your pet microchipped will leave them without permanent identification for that amount of time.

Is there a recovery time after microchipping?

No, once the microchip is implanted, there is no aftercare or monitoring needed.

Is microchipping expensive/covered by pet insurance?

Microchips are relatively inexpensive; they are worth every penny when you consider the peace of mind that it can give you just by knowing that your pet has one. As with any insurance company, any covered expenses are determined by the type of coverage selected. Pet insurance covers accidents and illnesses that cannot be anticipated. If you have pet insurance that includes a wellness plan, it is most likely that there is a reimbursement amount based on your plan's set benefit schedule.

How do they know to contact me if my pet is found?

After your pet is microchipped, you will then need to have that chip registered. When you adopt a pet with a microchip, you will usually need to register it using the provided instructions. Many veterinarians will register microchips that they implant to make sure that the microchip does get registered. At this point, all the contact information that is provided is registered to the microchip and this is the information that will be used to contact you if your pet is found. Verify your contact information and alternate contact information once a year to make sure it is up to date. Some microchip companies even have apps that you can update information with or even report your missing pet.

When a microchipped pet is not reunited with its family, it is usually due to incorrect, missing information or an unregistered microchip.

How do I know if my pet is registered?

When your pet is microchipped, you should get some paperwork to register your microchip or email confirmation to verify the information. This will also tell you how your information can be updated when needed. DO NOT confuse microchip registration with needing to obtain a local license for your pet.

What happens if I forget my pet’s microchip number?

Your pet’s microchip should be in your pet’s medical record, and you should have it scanned from time to time to assure you that it is in place and is working. Any veterinarian or shelter with a microchip scanner can scan and provide the chip number to you. If you have lost track of where your chip is registered, you can look this up in the universal microchip database that the American Animal Hospital Association ( AAHA ) maintains. It will help identify the registry that your pet’s microchip is registered or identify the microchip brand so you can contact them.

If you haven't gotten your pet microchipped, call us today ! We want to ensure that, should your beloved pet gets lost, they will be returned to you with the help of this innovative device.

How to Keep Your Pets Safe Through Microchipping

Tue, 16 Feb 2021 15:39:00 GMT

What is a pet microchip?

My pet already wears tags - why do they need a microchip?

Many people assume that because their pets always have their tags on, their pet is safe, but this is not necessarily the case.

Even if your pet wears a collar and tags, your pet should get a microchip because:

People take collars off their pets all the time for baths and sometimes forget to put them back on.
Collars can get caught on things and break away.
Your pet can slip out of a collar on a walk and be lost without identification.
You can move and have outdated information on the tag.

Why should I microchip my cat or dog?

There are many reasons to microchip your pet, and they are as follows:

Having a microchip will increase the chance that your pet will be returned if they get lost.
It will give you peace of mind.
Your pet is protected 24/7.
It is required for international travel and documentation.
Natural disasters and emergencies are unpredictable; you never know what could happen.
It can aid in proof of ownership in case of theft.
Accidents happen.
Thunderstorms and fireworks can startle your pet, causing them to escape.
It is affordable.
It is simple and easy.

Is microchipping safe?

Where is the microchip inserted?

My cat is an indoor cat - do I still need to microchip them?

If my pet gets lost, will the microchip tell me where my pet is?

Does microchipping hurt?

Is there a recovery time after microchipping?

No, once the microchip is implanted, there is no aftercare or monitoring needed.

Is microchipping expensive/covered by pet insurance?

How do they know to contact me if my pet is found?

When a microchipped pet is not reunited with its family, it is usually due to incorrect, missing information or an unregistered microchip.

How do I know if my pet is registered?

What happens if I forget my pet’s microchip number?

If you haven't gotten your pet microchipped, call us today ! We want to ensure that, should your beloved pet gets lost, they will be returned to you with the help of this innovative device.

Warm and Fuzzy: 6 Winter Storm Safety Tips For Your Pets

Tue, 02 Feb 2021 18:02:00 GMT

As you fire up the woodstove, gas up the generators, load up on flashlights and firewood, and other winter storm preparation, remember that your pet needs special preventive care and prep, too. Follow these six tips to keep your pet safe and warm in the face of an upcoming storm.

1. Keep Pets Warm, Safe, and Destressed in the Event of a Power Outage

As anyone who has ever prepared for a big Nor'easter knows, the power going out is almost a certainty. You've surely planned for ensuring that your family members will be warm, but don't forget your fur babies. Yes, cats and dogs have an extra coat of fur but that doesn't mean they won't feel the cold if and when your heat goes out. Make sure their kennels and favorite areas are lined with extra bedding and if these things are in an area of the house that tends to be cooler than others, consider moving them.

You'll inevitably have to take them outside to go to the bathroom, even for an ultra-fast in-and-out potty break. Be sure to look for and avoid downed power lines. If you see any, report them to the power company.

Just as on a loud or scary holiday for pets, such as the 4th of July, a big storm can make them extremely anxious. Keep your fur babies close by so that you can send the message, "I'm here. We're safe. You're safe. It's going to be okay."

2. Dress for the Weather

Again, having a coat of pet fur doesn't mean your pet is okay without additional protection from the cold. Small, short-haired, and short-legged breeds may need a jacket or sweater to help ward off the winter chill. Young, old, and sick pets should also wear an extra layer as they may not be able to regulate their body temperature effectively.

Additionally, winter walks can wreak havoc on your pet’s paws. Protective booties and balms can keep paw pads safe from ice, salt, and other harmful chemicals, but you should always be sure to wipe your pet’s feet and fur thoroughly with a clean, dry towel before coming back inside.

Not sure how cold is too cold? Watch for these signs your pet needs to bundle up:

Shivering
Hunching or curling up
Moving slowly
Lifting paws off the ground
Whining
Seeking shelter

3. Beware of Chemicals

Winter is beautiful—but don’t forget, that freshly fallen snow on your sidewalk or driveway may soon be covered in salt, ice melt, or other toxic chemicals, like antifreeze. Be sure to clean up any spills or leaks immediately, keep containers securely closed and out of reach, use protective booties during walks, and give your pet a thorough wipe-down after a trip outdoors to prevent him from licking any harmful substances off his fur or paws.

4. Keep Pets Comfortable

Just like in humans, the onset of colder weather can make some medical conditions , such as arthritis, worse. Keep time outdoors to a minimum and make sure your pet has plenty of places to get cozy away from drafty windows or doors and off the floor (but not too high or difficult to access). As previously mentioned, try moving your pet’s bed to a sunny area of the house or adding a few extra blankets as well.

If your pet hasn’t been diagnosed with arthritis or other joint issues but is showing signs such as limping, stiffness, reluctance to climb or jump, repeated licking over a joint, or changes in behavior or personality, particularly during cold weather, consult with your veterinarian.

5. Watch Out for Strays

Stray and feral cats will often seek shelter in the wheel wells of cars to keep warm overnight but can be severely injured or killed when the engine starts. To prevent this, always bang loudly on the hood or honk the horn before starting your car during the winter months.

6. Keep Them Inside

The best way to protect your pet from the elements is to keep him inside as much as possible, especially if the temperature is below freezing. Keep in mind that leaving your pet in a car is just as dangerous in winter as it is in summer. Parked cars cool down rapidly and hold in the cold like a refrigerator, putting your pet at risk for hypothermia, frostbite, and even death. Remember, if it’s too cold for you, it’s too cold for your pet!

If you'd like more tips on how to keep your pet safe this winter, check out this list of cold weather safety tips from the ASPCA. The ASPCA also offers specific tips for pets during Nor'easters , such as making sure your pets are microchipped and have their tags on, putting together emergency kits, having a prepared information card for your pet in case of an emergency vet trip , and stocking up on pet food and medicine .

Do you need help getting your pets prepared for the cold weather or an impending storm? Give us a call !

Warm and Fuzzy: 6 Winter Storm Safety Tips For Your Pets

Tue, 02 Feb 2021 18:02:00 GMT

1. Keep Pets Warm, Safe, and Destressed in the Event of a Power Outage

2. Dress for the Weather

Not sure how cold is too cold? Watch for these signs your pet needs to bundle up:

Shivering
Hunching or curling up
Moving slowly
Lifting paws off the ground
Whining
Seeking shelter

3. Beware of Chemicals

4. Keep Pets Comfortable

5. Watch Out for Strays

6. Keep Them Inside

Do you need help getting your pets prepared for the cold weather or an impending storm? Give us a call !

How to Care For Your Senior Cat to Provide the Best Quality of Life

Thu, 21 Jan 2021 18:18:00 GMT

Did you know that the Blue Cross has found that domesticated cats can live to 20 years of age? That’s great news for all of us in the cat-crazy crowd but, as veterinarians, these findings also motivate us to share awareness on how to care for senior cats . Age is not a disease, so we don’t want cat owners to think, “Well, the cat is 13, so illness and slowing down is to be expected.” While that is true to a certain extent, regular wellness exams and effort on your part can reduce the impact of aging on cats.

Why is this important? Cats are stoic creatures, so they don’t often show signs of pain until the disease has progressed quite far. Cats can get things like arthritis and painful teeth as they age, and, of course, you want to make sure to minimize these issues for your fur babies. Being a responsible cat parent means you should look for any signs of behavior changes as your pet ages and bring this to your vet's attention sooner rather than later. There are plenty of other things you can do to help your aging cat, and we explore that below.

How to Handle Nutrition As Your Cat Ages

There are many senior foods on the market, but most veterinarians will tell you that you don’t necessarily have to switch to these items when your cat's considered a senior. Instead, ask yourself—what does their health look like? What does their lifestyle look like? If your cat shows signs of early diabetes or early kidney disease, we might choose to change their nutrition to include a diet consistent with those diseases’ needs. Or if we have a kitty that's having more issues with grooming, we might switch to a hairball diet to aid in that problem.

Signs That Your Aging Cat May Be Slowing Down

Again, there is no uniform way that cats age. Some kitties are active, while others are total couch potatoes, just like the rest of us. That’s why it’s vital as a pet parent to watch the way our cats act from day to day, as sudden changes in the ways our cats interact with us can be indicative of something more ominous. For example, if you have a kitty that’s usually a lap cat but they're spending more time by themselves, that could be a sign that something is going on. For kitties that go outdoors, they may not want to go outdoors as much. You may notice them hesitating to jump on a counter or a table to look for stuff to investigate and other cat shenanigans. Don’t just chalk these cat behaviors up to old age. As veterinarians, we’d rather know about any behavior changes or anything else that concerns you as your cat gets older. Getting to the core of and possibly treating the problem before it gets worse can add years to your cat’s life.

Some Health Issues and Complications Seen in Older Cats

The most common issue we see beyond arthritis and mobility issues is kidney disease. We can see kidney disease at any age, but the onset is typically in the cat’s senior years. Kidney disease is often manifested as either weight loss, vomiting, or changes in urine output. Your cat might start drinking and urinating more. But we also could see issues with the thyroid gland. It becomes overactive, and that's manifested as a really ravenous appetite, occasional hyperactivity, and possibly vomiting and weight loss. Those are the health issues veterinarians watch out for most frequently in senior cats, although arthritis is also a common problem with any elderly pet. Arthritis can cause trouble in getting around and issues with jumping and general cat mobility. You might even notice that your senior cat has litter box and grooming problems.

Preventative Care That Can Help With Longevity and Quality of Life

Preventative care is a multi-pronged approach that involves both the veterinarian and pet owner, as there are many things that you can do at home to keep your cat healthy. You can make changes in your home to ensure that they don't have to work too hard to get to their litter box or their food and water. If your cat is beginning to have a hard time getting around and your litter box is up high or on another floor, it may be time to make those adjustments. The same goes for food—if they typically eat on a counter, you either need to help them up to the counter or consider putting their food on the floor.

Another thing that many cat owners don’t think about enough is keeping aging cats physically and mentally stimulated. Exercise and enrichment are still essential, so we need to keep their brains active. Just as in people, the more we use it, the less we lose it. You can get cat puzzles and enlist interactive toys to keep your cat’s mind and body fit.

As veterinarians, it’s our job to help you monitor and detect diseases and hopefully nip them in the bud. We will do that by conducting more frequent exams, so we like to see cats every six months as they get older. We may also recommend annual blood work as they get older to start screening for kidney or thyroid disease before they become an issue that will plague the cat. And then, we will also keep up with age and lifestyle-appropriate vaccines .

The Most Vital Takeaway in Caring For a Senior Cat

The most important thing to remember is that you're their best advocate and know them best. Cats can be kind of hard to diagnose at times because, as we mentioned, they're secretive creatures. The better you know them as their pet parent, the better you're going to be able to tell when something's off. Veterinarians do their best to get to know your cats when they see them, but having that intimate knowledge of your cat's personality and normal activities can make a huge difference. If you take note of any changes in their interactions, in their routines, changes in appetite, or litter box habits, then we want to see them.

If you have any questions about caring for an aging cat or if your senior kitty is overdue for a checkup, please give us a call !

How to Care For Your Senior Cat to Provide the Best Quality of Life

Thu, 21 Jan 2021 18:18:00 GMT

How to Handle Nutrition As Your Cat Ages

Signs That Your Aging Cat May Be Slowing Down

Some Health Issues and Complications Seen in Older Cats

Preventative Care That Can Help With Longevity and Quality of Life

The Most Vital Takeaway in Caring For a Senior Cat

If you have any questions about caring for an aging cat or if your senior kitty is overdue for a checkup, please give us a call !

How to Enrich and Socialize Your Pup to Ensure Good Behavior and Avoid Catastrophes

Thu, 07 Jan 2021 20:31:00 GMT

The holidays are behind us and, if you’re like a good portion of our country or even the world, you may very well have brought a new puppy or dog home. You’ve got their dog bed in the perfect spot, you’ve hopefully found a nutritious brand of dog food they like, you’ve set up your veterinary appointment and gotten them on a vaccination schedule , and you’ve surely had your share of top-to-bottom face kisses. You’ve likely even begun training or hired a trainer. Good on you! A well-trained dog will make for a long and peaceful coexistence between you and your new fur friend.

Two things you might not have considered or perhaps even heard about in reference to dogs are socialization and enrichment. Those words might sound a little hoity-toity for a pet that does their business outside but bear with us on this. These are two concepts that are often overlooked and, because of that, the dog could end up bored or ill-behaved (or ill-behaved because they’re bored!). As veterinarians, we see dogs rehomed far too often for behavior that could have been nipped in the bud with some enrichment and socialization, which is why we’ve shared some of our know-how on these concepts below.

Why are training and socialization essential?

We won’t get into training as much in this article, but dog training and socialization tend to go hand in hand, so we’ll touch on it a bit. Getting a good training relationship with your dog as early as possible is probably one of the most valuable things you can do for your pet. Think about it this way—we are two species trying to live in the same environment with very different social structures and communication methods. Creating a form of communication with them and setting expectations as early as possible can make a massive difference in the quality of life and the dog’s health over their lifetime. We are not overstating this! Socialization plays a huge role in this. If you rescued a puppy after what’s considered by most veterinarians to be the prime socialization period, or perhaps you adopted an older dog, don’t fret. When you have the opportunity to do so, that’s great. But there are still plenty of ways you can help an older dog with training and socialization.

What exactly is socialization?

Most people assume socialization is having a new puppy meet as many dogs and people as possible as soon as possible. And although that is an excellent idea once your pup has their first round of immunizations and you do this socializing in a controlled environment, these doggo or puppy playdates are less than half of what socialization's really about. Socialization is starting to understand the world as a safe place. You must expose your pup or pooch to different types of environments, whether it’s the water or the woods. You even want them to experience various kinds of surfaces, not just grass, concrete, and rocks. This might sound trivial, but the more we can expose dogs or puppies to positive experiences early on, the better things will go for that dog and, in turn, the better they will go for you.

The critical socialization period in dogs is three weeks to three months, although there is some flexibility on either end, depending on the dog, the breed, and genetics. In general, though, that critical socialization period starts around three to four weeks. These early life experiences make a profound difference in the rest of their life. So if you are looking into a breeder situation and are evaluating those breeders in terms of what they're doing for early socialization, this can make a big difference. You don’t want your dog to be afraid of the world, as a scared dog can be a biting dog in certain situations, so exposure early and often is super beneficial.

In addition to the environmental exposure, show them different people in various scenarios—a person in a wheelchair, a person wearing a hat, different clothing types, different types of people, people on crutches, and other types of things that may move around them in the environment such as bikes and skateboards. As veterinarians, we want your dog or your puppy to meet other people and other dogs, but, again, that’s just a fraction of socialization.

What is enrichment, and why is it important?

Enrichment is one of the most important things you can do for your pet. It’s easy to think, “Oh, my dog's happy sleeping on the couch while I'm gone because that's what dogs do.” And in some ways, that's true, but it's imperative to think about the fact that our dogs are intelligent creatures that need stimulation. Yes, even your dog that gets into the trash and walks around with a bucket on his head! Don’t panic and assume that we’re recommending 24 hours of entertainment a day, but it does mean that we need to consider incorporating that in our daily lives. And it doesn't have to be labor-intensive, as there are so many different YouTube videos on DIY enrichment.

It could be as simple as an interactive puzzle, a DIY obstacle course, a toy that dispenses treats while playing, or even taking a cardboard box and feeding half of your dog's dinner in there mixed with some paper shreds. The latter is so they have to dig around and tear a little bit to get their dinner for the night. Activities like this should always be supervised, as you don’t want your dog consuming things they're not supposed to. Enrichment equates to working your dog's brain and making their life more than just eating, drinking, and sleeping in the confines of your home. We know you have to rush some dog walks because you have to get to work, etc., but when you have the time, take your dog on a nice, long, slow walk or hike and really let them sniff around—dogs are olfactory creatures!

When should I punish a behavior?

Never! Not punishing your pup might sound counterintuitive, as puppies can surely push our buttons by getting into things, chewing things, and eating things they're not supposed to—what we need to teach them is what you want them to do instead. Just as with kids, it’s about redirection. What sort of behaviors do you want in your environment? If you simply tell your puppy, "I don't want you to chew on the couch," that does nothing. They don't understand that. Instead, say, "Hey, chew on this. This is a good idea." Or, "I don't want you to pee in my living room; let’s pee outside and make it a fun experience,” perhaps even with treats when first getting started. We want to reinforce those behaviors that we like to keep the peace and to keep your dog safe.

Punishment doesn't work. Punishment tells them in the moment that something terrifying happens when they pee on the carpet, but it doesn't teach them what you want them to do in the long haul. And all it does is damage your relationship with your puppy.

If you need further inspiration on ways to go about enriching and/or socializing your new pup or dog, feel free to give us a call !

How to Enrich and Socialize Your Pup to Ensure Good Behavior and Avoid Catastrophes

Thu, 07 Jan 2021 20:31:00 GMT

Why are training and socialization essential?

What exactly is socialization?

What is enrichment, and why is it important?

When should I punish a behavior?

If you need further inspiration on ways to go about enriching and/or socializing your new pup or dog, feel free to give us a call !

5 Puppy Behaviors to Nip in the Bud (And Other Pertinent Puppy Tips!)

Tue, 01 Dec 2020 16:07:00 GMT

From puppy breath and snuggle seshes to silly selfies and watching them fall asleep right in their food bowls, puppies are, quite frankly, perfection. As veterinarians, however, we always want to make sure that anyone considering taking the puppy plunge understands that, along with all of the good stuff, taking care of puppies can be a lot of work. Not only that, but they are itty bitty balls of energy that require a lot of time and dedication.

It’s not that we don’t want you to enjoy your PuppyPalooza, but we hate when we see them get rehomed for being, well , puppies. But if you’re new to the game, you might not know what’s normal puppy behavior and what’s not. Along with a discussion on that below, we’ll share five puppy behaviors you want to nip in the bud...for your sake and your bitty ball of fur, too!

How can I tell if my puppy has behavior issues?

Your expectations and lifestyle define behavior issues. A behavior that is a problem in one household - such as getting on the furniture - may be welcomed in another. If your pup is practicing behavior that is not ideal in your circumstance, find a way to redirect that energy or reinforce an alternative behavior. Reach out to your veterinarian for help with this.

How much puppy biting is considered normal?

Mouthing and nipping behavior is normal in all puppies….so is peeing wherever they want, unfortunately! The critical question is, what do you want to consider normal in your household? In most situations, we want essentially no mouthing or nipping behavior long-term. The management of the mouthing habit in puppies is vital to a healthy relationship long-term and may be a matter of life and death in some dogs’ lives. Teaching a puppy bite inhibition (or having a soft mouth) is relatively straightforward in most situations. Many veterinarians have helpful handouts on this with guidelines on this process, so be sure to ask.

Why is teaching your puppy how to have a soft mouth so important?

Any dog has the potential to bite in certain situations; for example, if their tail gets closed in the door, if they have an injury out in the woods, or they get startled by a toddler. If a dog has learned bite inhibition as a puppy, they instinctively know how to “pull their punches.” Dogs with good bite inhibition will cause less damage in situations where they reflexively bite.

This bite inhibition is important from a human safety standpoint, but it can become a crucial factor if the dog needs to be rehomed at some point in life. The idea of rehoming your precious pup may be unthinkable right now, but sometimes life changes. A very happy dog with a quiet couple may not adjust well if a baby comes along. We need to set our dogs up for success as much as possible. Dogs that have poor bite inhibition will cause much more severe bites when scared or injured. A serious bite history can be a death sentence for a dog in rescue. It may seem silly to worry about those puppy nibbles, but having a soft mouth is a lesson every puppy needs!

Do all puppies have what’s considered to be a rebellious phase?

The adolescent phase can be a trial in just about any species. This is true for dogs as well. The adolescent phase starts around six months and can last until 2-3 years of age in some dogs. Dog adolescence is a time of testing boundaries, lots of hormonal changes, and often a bit of fear. This mix can lead to many challenges with training and behavior. Surviving the adolescent phase without too much stress can be done with a good training routine, a lot of enrichment, and patience.

How should I discipline my puppy for behaviors that I don’t want to continue?

Discipline or punishment is NEVER the answer. We need to cue and reinforce the behaviors we WANT to see in our pups. Dogs only continue behaviors that work. If we stop (inadvertently, in most cases) reinforcing unwanted behaviors, they will cease eventually. By redirecting to and reinforcing behaviors we want, this extinction of unwanted behaviors will often go away more quickly.

5 Puppy Behaviors to Nip in the Bud

“Good” versus “bad” dog behaviors are a bit of a gray area because, as we mentioned earlier, some behaviors are acceptable in certain families while others are not. There are some puppy behaviors that can be downright dangerous, however, and those are the ones that we want to nip in the bud. Perspectives on this may vary depending on the size and the breed of your puppy.

1. Jumping

Why do puppies and dogs jump on us? In most cases, they want attention and interaction. When we push them away or tell them “No” or “Off”, we’re fulfilling those desires, whether we like it or not. If we want to stop the jumping, we need to give them an alternative. Teach a default sit. This is a foundational behavior that has a million uses - this is just one of them.

When your pup jumps - ignore them. Turn your face or even your whole body away and stay silent until they have all four feet on the floor or even sit. In many cases, a dog with a default sit cue will eventually sit in an attempt to get attention. The MOMENT those feet or the bum hit the ground and stay there for more than a second or so, reinforce!!! (This is why we always need cookies in our pockets.) It’s not going to be pretty or perfect, but in many cases, this is all it takes. Don’t allow your dog to jump up on others, even if they say it is OK. Ask them to turn to the side and ignore the dog. For dogs with a longstanding jumping problem or those that are a bit more stubborn, additional steps may be helpful. Just check in with us or your trainer for some other techniques to build the habit you want. And remember: Punishment never works long-term and will damage your relationship with your pup!

2. Poor Leash Manners

Poor leash manners isn’t a life or death situation, per se, but it can actually be dangerous if your puppy grows into a huge dog and you’re just a tiny human! In general, having an impolite walker is more of a nuisance but, as you can imagine, as dogs get big, bigger, and possibly biggest, this could make for a perilous circumstance if your dog pulls you or, worse, gets off-leash to pursue another dog or a squirrel. Having good leash manners will also help if you are out to keep your dog from jumping up on others. Have your dog sit, you can even step on the leash to keep your dog from jumping up, this will keep them in place for you to either get in front of them to get their attention or to free up your hand so you can have treats ready.

3. Nipping/Mouthing

We’ve covered a bit of this in other topics, but the most dangerous behaviors in puppies are those that can or will affect your relationship long-term, if left unmanaged. The biggest of those would be nipping/mouthing behavior. Early management and intervention is the best thing we can do with any behavior concern. You absolutely cannot check-in enough. Please let us help with anything that comes up!

4. Guarding Behavior

It’s important to understand the difference between guarding and aggression. Guarding is when your dog feels the need to hide or protect what they have, the most common of which are toys and food. They may growl when a person or another pet is near. If left unchecked your dog could develop aggression (lunging and biting) and that is a lot harder to overcome, as it will take professional guidance and a lot of patience.

Avoid tug-o-war with dogs that have guarding behaviors. Have a lot of toys and treats when you are first working with them on guarding. They need to feel comfortable that you won’t take away their toys, and if you do, they need to know that they will get them back. Start off by having the toys close to you, try to stay in the same place, and move slowly. When they drop the toy, give them another toy or a treat, and then give them the toy back. Keep repeating with different toys until your dog becomes comfortable.

If you have another dog in the home, keep the other dog away as you are working with them one on one. Reward your dog when they are allowing the other dog to chew on a toy by either giving them rubs or yummy treats. The message is that they receive good things when their furry sibling is enjoying time with a toy. This is a similar technique to food guarding as well. You can feed them straight from your hand or place handfuls of food in the bowl once they finish and back away, have them wait, and add more food. Having them wait for your OK or release to eat teaches them good manners. If you ever suspect your dog has aggressive behavior, speak to your veterinarian about ways that they can help.

5. Barking

Dogs communicate with you by barking, and letting your puppy know that you are listening is an important part of training and behavior. Letting them know when to be quiet is also part of being a well-behaved dog. This doesn’t mean that you should never let your dog bark, but they should know when it is OK to bark and when it isn’t. Just like with kids, if you let them get away with it, they will continue to do it. You may become immune to the barking but this could be an issue down the road with family, friends, or neighbors.

How soon should I get my puppy into behavior training?

Behavior training such as basic obedience (sit, down, stay) is vital to developing a good line of communication for your puppy, as well as setting clear expectations. Behavior training should start as soon as your pup settles in at home. The much more important aspect of most early training programs is socialization. Any good puppy class will focus most of their time on environmental socialization. Training will also help you and your puppy bond.

The socialization period in puppies lasts from about 3 weeks to 3 months of age. This period is vital for creating a well-rounded and resilient dog. This means that early environmental socialization should be starting while the pup is still with their breeder or foster parent. Early socialization can take place in the form of noises, smells, and textures as well as gentle handling intended to produce very low levels of stress to the pup to help them develop healthy coping mechanisms. As puppies grow and begin entering their adoptive homes, it’s still important to continue this socialization. 70-80% of socialization should be environmental. That means that you should not spend most of your time introducing your pup to other dogs and people. Focus on the world and all the noise, texture, and movement that takes place there. Your payback will be a less fearful, more resilient pup!

The only things most veterinarians would consider truly abnormal behaviors are extreme fear and/or anxiety, signs of aggression (not just playing), or anything that may indicate a medical issue in your puppy such as lethargy, inappetence, circling behavior, pressing their head against a wall, or any sort of vomiting or diarrhea. There’s no way we could list every possible sign of a problem, so never hesitate to call your vet if you have concerns. We’d rather hear from you frequently than have you wait too long when something’s wrong!

5 Puppy Behaviors to Nip in the Bud (And Other Pertinent Puppy Tips!)

Tue, 01 Dec 2020 16:07:00 GMT

How can I tell if my puppy has behavior issues?

How much puppy biting is considered normal?

Why is teaching your puppy how to have a soft mouth so important?

Do all puppies have what’s considered to be a rebellious phase?

How should I discipline my puppy for behaviors that I don’t want to continue?

5 Puppy Behaviors to Nip in the Bud

1. Jumping

2. Poor Leash Manners

3. Nipping/Mouthing

4. Guarding Behavior

5. Barking

How soon should I get my puppy into behavior training?

Super Sweaters, Bombastic Booties & Other Winter Tips For Your Dog

Thu, 12 Nov 2020 20:07:00 GMT

When Benjamin Franklin said that there were only two things that are certain in life - death and taxes - he forgot about winter. Love it or hate it, it’s comin’ in hot...er, cold. And while you know what you need to keep yourself safe and warm, do you know how your dog feels out in the cold? The truth is, you don’t. And as veterinarians, it’s our job to remind you of that. Because you don’t know what your dog feels, it’s important to consider the winter implications for them. We explore the dangers of cold weather for your pup, how to ensure your dog’s safety, whether your doggo needs a sweater on walks, and more below.

To Sweater or Not to Sweater?

It is very unlikely that your dog will need a sweater if you live in a climate where the temperature doesn’t get below 50 degrees. Dogs have a much higher body temperature than humans and they tolerate the cold better. They also have a natural fur coat that helps to keep them insulated from the weather. Even more importantly, you should consider that, in warm or even fairly warm-weather climates, your pet may be too hot in a sweater. If your dog is panting, excessively drooling, or is overly thirsty, these are good indicators that your dog is too hot and you should remove the sweater.

If the temperature is around 30, dogs can typically be outside for about 30-40 minutes without a jacket or dog sweater. The more active your dog is, the warmer they will stay and can remain outside for longer amounts of time. If the temperature is less than 30 degrees, they should be checked upon. A good rule of thumb to follow is when it is cold (under 30 degrees), limit the time outside to the temperature—10 degrees, 10 minutes, and so on.

If you do live in an area where the temperatures dip to near-freezing or freezing, you need to realize that the weather will affect the exposed body parts of your dog, such as their feet, ears, and nose. Even if you do put on a sweater, you will want to monitor these areas of your dog. If they go to the bathroom, that moisture may freeze and cause problems to the exposed skin if you and your pooch are outside too long.

Other Elements Beyond Temperature

We need to consider other elements that may affect your dog while they are outside, like rain, snow, and wind. This can affect the comfort of your dog and having a sweater or rain jacket will come in handy. Even though the temperature may be 35 degrees, with rain and snow, the elements will affect your dog, just like it would do for you. If you are rolling around in the snow or getting wet from rain, it feels a lot colder than what it is.

If there is a reason that you must leave your dog outside alone, you will always want to provide shelter regardless of the temperature. The shelter should have a top and 3 sides, with one of those sides facing the way the wind is blowing protecting your dog. Inside, you should have some sort of bed that they will be able to curl up in to keep warm. Ideally, you’ll want to keep your dog with you inside in the case of cold or inclement weather, especially if they’re not huskies...more on that below.

Breeds Matter When it Comes to Weather

Various dog breeds handle the weather a lot differently. If you have a normal, short-coated Chihuahua, they will not tolerate the cold. They may enjoy a sweater and booties to keep them warm when it is 50 degrees out. Remember, though, that Chihuahuas will also shake out of fear sometimes, and that can be mistaken for them being cold.

When it comes to Poodles and other dogs that grow hair, it is best to let their hair grow out to protect them from the elements. Be cautioned, however, that their feet will get wet and that hair will like to collect snowballs. If your dog’s hair is still short, you may want to consider a sweater. Booties are great for keeping their feet clean and dry. Also, we generally recommend you bathe your dogs a lot less in the wintertime to avoid having them get sick.

Huskies were designed for the cold weather. Any dog with a double-coat has a high tolerance for the cold weather, even an itty bitty Pomeranian! How do you tell if your dog has a double-coat? There is a long coarse outer coat, and the undercoat is soft and fluffy, so they will have a nice layer of fur that is hard to see on their skin. Although cute, a sweater may not offer them any more comfort than their own natural fur coat and, in fact, a sweater could cause them to overheat in some circumstances. If they do go for long walks in the snow and ice, booties with a nice rubber bottom would benefit them. Brush their coat frequently to allow their natural oils to work and so their undercoat does not get matted to their skin. Use petroleum jelly on paw pads during the winter months to protect against salt and other harsh chemicals.

Another thing to take into consideration is the age and weight of your dog. If your dog is overweight, they will not get as cold as a dog that is either underweight or in good shape, but in the case of an older dog, an overweight dog is also a higher risk of the cold affecting their joints. Even though an overweight dog may not get as cold, the cold can affect them in other ways. You should talk to your veterinarian about your dog’s activity levels and age when it comes to the winter weather and what can be done to keep them comfortable and safe during this cold season.

Protective Gear

Let’s talk about the difference between all the protective clothing that you can find for your dog and what it’s meant for:

A basic sweater is meant to keep your dog warm, with little protection from wind or rain.
A jacket for your dog will protect your pet from colder temperatures and has one to two layers for added comfort. This should be used if the temperature is low and your dog doesn’t have a lot of natural protection.
A rain jacket will help to keep your dog mostly dry, but there are still areas that you will need to dry off when they come inside.
There are many types of booties you can get, from the simple slip-on sock-like to ones that have full protection that is used by search and rescue. You will want to gradually get your dog used to them. Give treats when they are on, make it a positive experience.

If your dog is enjoying their walk and doesn’t seem to show signs of discomfort, keep going!

Can I Take My Dog With Me in the Car During Winter?

Everyone knows how much dogs love being in the car. Whether their heads are out the window or they’re just happy to be with you on your weekend jaunt, dogs are generally over the moon to be in cars. However, just as you hear all of the warnings about taking dogs with you in the car during the summer due to overheating, you need to be just as cautious during the winter months. In fact, the ASPCA warns that leaving a dog in a freezing car can be just as dangerous as leaving them in a hot car. This is especially true if the car isn’t running, as your vehicle essentially turns into a refrigerator, and your dog runs the risk of getting hypothermia .

As Hill’s Pet Nutrition notes, “It’s generally safe to leave your dog in the car for a maximum of five minutes, and when the outside temperature is above freezing and below 70 degrees." If you have someone with you, have that person stay in the heated car with the dog while you run your errand. If that’s not possible, just remember to get in and get out, as time is of the essence!

A good and simple rule of thumb is if it’s too cold for you, it’s too cold for your dog! However, if you have other questions or concerns about keeping your dog safe this winter, please don’t hesitate to give us a call .

Super Sweaters, Bombastic Booties & Other Winter Tips For Your Dog

Thu, 12 Nov 2020 20:07:00 GMT

To Sweater or Not to Sweater?

Other Elements Beyond Temperature

Breeds Matter When it Comes to Weather

Protective Gear

Let’s talk about the difference between all the protective clothing that you can find for your dog and what it’s meant for:

A basic sweater is meant to keep your dog warm, with little protection from wind or rain.
A jacket for your dog will protect your pet from colder temperatures and has one to two layers for added comfort. This should be used if the temperature is low and your dog doesn’t have a lot of natural protection.
A rain jacket will help to keep your dog mostly dry, but there are still areas that you will need to dry off when they come inside.
There are many types of booties you can get, from the simple slip-on sock-like to ones that have full protection that is used by search and rescue. You will want to gradually get your dog used to them. Give treats when they are on, make it a positive experience.

If your dog is enjoying their walk and doesn’t seem to show signs of discomfort, keep going!

Can I Take My Dog With Me in the Car During Winter?

The Secret to a Safe But Spectacular Halloween With Pets

Wed, 28 Oct 2020 13:47:00 GMT

July 4th gets a bad rap for being the worst holiday for pets, but Halloween brings some concerns of its own. We’re not trying to be the Debbie Downers of the season (you’re welcome for the costume idea, BTW) but, as veterinarians, our job is to keep your fur friends safe. So as you’re carving those pumpkins and getting your wee witches and warlocks ready for the big day, set aside some time to make sure you’re keeping your furry felines and hairy hounds safe, too.

Keep Your Pets Indoors Far From the Frights

Whether you have trick-or-treaters stop by your home or you opt for a small family get-together, it’s best to keep pets inside during the evening of Halloween. Pets can become easily startled during all the commotion, especially when they are not used to strangers visiting the home. Not only that, but some pets might try to bolt out when opening the door to trick-or-treaters and no one wants to experience having their pet become lost. Microchipping (more on that later) helps when it comes to lost pets but the best thing is to keep them in an area where bolting every time the door opens isn’t even an option.

Don’t Force a Costume On Your Pet

We get it. Anything for the ‘Gram, right? We understand that dressing up your pet in a costume can be a fun way to have them participate in the Halloween hoopla. However, it’s important to keep in mind that costumes are not for all pets and they can actually cause distress for the dogs and cats that aren’t comfortable wearing them.

If you decide to put your pet in a costume, make sure that the costume fits them properly and doesn’t restrict their movement or interfere with their sight, hearing, breathing, or opening their mouth. Make sure there are no costume pieces that can easily be chewed off or become choking hazards. Additionally, never leave your pet unattended while they are wearing a costume. If your pet is obviously stressed out and not comfortable with wearing a costume, take it off of them immediately. Nothing is worth causing unnecessary discomfort to your precious pets.

Don’t Forget Those IDs!

Whether they are dressed up or not, your pet should have proper identification on them at all times. During the commotion of trick-or-treaters or having a get-together, your home could quickly become a House of Horrors if your pet happens to escape outside and become lost.

The most common form of identification is a collar with a name tag containing information such as your pet’s name, your name, and a current phone number. Keep in mind that collars are not fool-proof, as they can come off your pet while they are wandering around. This is particularly true of cat collars, as they are designed to break away so they don’t cause the cat to choke if they get caught on a bush or something else.

Microchipping is a great form of permanent identification that will last for the lifetime of your pet. A microchip is a small chip that is inserted under your pet’s skin via injection. This process is absolutely safe for both cats and dogs. If your pet is found by someone and taken to an animal shelter or pet hospital, the microchip can be scanned to obtain your pet’s microchip number, and they will be able to contact the microchip company to get your contact information. From there, you will be notified and be able to be reunited with your beloved pet.

Tricks Are Fine, But Skip the Treats!

It’s not quite Halloween without buckets of candy around the house. While the family is indulging in Halloween treats, just be sure that you lil’ minion or butterfly don’t help themselves to your candy stash. Chocolates, especially dark chocolate and baking chocolate, are extremely toxic to pets and can cause serious risk to their health .

The Secret to a Safe But Spectacular Halloween With Pets

Wed, 28 Oct 2020 13:47:00 GMT

Keep Your Pets Indoors Far From the Frights

Don’t Force a Costume On Your Pet

Don’t Forget Those IDs!

Tricks Are Fine, But Skip the Treats!

Pets + Chocolate = A Monstrous Halloween - What You Need to Know!

Tue, 27 Oct 2020 17:35:00 GMT

With Halloween mere days away, kids are already formulating their trick or treat routes. This includes strategizing based on the knowledge from former years on the houses that give out the full candy bars, as everyone knows those are prime targets for those of us that love chocolate. In other words, all of us . Do you know who else seems to be immune to the irresistible draw of chocolate? Doggos. And, as just about everyone knows, dogs and chocolate are a bad combination. But just how dangerous is chocolate for dogs and pets in general? We explore that below.

Why is chocolate bad for pets?

Chocolate contains components like Theobromine and caffeine that can cause toxicity in high doses. Theobromine is a chemical we humans can digest quickly whereas dogs cannot. The slower digestion period allows for the chemical to build up and reach toxic levels at a quicker rate.

How much chocolate is toxic to dogs?

That depends on how much is eaten, what kind of chocolate is eaten, and how much the dog weighs. White and milk chocolates are less toxic than dark and baker's chocolates.

Is chocolate toxic for cats as well?

Yes, but typically cats won't actively seek it out like dogs will. Sneaky dogs!

What should I do if my pet eats chocolate?

Consult your veterinarian, as they may ask you to induce vomiting.

How long does it take for a pet to show signs of chocolate toxicity?

That also depends on how much is eaten, what kind of chocolate is eaten, and how much the dog weighs.

What are the symptoms of chocolate poisoning?

The symptoms vary from pet to pet and also due to the amount and type of chocolate ingested, but the first thing you'll likely notice is extreme hyperactivity in your pet.

The other symptoms of chocolate poisoning in pets are as follows:

Agitation
Panting
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Racing heart rate
High blood pressure
Abnormal heart rhythm
Seizures
Tremors

Can pets die from ingesting chocolate?

The amount of chocolate a pet ingests and the size of the pet is going to be factored in the outcome. A larger pet is more likely to be able to ingest chocolate and be fine after treatment than a smaller pet. The unfortunate answer, however, is that, yes, pets can die from ingesting large amounts of chocolate or cocoa.

If my pet only got a hold of a little bit of chocolate and seems fine, should I still bring them to a vet?

Yes! Always consult with your vet. We have a handy calculator that helps us see, depending on your pet's weight and how much they ate, if it is a toxic dose or not.

The only thing scary about Halloween should be the ghost and ghoul costumes—make sure you and your kiddos keep your candy stash somewhere that even the most resourceful pet can’t access. However, if you do suspect your pet might have ingested chocolate, definitely call us right away.

Pets + Chocolate = A Monstrous Halloween - What You Need to Know!

Tue, 27 Oct 2020 17:35:00 GMT

Why is chocolate bad for pets?

How much chocolate is toxic to dogs?

That depends on how much is eaten, what kind of chocolate is eaten, and how much the dog weighs. White and milk chocolates are less toxic than dark and baker's chocolates.

Is chocolate toxic for cats as well?

Yes, but typically cats won't actively seek it out like dogs will. Sneaky dogs!

What should I do if my pet eats chocolate?

Consult your veterinarian, as they may ask you to induce vomiting.

How long does it take for a pet to show signs of chocolate toxicity?

That also depends on how much is eaten, what kind of chocolate is eaten, and how much the dog weighs.

What are the symptoms of chocolate poisoning?

The symptoms vary from pet to pet and also due to the amount and type of chocolate ingested, but the first thing you'll likely notice is extreme hyperactivity in your pet.

The other symptoms of chocolate poisoning in pets are as follows:

Agitation
Panting
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Racing heart rate
High blood pressure
Abnormal heart rhythm
Seizures
Tremors

Can pets die from ingesting chocolate?

If my pet only got a hold of a little bit of chocolate and seems fine, should I still bring them to a vet?

Yes! Always consult with your vet. We have a handy calculator that helps us see, depending on your pet's weight and how much they ate, if it is a toxic dose or not.

The Secret to Ridding Your Dog of Itchy and Irritated Skin

Tue, 15 Sep 2020 16:07:00 GMT

As humans, we know just how frustrating it is to have itchy skin so, when you see your dog struggling with it, your heart naturally goes out to them...for the first few weeks. By week three, you’ve had it and, if you sleep with your pet, you’ve lost more Zzzzzs than you care to think about. Now both you and your pet are at your wit’s end, which is no place to be. The best thing to do is to get to the root cause of the itch, so we’ve taken some time in this blog post to explore the many reasons your dog could be getting itchy skin, toes, or hot spots. We also discuss some solutions so that you can save your pooch's skin and your sanity.

What Are the Most Common Reasons Dogs Get So Itchy?

Ectoparasites Such as Fleas or Ticks

These are are the most common causes of itching in pets. If you see hair loss around the tailhead area and on the top of the hips along with scabs likely caused by scratching and biting, your dog likely has fleas. You can also use a flea comb to spot them and make a more definitive diagnosis.

Atopic Dermatitis (Environmental or Inhalant Allergens)

This is the second most common reason for itch skin in dogs. Some common environmental allergens are:

Pollen
Mold
Grass
Weeds
Flea saliva
Fungi
Dander

Hormonal Imbalances

This isn’t as widely discussed as dermatitis or fleas but, if your dog’s body is not producing enough thyroid hormone or if it’s putting out too much of the hormone cortisol, bald spots or other superficial skin infections can occur.

Anxiety

Just as with humans who bite their nails or develop other obsessive habits when nervous, dogs can turn to itching when they are experiencing anxiety. If, for instance, you’ve noticed your dog is itching, chewing, or biting at their skin just after you’ve returned to work, they could be experiencing separation anxiety.

Pain

One of the hardest things for veterinarians is diagnosing pain in dogs as, not only are they stoic creatures, but they also can’t communicate with us when they aren't feeling well. However, if you notice your dog biting or chewing at the same paw repeatedly, you want to rule out the fact that there is a thorn or something else causing this reaction. As WebMD for Pets notes, “Compulsive chewing or licking can also be a response to orthopedic problems, including arthritis and hip dysplasia.”

Are Dogs Itchier During Certain Times of the Year?

It really depends on the part of the country you live in. If you have warm weather all year round, allergies and flea issues are a year-round issue. In cooler climates, allergies tend to be more seasonal when plants are in bloom.

How Do I Know the Difference Between Food and Environmental Allergies?

That can be a difficult thing to determine and may require allergy testing or intradermal skin testing by a dermatologist. Food allergies are not that common but have to be considered in an itchy pet.

Should I Bring My Dog to the Vet for Itching?

Absolutely. A diagnosis needs to be made and a treatment plan implemented. If fleas are an issue, environmental and oral or topical control must be instituted. If there is a secondary infection, antibiotics may need to be prescribed. There are good anti-itch medications like Apoquel and Cytopoint that block the itch impulse from the site of the itch to the brain where it is perceived. These are not steroids or antihistamines, so they have minimal side effects and are very effective in controlling the itch until the treatment options to address the cause of the itch are implemented, ie flea control, hypoallergenic diets, etc. Steroids can be used if the itching persists after you’ve tried these other treatments.

What Can I Do to Soothe My Dog’s Itching?

There are oatmeal-based shampoos that can soothe the skin but, again, the underlying cause has to be determined to truly control the problem. And you should be aware that anything you try at home before going to the vet could have an adverse effect on your dog.

Whereas fleas and ticks are best treated with prevention (which can be purchased in a variety of forms), food allergies are treated with limited-ingredient foods to eradicate the offending ingredient. Some commercial pet foods process out the good oils that contribute to healthy skin and coat and these dehydrating effects can also stimulate thirst, compounding the problem. Environmental allergies are tougher to treat but can be easily managed with diligence and expert advice from your veterinarian. If your dog is found to be allergic to something like grass or pollen, simply wiping off their feet and bellies after walks can help. Some vets might have you try a therapeutic dog food to see if that will make the difference. In the cases of pain and anxiety, your veterinarian can help devise a treatment plan to determine the cause of pain. When it comes to anxiety, your veterinarian can give you practical things to try at home. In cases of severe anxiety, medication can be administered.

Is There a Way to Prevent Dog Itching?

Flea and tick prevention, both in the environment and on the pet, is essential to reduce the allergic stimulation to the pet. It is much more effective and much less expensive to prevent a problem than to treat it once it has advanced to the point where the pet has a skin infection and is losing hair from self-trauma because of the itch.

If your dog has been itching more than usual lately, please give us a call so we can get to the root of the matter and end their suffering (and yours, too!).

The Secret to Ridding Your Dog of Itchy and Irritated Skin

Tue, 15 Sep 2020 16:07:00 GMT

What Are the Most Common Reasons Dogs Get So Itchy?

Ectoparasites Such as Fleas or Ticks

Atopic Dermatitis (Environmental or Inhalant Allergens)

This is the second most common reason for itch skin in dogs. Some common environmental allergens are:

Pollen
Mold
Grass
Weeds
Flea saliva
Fungi
Dander

Hormonal Imbalances

Anxiety

Pain

Are Dogs Itchier During Certain Times of the Year?

How Do I Know the Difference Between Food and Environmental Allergies?

Should I Bring My Dog to the Vet for Itching?

What Can I Do to Soothe My Dog’s Itching?

Is There a Way to Prevent Dog Itching?

If your dog has been itching more than usual lately, please give us a call so we can get to the root of the matter and end their suffering (and yours, too!).

Rainbow Bridge Remembrance Day: What to Know About Euthanasia

Thu, 27 Aug 2020 00:14:00 GMT

With Rainbow Bridge Remembrance Day approaching on August 28, we thought we'd touch on a subject that surely isn't one that any of us like to think about - pet euthanasia. Anyone who has ever owned a pet knows that they become not only part of our families but also part of our hearts, so losing a cat or dog can be absolutely devastating. If you know, however, that the time is likely approaching for you to let go of one of your senior pets , it can help to know more about what's in store. The overall procedure might vary slightly from practice to practice, but we give you a general idea of what you can expect from pet euthanasia below.

What are some telltale signs that it might be time to let a pet go?

The ultimate decision has to be based around not just the pet, but also the family. Oftentimes, the pet will have good days and bad days, which surely makes the decision all the more agonizing. But if the bad days are such that people aren't always available to carry the dog outside, for example, and the dog loses its dignity and has to soil itself in the house, that is something to take into consideration. So it's really a matter of finding a balance between the burden on the family and the quality of life for the pet.

It has to be the right time for everybody. We don't want to rush it. On the other hand, we don't want to let it degrade to the point that the patient's comatose and seizing and having all sorts of problems. Hindsight is always 2020 but some people do hang on perhaps a bit too long and inadvertently cause more pain than was necessary. It's something that your veterinarian will be able to work with you on and help you with that decision. You might begin to assess the situation on a day-to-day basis, asking yourself, "What's the quality of life here? Is the dog or cat or other pet interacting with you like they normally would? Are they able to maintain some sort of a normal semblance of a lifestyle?

The more they're able to do that and the more they're joyous, it's another day, another meal, and another opportunity to be with Mom and Dad. Of course, you want them to hang on but if they're in agonizing pain and soiling themselves and refusing food, they're trying to tell you what their decision is...as heartbreaking as that is.

Are there different methods of euthanasia for pets?

Typically, the veterinarian will place an IV catheter and very slowly give a drug that takes away cognitive function, depresses respiration, and then ultimately stops the heart. Some patients want their pets to be sedated, but a lot of clients want to be with the pet. If the pet is sedated, these people feel like they're being robbed of those final moments and the opportunity for them to let their beloved fur baby know that, "Hey, I'm here for you." Most veterinarians will work what you want in those situations.

Do pets suffer when euthanized?

Veterinarians diminish the cognitive functions and then release their inhibitions, so it's not painful at all. Sometimes they will vocalize just because they're feeling the effects of the drugs. It's not common, but it can happen, and it does not indicate pain.

How do I prepare my pet for euthanasia? Is there anything I can do?

Just be there for them. If they're soiled and they're okay with being cleaned up and they enjoy that, that's fine. If they're not necessarily in the best presenting manner and they don't really want to be messed with, be cautious about doing anything that would increase pain.

Also, protect yourself if they are going to reach out or lash out at you because you picked them up or tried to move them in the case of a car accident or the like. If you have one, use an Elizabethan collar on them or slip a basket muzzle over the nose or something. Even dogs that have been known for their gentle dispositions can bite when they are in pain or scared. And if there's a bite incident that occurs just prior to euthanasia, there's a special required procedure that involves submitting brain tissues to local laboratories. So, ideally, you obviously don't want any bites to have occurred in the past 10 days.

Just be cognizant of what their needs are. If they're having breathing difficulty, of course, you don't want to carry them. The way you carry them is really important. You would support them between the front legs or put them on a flat surface and carry them in on that flat surface so they can position themselves. The reason for this is that breathing difficulty can occur with congestive heart failure dogs or lung-collapsed individuals where there's fluid in the chest. If you support them under the belly, it's hard to breathe.

How long does the procedure take?

This is something that most veterinarians understandably don't want to rush, so they're not going to schedule you 15 minutes for the clinic closes. You'll typically be asked to come in about an hour early because the vet will want to explain what's going to occur.

Then the IV catheter is placed. Sometimes the clients want a little bit of time at that point and then when we actually do the injection. If the heart and circulatory systems are working well and the patient's not in shock, it's a matter of usually less than a minute until the pet is totally unconscious, respirations are depressed, and the heart is stopped. It's shockingly quick, and many clients are surprised by this fact, so it's something veterinarians will try to make you aware of before the procedure begins.

We have a private room here at Advanced just for families to say goodbye to their beloved pets.

We allow you as much time as you need to say your final goodbye, give good long hugs and mourn together as a family. Whenever the family is ready you can press the button to alert our Doctor that you are ready for her to come into the room. The doctor will come in and explain exactly what she is doing while doing it and your pet will drift off from this earth just like it was slowly going to sleep. Again you will have as much time as you need once the doctor steps out of the room to be together as a family. Once you are ready the staff will take care of all your final wishes as far as cremation goes and you will be able to leave.

Are there support groups for those who are grieving the loss of a pet?

Absolutely. You almost certainly have one in your area. It's a very difficult time. People are sometimes closer to their pets than they are to their family members because the pet is very forgiving, loyal, and they're always there. As veterinarians, we want people to recognize that euthanizing a pet is often one of the hardest decisions you'll have to make in your life but, in the case of extreme pain oh the part of your pet, also one of the bravest. If you have any questions about the euthanasia process or anything else, please don't hesitate to give us a call .

Rainbow Bridge Remembrance Day: What to Know About Euthanasia

Thu, 27 Aug 2020 00:14:00 GMT

What are some telltale signs that it might be time to let a pet go?

Are there different methods of euthanasia for pets?

Do pets suffer when euthanized?

How do I prepare my pet for euthanasia? Is there anything I can do?

How long does the procedure take?

We have a private room here at Advanced just for families to say goodbye to their beloved pets.

Are there support groups for those who are grieving the loss of a pet?

20 Cat Facts That'll Blow Your Kitty-Crazed Mind

Thu, 20 Aug 2020 16:02:00 GMT

Cats have been entrancing humans for thousands of years. From the tufts of their ears to the swish of their tails, it’s hard for us humans to ignore the mystery and beauty of cats. It's no wonder that so many of us fall victim to the time suck that is cat videos! If you’re looking for some amazing cat tidbits to share with your fellow feline fanatics, we've got you covered. Here are 20 facts about cat behavior , anatomy, history, and much more that you might not have known.

1. As kittens, they have 26 deciduous, or “baby”, teeth. As adult cats, they have 30 permanent teeth. Don’t forget to take care of those pearly whites with regular dental cleanings .

2. House cats share 95.6% of their genetic makeup with tigers. You read that right, TIGERS. They also share some of the same behavior habits such as scent and urine marking, prey stalking, and pouncing.

3. Cats can jump as high as five times their own height. Now that’s impressive!

4. A housecat can run to the speed of about 30 mph over short distances. This means that a cat can outrun legendary runner Usain Bolt in a 200-meter dash!

5. Ever wondered why your feline friend would often put their rear end by your face? This is actually a sign of trust and your cat signaling that they feel safe and secure around you.

6. Cats can have a dominant front paw . Studies have shown that male cats tend to favor their left paw while female cats may have a dominant right paw.

7. Most cats have 18 toes—5 on their front paws, and 4 on their back paws. However, some cats can be born with extra toes, a condition called polydactylism.

8. The oldest cat to ever live was a cat named "Creme Puff", who lived to be 38 years and 3 days old. Creme Puff lived from August 3, 1967, to August 2005 with her owner in Austin, Texas.

9. Cats have a whopping 32 muscles in each of their ears, allowing them to swivel their ears to home in on the exact source of the noise. Additionally, cats can rotate their ears to 180 degrees!

10. Cats are nearsighted, but their peripheral vision and night vision are far superior compared to humans.

11. The whiskers on a cat aren’t just cute—they serve a very important function in assisting cats with getting around, especially at night. Cat whiskers are embedded deep in their body and are connected to the cat’s sensitive muscular and nervous systems, acting as touch receptors (or a “kitty radar”). Whiskers allow a cat to detect and respond to changes in their surroundings.

12. Additionally, not only do cats have whiskers on their face, but they also have a set of whiskers on the back of their front legs.

13. The wealthiest cat in the world , Blackie, had a fortune of £7 million, or $12.5 million in US dollars. When Blackie’s millionaire owner passed away, the owner refused to acknowledge any human family members in his will and instead gifted his massive fortune to his last surviving cat. Now that is one fortunate feline!

14. The oldest known pet cat existed around 9,500 years ago. In 2004, a French archeologist found a grave of a cat in Cyprus dating back to 9,500 years ago, meaning that humans have had cats as pets since then!

15. A female cat can become pregnant as young as 4 - 6 months of age. Spaying and neutering your cat around this age is the best way to prevent any unexpected litters and help reduce cat

overpopulation.

16. Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, absolutely loved cats and would play with them for hours. Lincoln owned several cats during his time in the White House.

17. Although a group of kittens is more commonly called a litter, they can also be known as a “kindle” of kittens.

18. Cats usually sleep around an average of 15 hours PER day. This means that a cat spends roughly 70% of their lives sleeping . It must be nice to be a cat!

19. Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, CA may be known as the “Happiest Place on Earth” but it’s also home to a squad of feral cats that freely roam around the theme park. Feral cats have been living at the Disneyland Resort for decades and are actually used to (ironically) help control the rodent population within the park. Mickey Mouse had better watch out!

20. In Ancient Egypt, members of a family would shave their eyebrows in mourning if their cat died. Cats were also sometimes mummified and placed in tombs with their owners.

Need to schedule your pet's next appointment? Contact us here .